Showing papers by "Congrès International d'Architecture Moderne published in 2021"

Overview of current adipose-derived stem cell (ADSCs) processing involved in therapeutic advancements: flow chart and regulation updates before and after COVID-19.

Abstract: Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) have raised big interest in therapeutic applications in regenerative medicine and appear to fulfill the criteria for a successful cell therapy. Their low immunogenicity and their ability to self-renew, to differentiate into different tissue-specific progenitors, to migrate into damaged sites, and to act through autocrine and paracrine pathways have been altogether testified as the main mechanisms whereby cell repair and regeneration occur. The absence of standardization protocols in cell management within laboratories or facilities added to the new technologies improved at patient's bedside and the discrepancies in cell outcomes and engraftment increase the limitations on their widespread use by balancing their real benefit versus the patient safety and security. Also, comparisons across pooled patients are particularly difficult in the fact that multiple medical devices are used and there is absence of harmonized assessment assays despite meeting regulations agencies and efficient GMP protocols. Moreover, the emergence of the COVID-19 breakdown added to the complexity of implementing standardization. Cell- and tissue-based therapies are completely dependent on the biological manifestations and parameters associated to and induced by this virus where the scope is still unknown. The initial flow chart identified for stem cell therapies should be reformulated and updated to overcome patient infection and avoid significant variability, thus enabling more patient safety and therapeutic efficiency. The aim of this work is to highlight the major guidelines and differences in ADSC processing meeting the current good manufacturing practices (cGMP) and the cellular therapy-related policies. Specific insights on standardization of ADSCs proceeding at different check points are also presented as a setup for the cord blood and bone marrow.

Impact of control interventions on COVID-19 population dynamics in Malaysia: a mathematical study

Abstract: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has posed a serious threat to both the human health and economy of the affected nations. Despite several control efforts invested in breaking the transmission chain of the disease, there is a rise in the number of reported infected and death cases around the world. Hence, there is the need for a mathematical model that can reliably describe the real nature of the transmission behaviour and control of the disease. This study presents an appropriately developed deterministic compartmental model to investigate the effect of different pharmaceutical (treatment therapies) and non-pharmaceutical (particularly, human personal protection and contact tracing and testing on the exposed individuals) control measures on COVID-19 population dynamics in Malaysia. The data from daily reported cases of COVID-19 between 3 March and 31 December 2020 are used to parameterize the model. The basic reproduction number of the model is estimated. Numerical simulations are carried out to demonstrate the effect of various control combination strategies involving the use of personal protection, contact tracing and testing, and treatment control measures on the disease spread. Numerical simulations reveal that the implementation of each strategy analysed can significantly reduce COVID-19 incidence and prevalence in the population. However, the results of effectiveness analysis suggest that a strategy that combines both the pharmaceutical and non-pharmaceutical control measures averts the highest number of infections in the population.

Skin Immunomodulation during Regeneration: Emerging New Targets

Abstract: Adipose-Derived Stem Cells (ADSC) are present within the hypodermis and are also expected to play a pivotal role in wound healing, immunomodulation, and rejuvenation activities They orchestrate, through their exosome, the mechanisms associated to cell differentiation, proliferation, and cell migration by upregulating genes implicated in different functions including skin barrier, immunomodulation, cell proliferation, and epidermal regeneration ADSCs directly interact with their microenvironment and specifically the immune cells, including macrophages and T and B cells, resulting in differential inflammatory and anti-inflammatory mechanisms impacting, in return, ADSCs microenvironment and thus skin function These useful features of ADSCs are involved in tissue repair, where the required cell proliferation, angiogenesis, and anti-inflammatory responses should occur rapidly in damaged sites Different pathways involved have been reported such as Growth Differentiation Factor-11 (GDF11), Tumor Growth Factor (TGF)-β, Metalloproteinase (MMP), microRNA, and inflammatory cytokines that might serve as specific biomarkers of their immunomodulating capacity In this review, we try to highlight ADSCs' network and explore the potential indicators of their immunomodulatory effect in skin regeneration and aging Assessment of these biomarkers might be useful and should be considered when designing new clinical therapies using ADSCs or their specific exosomes focusing on their immunomodulation activity

Evaluating the Presence and Contents of Phytochemicals in Honey Samples: Phenolic Compounds as Indicators to Identify Their Botanical Origin

Abstract: Honey is a natural product well known for its beneficial properties. It contains phytochemicals, a wide class of nutraceuticals found in plants, including compounds with highly demonstrated antimicrobial and antioxidant capacities as phenolic compounds and flavonoids. The main goal of this work is the development of a miniaturized and environmentally friendly methodology to obtain the phenolic profile of Galician honeys (Northwest Spain) from different varieties such as honeydew, chestnut, eucalyptus, heather, blackberry and multi-floral. The total phenolic content (TPC) and antioxidant activity (AA) were also evaluated. As regards sample preparation, miniaturized vortex (VE) and ultrasound assisted extraction (UAE) employing aqueous-based solvents were performed. Individual quantification of 41 target phenolic compounds was carried out by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Results revealed the presence of 25 phenolic compounds in the 91 analyzed samples, reaching concentrations up to 252 µg g−1. Statistical tools such as analysis of variance (ANOVA) and principal component analysis (PCA) were employed to obtain models that allowed classifying the different honeys according to their botanical origin. Obtained results, based on TPC, AA and ∑phenolic compounds showed that significant differences appeared depending on the honey variety, being several of the identified phenol compounds being responsible of the main differentiation.

Features of Heat Treatment the Ti-6Al-4V GTD Blades Manufactured by DLD Additive Technology.

Abstract: Additive manufacturing of titanium alloys is one of the fastest growing areas of 3D metal printing. The use of AM methods for parts production in the aviation industry is especially promising. During the deposition of products with differently sized cross-sections, the thermal history changes, which leads to non-uniformity of the structure and properties. Such heterogeneity can lead to failure of the product during operation. The structure of deposited parts, depending on the thermal cycle, may consist of α’, α + α’ + β’, and α + β in different ratios. This problem can be solved by using heat treatment (HT). This paper presents research aimed towards the determination of optimal heat treatment parameters that allows the reception of the uniform formation of properties in the after-treatment state, regardless of the initial structure and properties, using the example of a deposited Ti-6Al-4V gas turbine blade.

Miniaturized active air sampling method for the analysis of tire rubber pollutants from indoor and outdoor places.

Abstract: An effective, quick and sustainable air analysis method was developed to analyse 41 volatiles and semi volatile organic compounds present in tire rubber and crumb rubber materials The proposed method, based on active sampling using a sorbent material followed by an ultrasound assisted extraction, was developed with the aim of obtaining a fast and simple procedure to determine polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, plasticizers, antioxidants and vulcanisation agents in air A small amount of sorbent (25 mg) was used, and the analytes were recovered in only 1 mL of solvent An experimental design was applied to study the influence of main factors such as type of sorbent and type of solvent, extraction technique (ultrasound assisted extraction and vortex extraction), extraction time, as well as the factor interactions Under optimal conditions, no breakthrough occurs in the studied interval (up to 4 m3 ) Linearity was demonstrated in a wide concentration range Accuracy of the total sampling-extraction analysis was evaluated obtaining satisfactory recoveries as well as good precision The method was successfully applied to different outdoor and indoor air environments, including a recycled rubber synthetic turf football pitch This article is protected by copyright All rights reserved

High performance of a novel point-of-care blood test for Toxoplasma infection in women from diverse regions of Morocco.

Abstract: Point-of-care (POC) testing for Toxoplasma infection has the potential to revolutionize diagnosis and management of toxoplasmosis, especially in high-risk populations in areas with significant envi...

Occurrence of Fungicides in Vineyard and the Surrounding Environment.

Abstract: Seventeen fungicides were determined in different matrices from vineyard areas, including vine leaves, soils, grapes and water, using gas chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS). For leaf analysis, ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) was performed evaluating different solvents. UAE was compared with other extraction techniques such as vortex extraction (VE) and matrix solid-phase dispersion (MSPD). The performance of the UAE method was demonstrated on vine leaf samples and on other types of samples such as tea leaves, underlining its general suitability for leaf crops. As regards other matrices, soils were analyzed by UAE and microwave-assisted extraction (MAE), grapes by UAE and waters by SPE using cork as the sorbent. The proposed method was applied to 17 grape leaf samples in which 14 of the target fungicides were detected at concentrations up to 1000 μg g−1. Furthermore, the diffusion and transport of fungicides was demonstrated not only in crops but also in environmental matrices.

On-farm assessment of the sustainability of small-scale dairy systems with three methods based on indicators

Abstract: Small-scale dairy systems are important contributors to national milk supplies in many areas of the world, and an option to ameliorate rural poverty in developing countries. In Mexico, they comprise over 78% of dairy farms. These systems must be sustainable in order to persist in the future. By applying several methods to assess the sustainability of farms, valuable information is collected on the practical, operational, and systemic requirements, as well as an insight into the difficulties in the use of each tool in practice. The objective was to assess the sustainability of small-scale dairy systems during the rainy season. Three methods were compared (IDEA, RISE, and SAFA) to evaluate their ability to deal with such systems in the Mexican context. Ten small-scale dairy farms were assessed from June to November 2018. Monthly semi-structured interviews were applied to collect economic, social, and environmental information. The three methods met criteria for on-farm assessments, with no large differences among them. The IDEA method was more applicable in the context of small-scale dairy systems because its indicators may be collected on-farm and were easy to measure. RISE requires more specialized technical information not always available at the small-scale farm level, and SAFA covered the largest number of indicators but is better suited for large-scale systems. The IDEA and RISE methods are adequate tools to assess the sustainability of small-scale dairy systems. The mean overall sustainability score over the three methods for the 10 assessed farms was 55.3±5.7 over 100. This medium level of sustainability indicates areas of opportunity to enhance the sustainability of small-scale dairy systems.

Experimental Studies of Temperature-Controlled Discharge Characteristics and Calculation of the Heat Generation Rate of NMC Type Battery Cells

Abstract: The results of temperature-controlled discharge tests of NMC type battery cells of standard size 18,650 are presented. A mathematical model of heat generation rate in a battery cell during its discharge is proposed and substantiated in terms of thermodynamics. Based on the model and test results, it is shown that the optimal energy efficiency is the cell discharge mode at a temperature of 55 °C.

Compressibility Effectsy in One-Equation Turbulence Models

Abstract: The one-equation turbulence models by Spalart and Allmaras (SA) and Sekundov et al. (Nut-92) are tested against two compressible two-dimensional flows, namely, the turbulent flat-plate boundary layer at zero pressure gradient and the mixing layer. The boundary layer (BL) approximation is applied to the system of Reynolds equations (RANS). The BL results obtained are compared with the available RANS results and the results of direct numerical simulation (DNS). The modified Nut-92m model proposed predicts the characteristics of the turbulent flat-plate boundary layer at zero pressure gradient more accurately than the Nut-92 and SA models.

Estimating completeness of foodborne disease registration in North West Morocco

Abstract: This study aims to estimate the total number of poisoning cases and completeness of foodborne disease surveillance in the region of Tanger-Tetouan-Al Hoceima in North West Morocco. This retrospective study was conducted to assess the completeness of food poisoning surveillance system in the Tanger-Tetouan-Al Hoceima region over a three-year period from January 1, 2014 to December 31, 2016. The data used for this study were obtained from two sources, including the national poisoning database of the Moroccan Poison Control Center (MPCC) and provincial hospital registries in the study area. The completeness of foodborne disease reporting was estimated using the capture-recapture method. During the study period, 235 cases of foodborne diseases were reported to the Moroccan Poison Control Center, 725 cases were notified to the provincial hospital registries and 98 cases were common to both sources. The estimated total number of poisoning cases was 1,739 (95% CI: 1,494-1,983). The completeness of foodborne disease surveillance for the national database of poisoning and hospital registries was estimated to be 13.5% and 41.7%, respectively. Improvement of the completeness of poisoning surveillance system is needed to estimate the true incidence of poisoning in Morocco.