Conservatoire national des arts et métiers

About: Conservatoire national des arts et métiers is a education organization based out in Paris, France. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing. The organization has 3573 authors who have published 7127 publications receiving 141430 citations. The organization is also known as: CNAM & Conservatoire des arts et métiers.

Acoustic thermometry: new results from 273 K to 77 K and progress towards 4 K

Abstract: We used a quasi-spherical cavity as an acoustic and microwave resonator to measure the thermodynamic temperatures, T, of the triple points of equilibrium hydrogen, neon, argon and mercury and to measure the difference T − T90, in the range 7 K to 273 K. (T90 is the temperature on the International Temperature Scale of 1990 (ITS-90).) In the range 7 K to 24.5 K, our preliminary values of T − T90 agree with recent results from dielectric-constant gas thermometry and achieve uncertainties that are comparable to or smaller than those achievable using the interpolating constant volume gas thermometer as currently defined on the ITS-90. In the range 90 K to 273 K, the present results for T − T90 obtained using a helium-filled, copper-walled, quasi-spherical cavity agree with earlier results obtained using argon-filled, steel-walled or aluminium-walled, spherical cavities. The agreement confirms our understanding of both acoustic and microwave cavity resonators and demonstrates that resonators function as primary thermometers spanning wide temperature ranges. The mutually consistent acoustic thermometry data from several laboratories imply that the values of (T − T90)/T90 are 5 times larger than the uncertainty of T/T90 near 150 K and near 400 K. They also imply that the derivative dT/dT90 is too large by approximately 10−4 near 273.16 K and that dT/dT90 has a discontinuity of 4 × 10−5 at 273.16 K.

Cross-Modal Retrieval in the Cooking Context: Learning Semantic Text-Image Embeddings

Abstract: Designing powerful tools that support cooking activities has rapidly gained popularity due to the massive amounts of available data, as well as recent advances in machine learning that are capable of analyzing them. In this paper, we propose a cross-modal retrieval model aligning visual and textual data (like pictures of dishes and their recipes) in a shared representation space. We describe an effective learning scheme, capable of tackling large-scale problems, and validate it on the Recipe1M dataset containing nearly 1 million picture-recipe pairs. We show the effectiveness of our approach regarding previous state-of-the-art models and present qualitative results over computational cooking use cases.

New Shear Actuated Smart Structure Beam Finite Element

Abstract: We present the formulation and validation of a new adaptive sandwich-beam finite element, capable of dealing with either extension or shear actuation mechanisms, which is reached by coating an elastic core with piezoelectric sheets or sandwiching a piezoelectric core between two elastic faces. The poling direction is taken parallel to the transversely applied electric field for the first mechanism and in the axial direction for the second one. The sandwich construction is made of asymmetric thin faces (Euler-Bernoulli beams) and a relatively thick core (Timoshenko beam). The obtained two-node finite element has only four mechanical degrees of freedom that are the deflection and its derivative and the mean and relative axial displacements of the faces midplanes. Finite element analysis of segmented and continuous cantilever adaptive sandwich beams with active faces (extension actuated) or core (shear actuated) show good comparisons with results found in the Iiterature, Additional parametric studies (actuator's position and thickness, structure's stiffness) with the present element indicate that the shear actuation mechanism presents several promising features over the conventional extension actuation mechanism. In fact, the shear actuation mechanism is better than the extension one for stiff structures and thick piezoelectric actuators.

Suppression of HIV-1 replication by microRNA effectors.

Abstract: The rate of HIV-1 gene expression is a key step that determines the kinetics of virus spread and AIDS progression. Viral entry and gene expression were described to be the key determinants for cell permissiveness to HIV. Recent reports highlighted the involvement of miRNA in regulating HIV-1 replication post-transcriptionally. In this study we explored the role of cellular factors required for miRNA-mediated mRNA translational inhibition in regulating HIV-1 gene expression. Here we show that HIV-1 mRNAs associate and co-localize with components of the RNA Induced Silencing Complex (RISC), and we characterize some of the proteins required for miRNA-mediated silencing (miRNA effectors). RCK/p54, GW182, LSm-1 and XRN1 negatively regulate HIV-1 gene expression by preventing viral mRNA association with polysomes. Interestingly, knockdown of RCK/p54 or DGCR8 resulted in virus reactivation in PBMCs isolated from HIV infected patients treated with suppressive HAART.