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Showing papers by "Concordia University published in 1978"


Journal ArticleDOI
Roy A. Wise1

789 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
21 Jul 1978-Science
TL;DR: The dopamine receptor blocker pimozide attenuated lever-pressing and running for food reward in hungry rats and appears to selectively blunt the rewarding impact of food and other hedonic stimuli.
Abstract: The dopamine receptor blocker pimozide attenuated lever-pressing and running for food reward in hungry rats. In each case the characteristic behavior of pimozide-treated rats was the same as that of undrugged rats when reward was simply withheld. Drug-induced performance difficulties were ruled out by the presence of periods of normal responding in drug-treated animals. Pimozide appears to selectively blunt the rewarding impact of food and other hedonic stimuli.

653 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The data suggest that immobilization-induced changes in pain related behavior may be mediated by an opiate receptor ligand system and that this endogenous system may be mediating the affective but not the sensory properties ofPain related behavior.

274 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that in the rat, as in primates, perinatal exposure to testicular androgens influences the development of patterns of play behavior.

144 citations



Journal ArticleDOI
Gary Johns1
TL;DR: This article examined the relationship among two measures of absence from work and four conceptually separate groups of predictors (job satisfaction, personal characteristics, leadership style, and job content) and found that the frequency of absence was a more sensitive criterion than time lost.

96 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated the situations in which the single-equation least squares estimator is identical with the generalized least square estimator in the seemingly unrelated regression model, and the condition obtained turned out to be advantageous from an empirical point of view as it permits one to decide whether to go for a single-square least squares method or Zellner's method with estimated disturbance variance covariance matrix for estimating the coefficients in the model.

92 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the Eastern James Bay Cree Indians: Changing patterns of wild food use and nutrition, and the ecology of food and nutrition: Vol. 7, No. 3, pp 155-172.
Abstract: (1978). Eastern James Bay Cree Indians: Changing patterns of wild food use and nutrition. Ecology of Food and Nutrition: Vol. 7, No. 3, pp. 155-172.

71 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A new algorithm is described which uses an intermediate (and variable) amount of storage and which demonstrates convergence which is generally better than that observed for conjugate gradient algorithms but not so good as in a quasi-Newton approach.
Abstract: Although quasi-Newton algorithms generally converge in fewer iterations than conjugate gradient algorithms, they have the disadvantage of requiring substantially more storage. An algorithm will be described which uses an intermediate (and variable) amount of storage and which demonstrates convergence which is also intermediate, that is, generally better than that observed for conjugate gradient algorithms but not so good as in a quasi-Newton approach. The new algorithm uses a strategy of generating a form of conjugate gradient search direction for most iterations, but it periodically uses a quasi-Newton step to improve the convergence. Some theoretical background for a new algorithm has been presented in an earlier paper; here we examine properties of the new algorithm and its implementation. We also present the results of some computational experience.

56 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The 30-day survival after exposure to 800 Rad60Co gamma radiation has been compared for female mice maintained on vitamin E deficient, vitamin E supplemented or regular lab rations before and/or after irradiation.
Abstract: The 30-day survival after exposure to 800 Rad 60Co gamma radiation has been compared for female mice maintained on vitamin E deficient, vitamin E supplemented or regular lab rations before and/or after irradiation. Pre- or post-irradiation dietary supplementation had no effect on survival; however, injection of alpha-tocopherol immediately after irradiation significantly reduced radiation lethality.

51 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The patterns of rate changes suggested that the reinforcement of behavior by LH stimulation is flexibly mediated by at least two different neural systems, primarily, but not exclusively mediated by a dopaminergic system.
Abstract: Rats with self-stimulation electrodes in the medial part of lateral hypothalamus (LH) or in the lateral part of LH were trained to bar press, to run in a continuous, square-shaped runway, and to move their tails from side to side while otherwise restrained, all using LH stimulation on an FI 2 sec schedule as the reinforcement. At low doses of pimozide (a dopaminergic blocker) or of FLA-57 (a dopamine beta-hydroxylase inhibitor) different effects on rates of responding were observed on each of the three tasks at the two electrode placements, indicating that the rate reductions were not the results of specific performance effects of the drugs. The patterns of rate changes suggested that the effects of LH stimulation on behavior in the runway were primarily, but not exclusively mediated by a dopaminergic system; that the effects of LH stimulation on tail movement were primarily, but not exclusively mediated by a noradrenergic system; and that the effect of LH stimulation on bar pressing was mediated by both, or either of these substrates. These results suggest that the reinforcement of behavior by LH stimulation is flexibly mediated by at least two different neural systems.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present and discuss some of the methodological problems involved in utilizing cross-cultural criminal statistics and examine the reliability of international homicide rates, which is the major problem criminologists face in comparative research is the problem of comparability.
Abstract: The major aim of this paper is to present and discuss some of the methodological problems involved in utilizing cross-cultural criminal statistics and to examine the reliability of international homicide rates. The major problem criminologists face in comparative research is the problem of comparability. This problem could be examined in light of the discrepancy which might exist between the operational and nominal definitions of various types of crime. The major sources of international crime statistics are Interpol (International Criminal Police Organization) and WHO (World Health Organization). Analysis of the comparability of these sources with regard to homicide revealed zero-order correlation of r = .95 for 33 countries. A longitudinal analysis correlating homicide data from the two sources revealed mixed results. The correlation between the two sources varied for different countries between .04 and .90. Analysis of homicide rates extractedfrom WHO revealed a high level of stability and reliability....

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, it was suggested that the aversive effects of acetaldehyde are mediated by peripheral toxicosis rather than by the pharmacological actions of the acetaldehyde in the brain.

Journal ArticleDOI
Gary Johns1
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined the relationship between leadership style and the supervisor-subordinate relationship and found that workers who reported higher levels of task variety, identity, significance, autonomy and motivating potential would also have higher job satisfaction, be more satisfied with their supervisor, have less absence and have lower rates of turnover.
Abstract: In this article the author discusses research he conducted that examined the relationship between leadership style and the supervisor-subordinate relationship. He hypothesized that workers who reported higher levels of task variety, identity, significance, autonomy and motivating potential would also have higher levels of job satisfaction, be more satisfied with their supervisor, have less absence and have lower rates of turnover. The findings supported the author's hypothesis in all areas except absence which was not found to be significantly correlated with the suggested measures.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It was concluded that the attenuation of conditioned taste aversion involved processes different from those involved in the development of tolerance to the analgesic response of morphine, suggesting that different associative processes are responsible for the two types of attenuation.
Abstract: Three experiments were done using male Wistar rats to determine whether the mechanisms underlying the attenuation of a conditioned taste aversion to morphine by pre-exposure to the drug were similar to those involved in the development of tolerance to the analgesic response to morphine. This was tested by determining whether the effect of pre-exposure on conditioned taste aversion was situation-specific. In Experiment 1 it was found that having different environments for the pre-exposure injections and for the conditioning injections of morphine had no effect on the attenuation of the taste aversion. This finding was replicated in Experiment 2 in which it was also found that the attenuation of the analgesic effect, tested for in the same animals, was specific to the environment in which repeated injections were given. It was concluded that the attenuation of conditioned taste aversion involved processes different from those responsible for the attenuation of the analgesic effect morphine. Experiment 3 showed that pairing the pre-exposure injections of morphine with one distinctive taste stimulus prevented the attenuation of the conditioned taste aversion to a second taste stimulus. These results suggest that different associative processes are responsible for the two types of attenuation.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is shown that this “modified” matrix measure has most of the properties of the usual matrix measure, and that many of the known applications of theusual matrix measure can be carried over to the modified matrix measure.


Journal ArticleDOI
01 Jun 1978-Networks
TL;DR: The problem of evaluating some basic traffic tormulae is considered here from a computational point of view, based on several newly derived formulae which are ideally suited for extensive computerized network analysis, design and optimization problems.
Abstract: The problem of evaluating some basic traffic tormulae is considered here from a computational point of view. The specific problems include the evaluation of Poisson, Erlang B and Erlang C blocking functions and their associated inverses. Formulae related to Wilkinson's nonrandom traffic theory are also included. The methods presented are simple, efficient and accurate. They are based on several newly derived formulae and are ideally suited for extensive computerized network analysis, design and optimization problems. These methods have been incorporated into the simulator of the Canadian network. This simulator is widely used in analyzing the usage of the network as well as in assessing the impact of changing loads which arise from shifts in the economy, demand or rates.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a new procedure for order reduction based on interpreting the system impulse response (or transfer function) as an input-output map is presented. But it is shown that some existing procedures for system simplification lead to unstable models.
Abstract: New procedures for order reduction, based on interpreting the system impulse response (or transfer function) as an input-output map, are presented. It is shown that some existing procedures for system simplification lead to unstable models.

Journal ArticleDOI
B Frank1, O Mitran1
TL;DR: In this paper, the fourth-order equation is used to provide expressions for the higher-order site-independent correlation functions M2n(n=3,4,5,...) in terms of the two and four-spin correlation function M2 and M4, at the critical point.
Abstract: In a new theory for the spin one-half Ising ferromagnet, the fourth-order equation is used to provide expressions for the higher-order site-independent correlation functions M2n(n=3,4,5,...) in terms of the two- and four-spin correlation functions M2 and M4, at the critical point. As an example, the expression for M6 is M42/M2-9M2M4-6M23. These expressions (for up to M60) are applied to the calculation of Tc for the SC, BCC, and FCC lattices. The results converge to, at most, 0.755, 0.799, and 0.819 respectively, which are within 2/3% of the accepted results 0.752, 0.794, and 0.816 of Sykes et al. (1972).


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This paper investigated 3-, 5-and 7-year-old Tagalog-speaking children's mastery of agent-focus and patient-focus sentence structures in contrast to the usual English developmental pattern with actives and passives.
Abstract: This study investigated 3-, 5- and 7-year-old Tagalog-speaking children's mastery of agent-focus (active) and patient-focus (passive) sentence structures. In contrast to the usual English developmental pattern with actives and passives, the Tagalog children generally showed better mastery of patient-focus sentences than agent-focus sentences. These results were attributed to the children's strategy of interpreting the first noun of a sentence to be the agent of the action. The structure and usage of these sentence types in Tagalog do not appear to provide linguistic pressures favouring such a strategy. Thus these results are consistent with the view that such a strategy might be non-linguistic in origin.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A solution of the matrix equation A k = − I + J , where A is a (0, 1)-matrix is presented.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: An algorithm in which conjugate gradient and quasi-Newton search directions occur together and which can be interpreted as a conjugated gradient algorithm with a changing metric is examined.
Abstract: We wish to examine the conjugate gradient and quasi-Newton minimization algorithms. A relation noted by Nazareth is extended to an algorithm in which conjugate gradient and quasi-Newton search directions occur together and which can be interpreted as a conjugate gradient algorithm with a changing metric.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, an approach to the latter, based on relationships between firms and social interest organizations, is discussed, and a relativistic examination of how society influences corporate practice is discussed.
Abstract: Social responsibility should be studied at two levels: an idealistic assessment of corporate intentions, actions, and impacts, and a relativistic examination of how society influences corporate practice. An approach to the latter, based on relationships between firms and social interest organizations, is discussed.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors analyzed the properties of two estimators proposed by Farebrother (1975) for linear regression models and showed that they are robust to linear regression model errors.
Abstract: In this paper we analyze the properties of two estimators oroposed by Farebrother (1975) for linear regression models.

Book ChapterDOI
01 Jan 1978
TL;DR: The concept of a St Lawrence rift system was first proposed 11 years ago as mentioned in this paper, although the rifts of the water-covered eastern half of this tectonic feature are still largely hypothetical, although the basis for their existence is stronger today than it was eleven years ago.
Abstract: The concept of a St. Lawrence rift system was first proposed 11 years ago. The rifts of the water-covered eastern half of this tectonic feature are still largely hypothetical, although the basis for their existence is stronger today than it was 11 years ago. The rift zones of the western half of the rift system are reasonably well-authenticated. This part of the rift system alone is about 1100 km long.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: For p a prime of the form 8 m ± 3, Karlin and MacWilliams (1972) have constructed some (2 p + 2, p + 1) codes which are the binary images of the extended quadratic residue codes over GF (4).
Abstract: For p a prime of the form 8 m ± 3, Karlin and MacWilliams (1972) have constructed some (2 p + 2, p + 1) codes which are the binary images of the ( p + 1, ( p + 1)/2) extended quadratic residue codes over GF (4). For p a prime of the form 8 m + 3, the (2 p + 2, p + 1) codes are equivalent to the codes proposed by Bhargava et al. (1974). In the related (2 p , p ) quasi-cyclic codes, the numbers of symmetrically placed odd weight words are equal.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It was concluded that learning does not mediate the tolerance which can be developed to a lethal dose of morphine.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a method for analyzing tall framed buildings based on the concept of equivalent elastic membrane is presented, where the elastic properties of the membrane are evaluated taking into account the effects of finite size joints and axial deformations in the columns.
Abstract: A method for analyzing tall framed buildings based on the concept of equivalent elastic membrane is presented. The elastic properties of the membrane are evaluated taking into account the effects of finite size joints and axial deformations in the columns. Floors are assumed to be rigid in plane. The equivalent membrane is then analyzed using two-dimensional plane stress, specially orthotropic finite elements. The displacements thus obtained represent directly those of the actual structure, and the member forces are determined by integrating the corresponding stress components in the membrane. Two multistory multibay frames were analyzed, and the results show that a high degree of accuracy can be obtained with significantly smaller number of unknowns than by the exact and other simplified methods. The present technique can be readily applied to the static and dynamic analysis of tubed structures, clad multistory frames, and shear wall and frames structures.