Conservatoire national des arts et métiers

About: Conservatoire national des arts et métiers is a education organization based out in Paris, France. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Context (language use). The organization has 3573 authors who have published 7127 publications receiving 141430 citations. The organization is also known as: CNAM & Conservatoire des arts et métiers.

The Etienne Grandjean Memorial Lecture Situated cognition and action: implications for ergonomic work analysis and anthropotechnology

Abstract: After a short history of the study of work activities, the methodology of Ergonomic Work Analysis (EWA) is described and the diversity of practices is underlined. The methodology of analysis of activities involves exhaustive checks of the behaviour of operators in critical situations and confronts the operator with his own behaviour in order to obtain pertinent explanations and evoke the cognitive unconscious. Ethnological work may constitute a contribution as regards the choice of the operator(s) whose behaviour is the most significant for the problem posed. In the same way, ethnologists using recording tools that are similar to those of ergonomists offer interesting frameworks for discussion of the qualities of these tools and the posture and balance aspects of behaviour. Moreover, interpersonal communications lead to beneficial exchanges with the ethnographic experience. Although the American school of situated cognition (cognitive and psychological anthropology) is very useful to know for act...

Non-linear behaviour of free-edge shallow spherical shells: Effect of the geometry

Abstract: Non-linear vibrations of free-edge shallow spherical shells are investigated, in order to predict the trend of non-linearity (hardening/softening behaviour) for each mode of the shell, as a function of its geometry. The analog for thin shallow shells of von Karman's theory for large deflection of plates is used. The main difficulty in predicting the trend of non-linearity relies in the truncation used for the analysis of the partial differential equations (PDEs) of motion. Here, non-linear normal modes through real normal form theory are used. This formalism allows deriving the analytical expression of the coefficient governing the trend of non-linearity. The variation of this coefficient with respect to the geometry of the shell (radius of curvature R, thickness h and outer diameter 2 a) is then numerically computed, for axisymmetric as well as asymmetric modes. Plates (obtained as R → ∞) are known to display a hardening behaviour, whereas shells generally behave in a softening way. The transition between these two types of non-linearity is clearly studied, and the specific role of 2:1 internal resonances in this process is clarified. © 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Different Formulations for Solving the Heaviest K-Subgraph Problem

Abstract: We consider the heaviest k-subgraph problem (HSP), ie determine a block of k nodes of a weighted graph (of n nodes) such that the total edge weight within the subgraph induced by the block is max