Institution
Conservatoire national des arts et métiers
Education•Paris, France•
About: Conservatoire national des arts et métiers is a education organization based out in Paris, France. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing. The organization has 3573 authors who have published 7127 publications receiving 141430 citations. The organization is also known as: CNAM & Conservatoire des arts et métiers.
Topics: Population, Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing, Petri net, Finite element method, Context (language use)
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
More filters
••
14 Jun 2020TL;DR: PhyDNet is introduced, a two-branch deep architecture, which explicitly disentangles PDE dynamics from unknown complementary information, and a new recurrent physical cell (PhyCell) is proposed, inspired from data assimilation techniques, for performing PDE-constrained prediction in latent space.
Abstract: Leveraging physical knowledge described by partial differential equations (PDEs) is an appealing way to improve unsupervised video forecasting models. Since physics is too restrictive for describing the full visual content of generic video sequences, we introduce PhyDNet, a two-branch deep architecture, which explicitly disentangles PDE dynamics from unknown complementary information. A second contribution is to propose a new recurrent physical cell (PhyCell), inspired from data assimilation techniques, for performing PDE-constrained prediction in latent space. Extensive experiments conducted on four various datasets show the ability of PhyDNet to outperform state-of-the-art methods. Ablation studies also highlight the important gain brought out by both disentanglement and PDE-constrained prediction. Finally, we show that PhyDNet presents interesting features for dealing with missing data and long-term forecasting.
160 citations
••
TL;DR: Point mutations can frequently trigger folded proteins to self-assemble into higher-order structures and this potential is counterbalanced by negative selection and can be exploited to design nanomaterials in living cells.
Abstract: Introducing a single ‘sticky’ (hydrophobic) amino acid by point mutation into symmetric protein complexes frequently triggers their association into higher-order assemblies, without affecting their native fold and structure. The self-association of proteins into symmetric complexes is functionally useful in countless biological processes, but can make proteins prone to forming harmful fibrils. Focusing on a dozen distinct symmetric protein complexes from Escherichia coli, Emmanuel Levy and colleagues show that introducing a single 'sticky' (hydrophobic) amino acid by mutation is generally sufficient to trigger the formation of higher order assemblies, without affecting the native fold and structure. The authors identify 'hot spots' for such sticky interfaces in protein databases and show that evolution has surrounded those with hydrophilic residues, thus buffering the formation of higher-order aggregates. The results have implications in the study of disease-causing mutations and protein evolution. In addition, controlled point mutations could be considered in the design of bio-materials. The self-association of proteins into symmetric complexes is ubiquitous in all kingdoms of life1,2,3,4,5,6. Symmetric complexes possess unique geometric and functional properties, but their internal symmetry can pose a risk. In sickle-cell disease, the symmetry of haemoglobin exacerbates the effect of a mutation, triggering assembly into harmful fibrils7. Here we examine the universality of this mechanism and its relation to protein structure geometry. We introduced point mutations solely designed to increase surface hydrophobicity among 12 distinct symmetric complexes from Escherichia coli. Notably, all responded by forming supramolecular assemblies in vitro, as well as in vivo upon heterologous expression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Remarkably, in four cases, micrometre-long fibrils formed in vivo in response to a single point mutation. Biophysical measurements and electron microscopy revealed that mutants self-assembled in their folded states and so were not amyloid-like. Structural examination of 73 mutants identified supramolecular assembly hot spots predictable by geometry. A subsequent structural analysis of 7,471 symmetric complexes showed that geometric hot spots were buffered chemically by hydrophilic residues, suggesting a mechanism preventing mis-assembly of these regions. Thus, point mutations can frequently trigger folded proteins to self-assemble into higher-order structures. This potential is counterbalanced by negative selection and can be exploited to design nanomaterials in living cells.
160 citations
••
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors propose a rationale and research agenda for applied psychologists and career development professionals to contribute to the many challenges related to human rights and decent work, including a rise of unemployment, underemployment and precarious work across the globe.
Abstract: Building on new developments in the psychology of working framework (PWF) and psychology of working theory (PWT), this article proposes a rationale and research agenda for applied psychologists and career development professionals to contribute to the many challenges related to human rights and decent work. Recent and ongoing changes in the world are contributing to a significant loss of decent work, including a rise of unemployment, underemployment, and precarious work across the globe. By failing to satisfy human needs for economic survival, social connection, and self-determination, the loss of decent work undermines individual and societal well-being, particularly for marginalized groups and those without highly marketable skills. Informed by innovations in the PWF/PWT, we offer exemplary research agendas that focus on examining the psychological meaning and impact of economic and social protections, balancing caregiving work and market work, making work more just, and enhancing individual capacities ...
159 citations
••
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors presented an overview of the evolution of the Nile deep-sea turbidite system during the last 200 kyr, over a series of glacial to interglacial cycles.
Abstract: This paper presents an overview of the evolution of the Nile deep-sea turbidite system during the last 200 kyr, over a series of glacial to interglacial cycles. Six individual deep-sea fans were identified from an extensive field data set. Each fan comprises a canyon, channel system and terminal lobes. Two of these fan systems were possibly active at the same time, at least during some periods. Large-scale slope failures destroyed channel segments and caused the formation of new submarine fan systems. These slope failures thus played an important role in the overall evolution of the turbidite system. During the last glacial maximum (ca 25 to 14·8 ka) the central and eastern parts of the Nile deep-sea turbidite system were relatively inactive. This inactivity corresponds to a lowstand in sea-level, and a period of arid climate and relatively low sediment discharge from the Nile fluvial system. Rapid accumulation of fluvial flood-derived deposits occurred across the shallower part of the submarine delta during sea-level rise between ca 14·8 and 5 ka. The most recent deep-sea channel–lobe system was very active during this period of rising sea-level, which is also associated with a wetter continental climate and increased sediment and water discharge from the Nile. Increased sediment deposition in shallower water areas led to occasional large-scale slope failure. The Nile deep-sea turbidite system was largely inactive after ca 5 ka. This widespread inactivity is due to retreat of the coastline away from the continental shelf break, and to a more arid continental climate and reduced discharge of sediment from the Nile. The Nile deep-sea turbidite system may be more active during periods of rising and high sea-level associated with wetter climates, than during lowstands, and may rapidly become largely inactive during highstands in sea-level coupled with arid periods. These acute responses to climate change have produced sedimentary/stratigraphic features that diverge from traditional sequence models in their nature and timing. This large-scale sedimentary system responded to monsoon-driven climate change and sea-level change in a system-wide and contemporaneous manner.
157 citations
••
TL;DR: The relatively low IAR observed in an area where SARS-CoV-2 actively circulated weeks before confinement measures indicates that establishing herd immunity will take time, and that lifting these measures in France will be long and complex.
Abstract: Background: The Oise department in France has been heavily affected by COVID-19 in early 2020.
Methods: Between 30 March and 4 April 2020, we conducted a retrospective closed cohort study among
pupils, their parents and siblings, as well as teachers and non-teaching staff of a high-school located in
Oise. Participants completed a questionnaire that covered history of fever and/or respiratory symptoms
since 13 January 2020 and had blood tested for the presence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. The
infection attack rate (IAR) was defined as the proportion of participants with confirmed SARS-CoV-2
infection based on antibody detection. Blood samples from two blood donor centres collected between
23 and 27 March 2020 in the Oise department were also tested for presence of anti-SARS-CoV-2
antibodies.
Findings: Of the 661 participants (median age: 37 years), 171 participants had anti-SARS-CoV-2
antibodies. The overall IAR was 25.9% (95% confidence interval (CI) = 22.6-29.4), and the infection
fatality rate was 0% (one-sided 97.5% CI = 0 - 2.1). Nine of the ten participants hospitalised since midJanuary were in the infected group, giving a hospitalisation rate of 5.3% (95% CI = 2.4 –9.8). Anosmia and ageusia had high positive predictive values for SARS-CoV-2 infection (84.7% and 88.1%,
respectively). Smokers had a lower IAR compared to non-smokers (7.2% versus 28.0%, P <0.001). The
proportion of infected individuals who had no symptoms during the study period was 17.0% (95% CI =
11.2 – 23.4). The proportion of donors with anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in two nearby blood banks
of the Oise department was 3.0% (95% CI = 1.1 - 6.4).
Interpretation: The relatively low IAR observed in an area where SARS-CoV-2 actively circulated
weeks before confinement measures indicates that establishing herd immunity will take time, and that
lifting these measures in France will be long and complex.
157 citations
Authors
Showing all 3635 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Joshua A. Salomon | 107 | 435 | 124708 |
Serge Hercberg | 106 | 942 | 56791 |
Pilar Galan | 97 | 628 | 46782 |
Patrice Simon | 89 | 264 | 66332 |
Yuh-Shan Ho | 80 | 346 | 48242 |
Pierre-Louis Taberna | 68 | 209 | 34293 |
J. David Spence | 67 | 399 | 17671 |
Mathilde Touvier | 65 | 321 | 31586 |
Sébastien Czernichow | 64 | 274 | 14654 |
Emmanuelle Kesse-Guyot | 57 | 338 | 10914 |
Valentin Petrov | 54 | 743 | 12127 |
Sandrine Bertrais | 53 | 169 | 9618 |
Paco Bustamante | 52 | 295 | 9136 |
Khaled Ezzedine | 50 | 313 | 8939 |
Arnaud Fontanet | 50 | 204 | 11964 |