Showing papers by "Concordia University published in 1976"
TL;DR: DA seems to be critically involved in mediation of the reinforcing effects of amphetamine, as it differentially affected amphetamine self-administration and caused periods of increased rate of responding for amphetamine which were followed, in the case of higher doses, by response cessation.
Abstract: Norepinephrine (NE) and dopamine (DA) receptor blockade differentially affected amphetamine self-administration. DA blockade (pimozide, 0.0625 to 0.5 mg/kg, or (+)-butaclamol, 0.0125 to 0.1 mg/kg) caused periods of increased rate of responding for amphetamine which were followed, in the case of higher doses, by response cessation. The response cessation produced by 0.5 mg/kg pimozide was not reversed by non-contingent amphetamine injections until well after the peak effect of the pimozide was over. When access to amphetamine injections was delayed until 4 h after animals received 0.5 mg/kg pimozide, rate of responding was elevated. Thus DA seems to be critically involved in mediation of the reinforcing effects of amphetamine. Alpha-NE blockade with phentolamine (2.5–10 mg/kg) produced dose-related decreases in responding; blockade with phenoxybenzamine (1.25–10 mg/kg) had no effect. Beta-NE blockade with l-propranolol (2.5–10 mg/kg) decreased responding, although probably not through a beta-blocking action. The effects of phentolamine and propranolol do not appear to result from attenuation of the reinforcing effects of amphetamine.
354 citations
321 citations
TL;DR: Rats learned to press a lever for intravenous injections of amphetamine or apomorphine, and learned to avoid the taste of saccharin which was associated with experimenter-administered amphetamine, having both positively reinforcing and aversive properties.
Abstract: Rats learned to press a lever for intravenous injections of amphetamine or apomorphine. They also learned to avoid the taste of saccharin which was associated with experimenter-administered amphetamine or with self-administered apomorphine. Thus these, and presumably other, self-administered drugs serve as compound pharmacological stimuli, having both positively reinforcing and aversive properties.
306 citations
TL;DR: In this article, an Emotionality Survey was developed to assess sex differences in three dimensions of emotion: covert responding, interpersonal expression, and attitudes toward responses and expressions, and the findings suggest a sex difference in the functional significance of emotion, and support a multidimensional approach to investigate the differences in emotionality.
Abstract: An Emotionality Survey was developed to assess sex differences in three dimensions of emotion: covert responding, interpersonal expression, and attitudes toward responses and expressions. Situational determinants of responses were also investigated. Within each of these areas, four types of emotion were distinguished: anger, fear, joy, and sadness. In general, females exceeded males in reported emotionality, but sex differences varied as a function of dimension and type of emotion. Differences were greatest for interpersonal expression, and for fear and sadness. Females also reported more of an interpersonal basis for their emotional responses. The findings suggest a sex difference in the functional significance of emotion, and support a multidimensional approach to the investigation of sex differences in emotionality.
202 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a multilevel feedback control scheme is proposed for optimization of large-scale systems composed of a number of (not necessarily weakly coupled) subsystems, where local controllers are used to optimize each subsystem, ignoring the interconnections.
Abstract: A multilevel feedback control scheme is proposed for optimization of large-scale systems composed of a number of (not necessarily weakly coupled) subsystems. Local controllers are used to optimize each subsystem, ignoring the interconnections. Then, a global controller may be applied to minimize the effect of interconnections and improve the performance of the overall system. At the cost of suboptimal performance, this optimization strategy ensures invariance of suboptimality and stability of the systems under structural perturbations whereby subsystems are disconnected and again connected during operation.
86 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the pV isotherms for solid Xe and Kr at 0 K using quasiharmonic lattice dynamics derived from multiparameter pair potentials are calculated.
Abstract: Phonon dispersion curves, elastic constants. and the pV isotherms are calculated for solid Xe and Kr at 0 K using quasiharmonic lattice dynamics derived from multiparameter pair potentials. The computations account for the Axilrod-Teller-Muto three-body triple-dipole forces that arise in third-order perturbation theory. Approximate allowance is also made for anharmonic effects and, in the case of Xe, for three-body, third-order, dipole-quadrupole interactions and the three-body dipole interactions that arise in fourth-order perturbation theory. The over-all agreement with experimental phonon data is good except in the case of xenon, for the lowest-energy phonons in the [110] direction. This has the consequence that the sheaer lastic constant (C11 - C12)/2 and the zero temperature Debye theta are somewhat lower than current experimental values.
66 citations
TL;DR: UDP-glucose:coniferyl alcohol glucosyltransferase was isolated from 10-day-old, darkgrown cell suspension cultures of Paul's scarlet rose, believed to be to catalyze the transfer of glucose from UDPG to coniferyl (or sinapyl) alcohol as storage intermediates in lignin biosynthesis.
56 citations
TL;DR: The mean number of lever presses per day for the experimental group was significantly higher than for the vehicle control or yoked control groups suggesting that naive rats will work for the positive reinforcing properties of morphine when it is infused centrally.
Abstract: Male Wistar rats implanted with cannulae aimed at the left lateral cerebral ventricle were individually maintained in Skinner boxes for 11 consecutive days. Animals were neither predependent on morphine nor shaped to press the operant lever. Experimental animals (n=7) obtained intraventricular infusions of a 1% morphine HCl solution (2 μl per 5-s infusion) for each lever press while control animals (n=7) received only the vehicle. Four animals were yoked to experimental animals and received equivalent but non-contingent morphine HCl infusions. The mean number of lever presses per day for the experimental group was significantly higher than for the vehicle control or yoked control groups suggesting that naive rats will work for the positive reinforcing properties of morphine when it is infused centrally.
51 citations
TL;DR: Hume's account of the origin of justice and property is an established landmark of social and political thought as discussed by the authors, and its place in the wider context of his theory of society.
Abstract: This chapter examines one aspect of David Hume’s social and political philosophy: his theory of justice and property and its place in the wider context of his theory of society. Hume's account of the origin of justice and property is an established landmark of social and political thought. Hume's arguments against the theory of natural justice were directed against all three naturalistic traditions, but the theory of natural sentiment was particularly misleading on this subject, he believed. Justice, for Hume, denoted the kind of relationship that would be appropriate for men considered as owners of property. As such that relationship would have to reflect a measure of equality in human relations sufficient to enable us to recognize others as owners of property. Hume's discussion of 'the rules which determine property' reflects, perhaps not surprisingly, his legal studies at Edinburgh University.
46 citations
TL;DR: The results draw attention to the role of another amino acid in the modification of the behavioural effects of tryptophan.
Abstract: 1 The effects of an intraperitoneal dose of 20 mg/kg L-tryptophan and doses of 100 and 150 mg/kg of L-methionine were investigated on activity in the rat. 2 Activity was measured by a time sampling behaviour categorization procedure, and began 15 min after compound administration, lasting for a total of one hour. 3 Total active behaviour in the first half hour was reduced after 20 mg/kg tryptophan, 100 or 150 mg/kg methionine. Only 20 mg/kg tryptophan led to a significant reduction in active behaviour during the second half hour. 4 Administration of 100 mg/kg methionine plus 20 mg/kg tryptophan, and 150 mg/kg methionine plus 20 mg/kg tryptophan had no discernible effect on activity. 5 The results draw attention to the role of another amino acid in the modification of the behavioural effects of tryptophan.
36 citations
01 Nov 1976
TL;DR: This paper presents a method of designing wave digital bandpass (BP) and bandstop (BS) filters whereby the center frequency and bandwidth can be independently controlled by simply changing the multiplier values.
Abstract: This paper presents a method of designing wave digital bandpass (BP) and bandstop (BS) filters whereby the center frequency and bandwidth can be independently controlled by simply changing the multiplier values. Also given are the canonic realizations for the BP and BS wave digital filters. This method of designing BP and BS wave digital filter results in a saving of coefficient registers.
TL;DR: In this article, the use of a sibling as a therapeutic aid to home parental management of a disruptive child was investigated in two families, using a multiple baseline technique, and the sibling behavior modifier exhibited improvement in specific behaviors which he treated in the target child.
TL;DR: The duration of barbiturate-induced sleeping in rats was found to be reduced by isolation housing, and it was also lower in males than females, and lower in the dark phase of the diurnal cycle.
Abstract: The duration of barbiturate-induced sleeping in rats was found to be reduced by isolation housing. It was also lower in males than females, and lower in the dark phase of the diurnal cycle. These variables were shown to be additive in their effects. Sex differences in barbiturate action were found to be reduced by gonadectomy in males; and the effects of isolation were found to depend upon housing conditions at the time of testing rather than upon early rearing environment. The implication for theories of arousal is discussed.
TL;DR: In this paper, preliminary testing of eight collectors (xanthates) and four frothers in 96-h static and 28-day flow-through bioassays using rainbow trout as the test organism show a great disparity in the toxicity of the chemicals administered in these two ways.
TL;DR: Computer simulations and COS/MOS hardware implementation proved the validity and the feasibility of the theory described by Mueller and design and evaluation of a linear phase filter approaching the Nyquist channel are the end result.
Abstract: A brief literature survey of transversal filters is followed by a design example of a binary transversal filter. A particular application in the modulator of the single channel per carrier data transmission equipment is described. Computer simulations and COS/MOS hardware implementation proved the validity and the feasibility of the theory described by Mueller. Design and evaluation of a linear phase filter approaching the Nyquist channel is the end result of our study.
TL;DR: A simple, easily made, and inexpensive moveable electrode for chronic use with small-brained animals is described, which permits sampling of stimulation induced behaviors at several placements along a dorsal-ventral penetration within a single animal.
TL;DR: In this article, an investigation is carried out to establish a relationship between the characteristics of cutting force fluctuations that cause vibratory response of the machine-tool-workpiece system and the formation of surface texture along the lay in a turning operation.
TL;DR: It is argued that physical dependence does not play a role in the development of high alcohol intake in animals and that preference for alcohol requires intermittent presentation of alcohol.
TL;DR: In this article, the results of 23 uniaxial tension tests on specimens measuring 36 x 4 x 0.5-in. and 25 compression tests on 11.5 x 2.5in. columns, half mortar throughout and half with a polystyrene core.
Abstract: The results of the program are derived from 23 uniaxial tension tests on specimens measuring 36 x 4 x 0.5-in. to 1.5-in. thick (914 x 102 x 13-mm to 38-mm) and from 25 compression tests on 11.5 x 4 x 4-in. (292 x 102 x 102-mm) columns, half mortar throughout and half with a 11.5 x 2.5 x 2.5-in. (292 x 102 x 102-mm) polystyrene core. Variables include the type, amount, strength, and orientation of the reinforcement. In uniaxial tension, the results for two types of expanded metal and one of welded wire mesh show expanded metal to be superior from the point of view of strength, stiffness, and crack development. In compression, welded mesh is much superior because expanded metal is rendered completely ineffective as lateral reinforcement by its tendency to undergo a scissors action under axial load. Geometry and orientation of the reinforcement are mainly responsible for the major differences in performance observed for both tension and compression.
DOI•
01 Jul 1976TL;DR: Two experiments investigated cross modal transfer of a conditional flexion response and showed that transfer was based on the relationship between discriminative stimuli and that the negative stimulus in the second modality was actively inhibitory.
Abstract: Two experiments investigated cross modal transfer of a conditional flexion response. In the first experiment, two dogs with extensive experimental past histories transferred a discrimination based on the pattern of presentation of auditory stimuli to a comparable pattern of visual stimuli. A second experiment with a naive dog demonstrated that such stimulus patterning also occurred from visual to auditory modalities. Additional tests showed that transfer was based on the relationship between discriminative stimuli and that the negative stimulus in the second modality was actively inhibitory. The data were discussed with reference to general attentiveness and rudimentary concept learning.
TL;DR: In this article, the entent of nonisotropy in turbulent swirling flows is clarified, and suitable turbulence models to effect closure of the governing Reynolds equations are recommended to cope with the nonisotropic assumptions.
TL;DR: The respiratory rate of several stonefly nymphs was observed in different levels of copper in water, and a highly significant increase of 55% occurred in 3.2 mg/1.
TL;DR: As general-purpose computing systems become larger and more complex, it has become uneconomical to restrict their use to a single user or program, which has introduced the necessity of finding ways to safely share them.
Abstract: As general-purpose computing systems become larger and more complex, it has become uneconomical to restrict their use to a single user or program. This has introduced the necessity of finding ways to safely share them.
TL;DR: The results show no such connection to exist between ethanol consumption and morphine injections and no depression in morphine consumption in morphine-preferring rats is found.
Abstract: IF there is a connection between the systems influencing morphine and ethanol consumption as suggested by the results of refs 1–4, then injections of ethanol should affect the intake of morphine. We have tried to determine if alcohol would cause a depression in morphine consumption in morphine-preferring rats similar to the results reported with ethanol consumption and morphine injections3. The results show no such connection to exist.
07 Jun 1976
TL;DR: Spellex is a system developed to aid the blind in the use of computer and office equipment without sighted help and provides voice for standard input and output terminals, punch card reader, paper-tape punch and reader, calculator, electric typewriter and the Lexiphone reading machine for the blind.
Abstract: Spellex is a system developed to aid the blind in the use of computer and office equipment without sighted help. It consists of a digital spelled speech generator interfaced with a number of instruments by digital electronic circuits. Voice is produced by two specially programmed read only memory chips. Standard C-MOS components are used in the design of the spelled speech generator so that the processor can be easily implemented using the latest large scale integrated circuit technology. As it now stands, Spellex provides voice for standard input and output terminals, punch card reader, paper-tape punch and reader, calculator, electric typewriter and the Lexiphone reading machine for the blind.
TL;DR: In this article, it was shown that there exist equilibrium strategies for n-person, non-ero-sum, linear differential games if the cost to each player is convex.
Abstract: It is shown that there exist equilibrium strategies forn-person, nonero-sum, linear differential games if the cost to each player is convex. The approach used is believed to be novel, and is based on a theorem of Fan.
TL;DR: In this paper, a series of studies has demonstrated that a 1-wk. period of visual deprivation (darkness) can produce significant inter-sensory enhancement effects on a variety of non-visual sensory measures.
Abstract: Univwsiq of Manitoba Summary.-Numerous experiments have shown chat visual deprivation (darkness) produces cross-modal sensory enhancement effects. Only recently it has been demonstrated that auditory deprivation can produce similar effects. An experiment was conducted where subjects were exposed to a 1-wk. period of auditory deprivation (silence) with measures of their tactual fusion threshold being taken at daily intervals. The experimental subjects showed, relative to a control condition, a lowering of their threshold. The results are discussed in the context of the sensoristatic model, and the latter's capaciry to account for these effects. During the last decade, a series of studies has demonstrated that a 1-wk. period of visual deprivation (darkness) can produce significant intersensory enhancement effects on a variety of non-visual sensory measures (see Zubek, 1969, for review pp. 236-240). As the measures in these experiments were restricted exclusively to the pre- and post-deprivation period, a second series of experiments was conducted in an attempt to ascertain the temporal course of development of these facilitatory cross-modal effects. Milstein and Zubek ( 1971) reported that sensitivity on a tactual fusion task, a measure of temporal resolving power analogous to the critical flicker fusion (CFF), showed a progressive improvement in performance as a function of duration of visual deprivation. Similar results were reported by Pangman and Zubek ( 1972) on an auditory flutter fusion (AFF) task where again a progressive improvement in sensitivity was obtained as a function of duration of visual deprivation. The results of these studies are of theoretical imporcance since they provide experimental support for Schultz's ( 1965) sensoristatic model, a model that predicts the progressive lowering of sensory thresholds as a function of restriction in sensory stimulation. Although these studies have demonstrated that prolonged periods of visual deprivation can improve performance on a variety of non-visual tasks, only recently has it been demonstrated that similar cross-modal facilitatory effects can result from auditory deprivation. Bross and Zubek (1975) reported that a 1-wk. period of auditory deprivation (silence) producd a significant improve
TL;DR: In this article, a theorem similar to Tellegen's theorem, but for networks having dual topologies, is developed, which is used in the frequency domain to define a new network operation called "generalized dual transposition", whose applications in network synthesis are discussed.
Abstract: A theorem, similar to Tellegen's theorem, but for networks having dual topologies, is developed. This theorem is used in the frequency domain to define a new network operation called “generalized dual transposition”, whose applications in network synthesis are discussed. Finally, it is used in the time domain to define a network called “dual adjoint” and its relation to dual and adjoint networks established.