Conservatoire national des arts et métiers

About: Conservatoire national des arts et métiers is a education organization based out in Paris, France. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing. The organization has 3573 authors who have published 7127 publications receiving 141430 citations. The organization is also known as: CNAM & Conservatoire des arts et métiers.

International publication trends in dry eye disease research: A bibliometric analysis

Abstract: Purpose To perform a bibliometric analysis in the field of dry eye disease (DED) research to characterize the current international status of DED research and to identify the most effective actors (journals, countries, authors) involved in this field. Methods Scientometric methods were used to evaluate global scientific production and development trends in DED research, using the Web of Science Core Collection. Results The growth of the literature related to DED averaged 12.18% over the last 10 years. A total of 5522 original and review articles, published in 821 different journals, were identified. The USA was the most productive country with 34.53% of the overall articles studied and 46.10% of the overall citations. The Ocular Surface published a very high percentage of articles related to DED relative to the total number of articles published (31.87%). The most productive institutions and the most frequently cited articles were from the USA and Japan. A network visualization map for country collaboration revealed that most European countries developed most of their collaborations with countries belonging to their own continent, which was not the case for the USA or Japan. A total of 41,956 KeyWords Plus were found with an average of 7.6 (SD = 3.15) KeyWords Plus per article. Conclusions This study provides a broad view of the current status and trends in DED research and may help clinicians, researchers and policy makers better understand this research field and predict its dynamic directions.

Influence of fluoroquinolone consumption in inpatients and outpatients on ciprofloxacin-resistant Escherichia coli in a university hospital

Abstract: Background The increase in fluoroquinolone-resistant Escherichia coli has raised the issue of treatment failure in common infections. Few studies have investigated the possible relationship between outpatient fluoroquinolone consumption and resistance in hospital. Objective To investigate the relationship between inpatient and outpatient fluoroquinolone use and ciprofloxacin-resistant E. coli in a teaching hospital. Methods An ecological study was conducted in Toulouse University Hospital and its surrounding area, the Midi-Pyrenees region (south-western France), in 2004-07. Dynamic regression models were built to study how the hospital resistance rate was linearly related to current and past values of fluoroquinolone consumption. Resistance forecasts for 2008 were then calculated and compared with actual rates for the first 5 months of the year. Results Mean resistance rate was 13.7% and mean fluoroquinolone use was 89.9 defined daily doses (DDDs)/1000 inpatient days in hospital and 2.6 DDDs/1000 inhabitants/day in the region. Taking into account past values of fluoroquinolone consumption in hospital and in outpatients, only levofloxacin use in the community remained significantly associated with resistance in hospital, with a lag of 12 months. This model explained 50% of the resistance variability. Conclusions This ecological analysis, conducted on a teaching hospital scale, suggests that ciprofloxacin resistance in E. coli in hospital is linked to consumption of fluoroquinolones within the hospital and its surrounding community. Among all fluoroquinolones, levofloxacin use was found to be the most important factor. Consumption in outpatients appears to be a relevant determinant to consider in designing interventions to reduce resistance in hospitals.