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Institution

CompuServe

About: CompuServe is a based out in . It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Gene. The organization has 435 authors who have published 391 publications receiving 17529 citations. The organization is also known as: CIS & CompuServe Information Service.


Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
Stephen Locarnini1
TL;DR: Further studies are clearly needed to identify the pathogenic basis and clinical sequelae arising from the selection of these mutants, and which particular viral mutations or combination of mutations directly affect the clinical outcome of infection.
Abstract: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) has evolved a unique life cycle that results in the production of enormous viral loads during active replication without actually killing the infected cell directly. Because HBV uses reverse transcription to copy its DNA genome, mutant viral genomes emerge frequently. Particular selection pressures, both endogenous (host immune clearance) and exogenous (vaccines and antiviral drugs), readily select out these escape mutants. Which particular viral mutations or combination of mutations directly affect the clinical outcome of infection are not known. Further studies are clearly needed to identify the pathogenic basis and clinical sequelae arising from the selection of these mutants.

515 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: NY-ESO-1 ELISPOT and tetramer assays with excellent sensitivity, specificity, and reproducibility have been developed and found to correlate with cytotoxicity assays, providing the basis for standardized monitoring of T cell responses in patients receiving NY-ESo-1 vaccines.
Abstract: NY-ESO-1, a member of the cancer–testis family of antigens, is expressed in a subset of a broad range of different human tumor types. Patients with advanced NY-ESO-1-expressing tumors frequently develop humoral immunity to NY-ESO-1, and three HLA A2-restricted peptides were defined previously as targets for cytotoxic CD8+ T cells in a melanoma patient with NY-ESO-1 antibody. The objectives of the present study were (i) to develop enzyme-linked immunospot (ELISPOT) and tetramer assays to measure CD8+ T cell responses to NY-ESO-1, (ii) to determine the frequency of CD8+ T cell responses to NY-ESO-1 in a series of HLA-A2 patients with NY-ESO-1 expressing tumors, (iii) to determine the relation between CD8+ T cell and humoral immune responses to NY-ESO-1, and (iv) to compare results of NY-ESO-1 ELISPOT assays performed independently in two laboratories with T cells from the same patients. NY-ESO-1 ELISPOT and tetramer assays with excellent sensitivity, specificity, and reproducibility have been developed and found to correlate with cytotoxicity assays. CD8+ T cell responses to HLA-A2-restricted NY-ESO-1 peptides were detected in 10 of 11 patients with NY-ESO-1 antibody, but not in patients lacking antibody or in patients with NY-ESO-1-negative tumors. The results of ELISPOT assays were concordant in the two laboratories, providing the basis for standardized monitoring of T cell responses in patients receiving NY-ESO-1 vaccines.

399 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
S. de Pee1, C. E. West1, D. Permaesih1, S. Martuti1, Muhilal1, J. G. A. J. Hautvast1 
TL;DR: The apparent mean vitamin A activity of carotenoids in fruit and in leafy vegetables and carrots was 50% ( 95% CI: 21%, 100%) and 23% (95%CI: 8%, 46%) of that assumed, respectively, which has important implications for choosing strategies for controlling vitamin A deficiency.

344 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In patients fulfilling the study's inclusion criteria, the use of icodextrin, when compared with 2.27% glucose, in the long exchange improves fluid removal and status in peritoneal dialysis, and was sustained for 6 mo without harmful effects on residual renal function.
Abstract: Worsening fluid balance results in reduced technique and patient survival in peritoneal dialysis. Under these condi- tions, the glucose polymer icodextrin is known to enhance ultrafiltration in the long dwell. A multicenter, randomized, double-blind, controlled trial was undertaken to compare ico- dextrin versus 2.27% glucose to establish whether icodextrin improves fluid status. Fifty patients with urine output 750 ml/d, high solute transport, and either treated hypertension or untreated BP 140/90 mmHg, or a requirement for the equiv- alent of all 2.27% glucose exchanges, were randomized 1:1 and evaluated at 1, 3, and 6 mo. Members of the icodextrin group lost weight, whereas the control group gained weight. Similar differences in total body water were observed, largely ex- plained by reduced extracellular fluid volume in those receiv- ing icodextrin, who also achieved better ultrafiltration and total sodium losses at 3 mo (P 0.05) and had better maintenance of urine volume at 6 mo (P 0.039). In patients fulfilling the study's inclusion criteria, the use of icodextrin, when compared with 2.27% glucose, in the long exchange improves fluid removal and status in peritoneal dialysis. This effect is appar- ent within 1 mo of commencement and was sustained for 6 mo without harmful effects on residual renal function.

336 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
20 Feb 1997-Nature
TL;DR: A randomized crossover study using the dust mite-conditioned allergic rabbit model of human asthma found that administration of an aerosolized phosphorothioate antisense oligodeoxynucleotide targeting the adenosine A1 receptor desensitized the animals to subsequent challenge with either adenoine or dust-mite allergen.
Abstract: Asthma is an inflammatory disease characterized by bronchial hyper-responsiveness that can proceed to life-threatening airway obstruction. It is one of the most common diseases in industrialized countries, and in the United States accounts for about 1% of all healthcare costs. Asthma prevalence and mortality have increased dramatically over the past decade, and occupational asthma is predicted to be the pre-eminent occupational lung disease in the next decade. Increasing evidence suggests that adenosine, an endogenous purine that is involved in normal physiological processes, may be an important mediator of bronchial asthma. In contrast to normal individuals, asthmatic individuals respond to adenosine challenge with marked airway obstruction, and concentrations of adenosine are elevated in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of asthma patients. We performed a randomized crossover study using the dust mite-conditioned allergic rabbit model of human asthma. Administration of an aerosolized phosphorothioate antisense oligodeoxynucleotide targeting the adenosine A1 receptor desensitized the animals to subsequent challenge with either adenosine or dust-mite allergen.

327 citations


Authors

Showing all 435 results

NameH-indexPapersCitations
Peter J. Anderson12096663635
Martin Prince10459065314
Stephen Locarnini8744928813
Richard W. Titball7941022484
Robert Stewart7466824814
Guy Griebel6417113956
Patrick Masson5836922458
Michael Kessler5030612195
Kwok M. Ho492968655
Simon J. Davies492349436
Kathryn Z. Guyton481019951
Josée Dubois441526738
Benoit Guery421595679
Daniel Camus411505517
David J. Sanger41914985
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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers from the Institution in previous years
YearPapers
20161
20151
20131
20123
20102
20097