Community Health Systems

About: Community Health Systems is a based out in . It is known for research contribution in the topics: General Bathymetric Chart of the Oceans & Genetic enhancement. The organization has 19 authors who have published 9 publications receiving 2930 citations. The organization is also known as: Community Health Systems Inc. & CHS.

Adult height and the risk of cause-specific death and vascular morbidity in 1 million people: individual participant meta-analysis

Abstract: Background The extent to which adult height, a biomarker of the interplay of genetic endowment and early-life experiences, is related to risk of chronic diseases in adulthood is uncertain. Methods We calculated hazard ratios (HRs) for height, assessed in increments of 6.5 cm, using individual-participant data on 174 374 deaths or major non-fatal vascular outcomes recorded among 1 085 949 people in 121 prospective studies. Results For people born between 1900 and 1960, mean adult height increased 0.5-1 cm with each successive decade of birth. After adjustment for age, sex, smoking and year of birth, HRs per 6.5 cm greater height were 0.97 (95% confidence interval: 0.96-0.99) for death from any cause, 0.94 (0.93-0.96) for death from vascular causes, 1.04 (1.03-1.06) for death from cancer and 0.92 (0.90-0.94) for death from other causes. Height was negatively associated with death from coronary disease, stroke subtypes, heart failure, stomach and oral cancers, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, mental disorders, liver disease and external causes. In contrast, height was positively associated with death from ruptured aortic aneurysm, pulmonary embolism, melanoma and cancers of the pancreas, endocrine and nervous systems, ovary, breast, prostate, colorectum, blood and lung. HRs per 6.5 cm greater height ranged from 1.26 (1.12-1.42) for risk of melanoma death to 0.84 (0.80-0.89) for risk of death from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. HRs were not appreciably altered after further adjustment for adiposity, blood pressure, lipids, inflammation biomarkers, diabetes mellitus, alcohol consumption or socio-economic indicators. Conclusion Adult height has directionally opposing relationships with risk of death from several different major causes of chronic diseases.

The New IHO S-102 Standard: Charting a New Frontier for Bathymetry

Abstract: Soundings and contours are the only official way data producers can push bathymetric information to the wide hydrographic community. The introduction of the S-102 standard for bathymetry will enable many possibilities within the community of bathymetry users. Liaising with the International Hydrographic Organization’s (IHO) Transfer Standard Maintenance and Application Development (TSMAD) Working Group, the Canadian Hydrographic Service (CHS) and the US Naval Oceano-graphic Office (NAVO) has led the development and practical testing of this revolutionary standard, officially called the Bathymetric Surface Product Specification S‑102. In partnership with IIC Technologies, GeoNet Technologies, and CARIS, CHS created one of the first prototypes of S‑102 datasets, using the CARIS Bathy DataBASE software suite. A portfolio of 86 high definition bathymetric charts was subsequently produced within a few weeks, successfully validating a speci-fication that will potentially change the manipulation of bathymetric data we’ve known for years.