Institution
Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation
Government•Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia•
About: Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation is a government organization based out in Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Soil water. The organization has 33765 authors who have published 79910 publications receiving 3356114 citations.
Topics: Population, Soil water, Climate change, Gene, Coal
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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TL;DR: In this article, an incubation study determined the effect of one dry-rewetting (DRW) event on the turnover of carbon (C), phosphorus (P) and nitrogen (N).
Abstract: An incubation study determined the effect of one dry–rewetting (DRW) event on the turnover of carbon (C), phosphorus (P) and nitrogen (N). Thirty-two soils were collected from different climatic regions of southern Australia, varying in soil type, land use and agronomic management history. We hypothesised that respiration and nutrient pulses are related to soil physio-chemical properties. Respiration (CO2 release) was measured intensively for 90 h after rewetting. C mineralisation (C
min) model fitting was used to describe the amount of mineralisable C (Co90 h) and the proportional mineralisation rate (k). Compared to constantly moist soils, 13 soils showed increases in both Co90 h and k, indicating that DRW increased the amount of mineralisable C and the rate at which C was mineralised over the 90-h period. In 17 soils, k was increased but not Co90 h, showing an increase in C mineralisation rate but no change in the amount of mineralisable C. Two soils showed a reduction in k with no change in Co90 h, possibly due to low C contents and small microbial biomass. Only one soil exhibited no change in either Co90 h or k. Multiple linear regression analysis indicated that the magnitude of the increase in mineralisable C in response to the DRW event (∆Co90 h = Co90 h DRW − Co90 h moist) was primarily explained by clay content (39%); however, inclusion of nine soil physio-chemical properties explained more of the variation in ∆Co90 h than any of the properties alone. Five of the nine physio-chemical variables present in the multiple-regression model were related to C content or composition. Pulses in available N and P were not related to ∆Co90 h.
86 citations
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TL;DR: It is suggested that the re-assortment of variation by recombination/gene conversion at this locus is limited by the degree of sequence identity between genes.
Abstract: Three rust resistance specificities, N, N1 and N2, map to the complex N locus of flax. We used a degenerate PCR approach, with primers directed to the nucleotide binding site (NBS) domain characteristic of many plant resistance genes, to isolate resistance gene analogs (RGAs) from flax. One RGA clone detected RFLPs co-segregating with alleles of the N locus. With this probe we isolated four related genes that occur within a 30kbp region and encode proteins with NBS and leucine-rich repeat (LRR) domains and N-terminal Toll/Interleukin-1 Receptor homology (TIR) domains. One of these four genes was identified as the N resistance gene by sequence analysis of three mutant alleles and by transgenic expression. We isolated homologous genes from two flax lines containing the N1 or N2 specificities and from flax lines carrying no N locus resistance specificities. Analysis of shared polymorphisms among this set of 18 N locus sequences revealed three groups of genes with independent lineages. Sequence exchanges have only occurred between genes within each group, but not between groups. Two of the groups contain only one sequence from each haplotype and probably represent orthologous genes. However, the third group contains two genes from each haplotype. We suggest that the re-assortment of variation by recombination/gene conversion at this locus is limited by the degree of sequence identity between genes.
86 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, the mineralogy and crystal chemistry of "garnierites" in saprolitic ore from the Goro lateritic nickel deposit, New Caledonia, was investigated using optical and scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and electron-microprobe analyses.
Abstract: The mineralogy and crystal chemistry of “garnierites” in saprolitic ore from the Goro lateritic nickel deposit, New Caledonia, was investigated using optical and scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and electron-microprobe analyses. These conspicuously, green-coloured phases occur either as sub-mm to cm-sized veins or as macroscopic (sub-cm sized) “booklets”. Veins comprised ~ 10 A (2:1) talc-like minerals identified as species of the Ni-kerolite/pimelite Ni for Mg solid solution series, with Ni contents ranging from 10 to 24 % NiO. Mineral nomenclature, defined by the inverse relationship between Ni and Mg content, varied continuously over the scale of several hundred micrometres. Pimelite, defined as containing > 1.5 Ni per formula unit (p.f.u.), was the main 10 A phase for one vein core whereas at the vein edges where the Ni content decreased to < 1.5 Ni p.f.u. (and Mg increased) kerolite was identified. “Booklets” comprised the ~ 7 A (1:1) serpentine-like phase, nepouite (Mg0.67Ni1.59Fe0.053+) (Si2.17Al0.22)O5(OH)4 with Ni contents averaging 30 % NiO and occurred as accordion-like structures supported in an undifferentiated matrix of mixed ~ 7 A and ~ 10 A phases.
86 citations
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TL;DR: The applicability of using high precision lead isotopes as an indicator of previous lead exposure in children is illustrated and data is provided from two subjects who had different exposure to lead during early childhood.
Abstract: A pilot study to evaluate the efficacy of using high precision lead isotopes as an indicator of previous lead exposure in children was undertaken on deciduous teeth from 10 children in a lead-mining city. The present study illustrates the applicability of the method and provides data from two subjects who had different exposure to lead during early childhood. Teeth were examined by slicing the crowns into upper and lower sections and/or by selective dissolution with different mineral acids. Different exposures to mine lead and other sources, such as food, water, air (gasoline), are readily detected in any tooth from an individual.
86 citations
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Norwegian Institute for Air Research1, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology2, Centre national de la recherche scientifique3, National Institute for Environmental Studies4, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation5, Wageningen University and Research Centre6, Tomsk State University7, Russian Academy of Sciences8, Japan Meteorological Agency9, Montana State University10
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used an ensemble of seven atmospheric inverse systems to estimate land biosphere fluxes (natural, land-use change and fires) based on atmospheric observations of CO2 concentration.
Abstract: Increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) is the principal driver of anthropogenic climate change. Asia is an important region for the global carbon budget, with 4 of the world's 10 largest national emitters of CO2. Using an ensemble of seven atmospheric inverse systems, we estimated land biosphere fluxes (natural, land-use change and fires) based on atmospheric observations of CO2 concentration. The Asian land biosphere was a net sink of -0.46 (-0.70-0.24) PgC per year (median and range) for 1996-2012 and was mostly located in East Asia, while in South and Southeast Asia the land biosphere was close to carbon neutral. In East Asia, the annual CO2 sink increased between 1996-2001 and 2008-2012 by 0.56 (0.30-0.81) PgC, accounting for ∼35% of the increase in the global land biosphere sink. Uncertainty in the fossil fuel emissions contributes significantly (32%) to the uncertainty in land biosphere sink change.
86 citations
Authors
Showing all 33864 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
David R. Williams | 178 | 2034 | 138789 |
Mark E. Cooper | 158 | 1463 | 124887 |
Kevin J. Gaston | 150 | 750 | 85635 |
Liming Dai | 141 | 781 | 82937 |
John D. Potter | 137 | 795 | 75310 |
Lei Zhang | 135 | 2240 | 99365 |
Harold A. Mooney | 135 | 450 | 100404 |
Frederick M. Ausubel | 133 | 389 | 60365 |
Rajkumar Buyya | 133 | 1066 | 95164 |
Robert B. Jackson | 132 | 458 | 91332 |
Peter Hall | 132 | 1640 | 85019 |
Frank Caruso | 131 | 641 | 61748 |
Paul J. Crutzen | 130 | 461 | 80651 |
Andrew Y. Ng | 130 | 345 | 164995 |
Lei Zhang | 130 | 2312 | 86950 |