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Cooperative Research Centre

About: Cooperative Research Centre is a based out in . It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Sea ice. The organization has 7633 authors who have published 8607 publications receiving 429721 citations.


Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a Monte Carlo procedure was used to randomly stack various numbers of bands into thousands of separate image combinations that were then classified using an ML algorithm, and 95% of the accuracy attained using n = 30p samples could be achieved by using approximately 2p to 4p samples, or ≤ 1/7th the currently recommended value of n.

170 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Rates of AR and multiple-AR among isolates from surface water sites adjacent to wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) discharge sites were significantly higher than those among other isolates, whereas the rate of AR among isolate from oysters exposed to WWTP discharges was low.
Abstract: The antibiotic resistance (AR) patterns of 462 Escherichia coli isolates from wastewater, surface waters, and oysters were determined. Rates of AR and multiple-AR among isolates from surface water sites adjacent to wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) discharge sites were significantly higher (P < 0.05) than those among other isolates, whereas the rate of AR among isolates from oysters exposed to WWTP discharges was low (<10%).

170 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
02 Jun 2011-Nature
TL;DR: The identification of this fjord landscape, based on new data from ice-penetrating radar, provides an improved understanding of the topography of the Aurora Subglacial Basin and its surroundings, and reveals a complex surface sculpted by a succession of ice-sheet configurations substantially different from today's.
Abstract: The East Antarctic ice sheet has played a fundamental part in modulating climate and sea level during the past 30 million years. Understanding its history is crucial to evaluating its future behaviour and response to global warming. Airborne ice-penetrating radar studies now reveal a fjord-like landscape beneath several kilometres of ice in the East Antarctic Aurora subglacial basin. The data confirm, and provide a new constraint on, the magnitude and dynamics of the oscillations of the East Antarctic ice sheet during the late Cenozoic, which had previously been supported only by marine cores. The first Cenozoic ice sheets initiated in Antarctica from the Gamburtsev Subglacial Mountains1 and other highlands as a result of rapid global cooling ∼34 million years ago2. In the subsequent 20 million years, at a time of declining atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations2 and an evolving Antarctic circumpolar current2, sedimentary sequence interpretation3 and numerical modelling4 suggest that cyclical periods of ice-sheet expansion to the continental margin, followed by retreat to the subglacial highlands, occurred up to thirty times. These fluctuations were paced by orbital changes and were a major influence on global sea levels5. Ice-sheet models show that the nature of such oscillations is critically dependent on the pattern and extent of Antarctic topographic lowlands. Here we show that the basal topography of the Aurora Subglacial Basin of East Antarctica, at present overlain by 2–4.5 km of ice, is characterized by a series of well-defined topographic channels within a mountain block landscape. The identification of this fjord landscape, based on new data from ice-penetrating radar, provides an improved understanding of the topography of the Aurora Subglacial Basin and its surroundings, and reveals a complex surface sculpted by a succession of ice-sheet configurations substantially different from today’s. At different stages during its fluctuations, the edge of the East Antarctic Ice Sheet lay pinned along the margins of the Aurora Subglacial Basin, the upland boundaries of which are currently above sea level and the deepest parts of which are more than 1 km below sea level. Although the timing of the channel incision remains uncertain, our results suggest that the fjord landscape was carved by at least two iceflow regimes of different scales and directions, each of which would have over-deepened existing topographic depressions, reversing valley floor slopes.

170 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Ten, widely-used vegetation indices, based on mathematical combinations of narrow-band optical reflectance measurements in the visible/near infrared wavelength range were evaluated for their ability to discriminate leaves of 1 month old wheat plants infected with yellow (stripe), leaf and stem rust.
Abstract: Ten, widely-used vegetation indices (VIs), based on mathematical combinations of narrow-band optical reflectance measurements in the visible/near infrared wavelength range were evaluated for their ability to discriminate leaves of 1 month old wheat plants infected with yellow (stripe), leaf and stem rust. Narrow band indices representing changes in non-chlorophyll pigment concentration and the ratio of non-chlorophyll to chlorophyll pigments proved more reliable in discriminating rust infected leaves from healthy plant tissue. Yellow rust produced the strongest response in all the calculated indices when compared to healthy leaves. No single index was capable of discriminating all three rust species from each other. However the sequential application of the Anthocyanin Reflectance Index to separate healthy, yellow and mixed stem rust/leaf rust classes followed by the Transformed Chlorophyll Absorption and Reflectance Index to separate leaf and stem rust classes would provide for the required species discrimination under laboratory conditions and thus could form the basis of rust species discrimination in wheat under field conditions.

170 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors describe the methodology developed for, and results and associated uncertainties derived from, a landscape-scale emissions abatement project in fire-prone western Arnhem Land, northern Australia.
Abstract: Although biomass burning of savannas is recognised as a major global source of greenhouse gas emissions, quantification remains problematic with resulting regional emissions estimates often differing markedly. Here we undertake a critical assessment of Australia’s National Greenhouse Gas Inventory (NGGI) savanna burning emissions methodology. We describe the methodology developed for, and results and associated uncertainties derived from, a landscape-scale emissions abatement project in fire-prone western Arnhem Land, northern Australia. The methodology incorporates (i) detailed fire history and vegetation structure and fuels type mapping derived from satellite imagery; (ii) field-based assessments of fuel load accumulation, burning efficiencies (patchiness, combustion efficiency, ash retention) and N : C composition; and (iii) application of standard, regionally derived emission factors. Importantly, this refined methodology differs from the NGGI by incorporation of fire seasonality and severity components, and substantial improvements in baseline data. We consider how the application of a fire management program aimed at shifting the seasonality of burning (from one currently dominated by extensive late dry season wildfires to one where strategic fire management is undertaken earlier in the year) can provide significant project-based emissions abatement. The approach has wider application to fire-prone savanna systems dominated by anthropogenic sources of ignition.

169 citations


Authors

Showing all 7633 results

NameH-indexPapersCitations
Eric N. Olson206814144586
Nicholas G. Martin1921770161952
Grant W. Montgomery157926108118
Paul Mitchell146137895659
James Whelan12878689180
Shaobin Wang12687252463
Graham D. Farquhar12436875181
Jie Jin Wang12071954587
Christos Pantelis12072356374
John J. McGrath120791124804
David B. Lindenmayer11995459129
Ashley I. Bush11656057009
Yong-Guan Zhu11568446973
Ary A. Hoffmann11390755354
David A. Hume11357359932
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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers from the Institution in previous years
YearPapers
202211
2021243
2020284
2019300
2018327
2017419