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Showing papers by "Cranfield University published in 2012"


Book ChapterDOI
Wil M. P. van der Aalst1, Wil M. P. van der Aalst2, A Arya Adriansyah1, Ana Karla Alves de Medeiros3, Franco Arcieri4, Thomas Baier5, Tobias Blickle6, Jagadeesh Chandra Bose1, Peter van den Brand, Ronald Brandtjen, Joos C. A. M. Buijs1, Andrea Burattin7, Josep Carmona8, Malu Castellanos9, Jan Claes10, Jonathan Cook11, Nicola Costantini, Francisco Curbera12, Ernesto Damiani13, Massimiliano de Leoni1, Pavlos Delias, Boudewijn F. van Dongen1, Marlon Dumas14, Schahram Dustdar15, Dirk Fahland1, Diogo R. Ferreira16, Walid Gaaloul17, Frank van Geffen18, Sukriti Goel19, CW Christian Günther, Antonella Guzzo20, Paul Harmon, Arthur H. M. ter Hofstede1, Arthur H. M. ter Hofstede2, John Hoogland, Jon Espen Ingvaldsen, Koki Kato21, Rudolf Kuhn, Akhil Kumar22, Marcello La Rosa2, Fabrizio Maria Maggi1, Donato Malerba23, RS Ronny Mans1, Alberto Manuel, Martin McCreesh, Paola Mello24, Jan Mendling25, Marco Montali26, Hamid Reza Motahari-Nezhad9, Michael zur Muehlen27, Jorge Munoz-Gama8, Luigi Pontieri28, Joel Ribeiro1, A Anne Rozinat, Hugo Seguel Pérez, Ricardo Seguel Pérez, Marcos Sepúlveda29, Jim Sinur, Pnina Soffer30, Minseok Song31, Alessandro Sperduti7, Giovanni Stilo4, Casper Stoel, Keith D. Swenson21, Maurizio Talamo4, Wei Tan12, Christopher Turner32, Jan Vanthienen33, George Varvaressos, Eric Verbeek1, Marc Verdonk34, Roberto Vigo, Jianmin Wang35, Barbara Weber36, Matthias Weidlich37, Ton Weijters1, Lijie Wen35, Michael Westergaard1, Moe Thandar Wynn2 
01 Jan 2012
TL;DR: This manifesto hopes to serve as a guide for software developers, scientists, consultants, business managers, and end-users to increase the maturity of process mining as a new tool to improve the design, control, and support of operational business processes.
Abstract: Process mining techniques are able to extract knowledge from event logs commonly available in today’s information systems. These techniques provide new means to discover, monitor, and improve processes in a variety of application domains. There are two main drivers for the growing interest in process mining. On the one hand, more and more events are being recorded, thus, providing detailed information about the history of processes. On the other hand, there is a need to improve and support business processes in competitive and rapidly changing environments. This manifesto is created by the IEEE Task Force on Process Mining and aims to promote the topic of process mining. Moreover, by defining a set of guiding principles and listing important challenges, this manifesto hopes to serve as a guide for software developers, scientists, consultants, business managers, and end-users. The goal is to increase the maturity of process mining as a new tool to improve the (re)design, control, and support of operational business processes.

1,135 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This paper presents a review of the latest research activities and gives an overview of the state of the art in understanding changes in machine tool performance due to changes in thermal conditions (thermal errors of machine tools).

598 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The authors assessed the projected impacts of climate change on the yield of eight major crops in Africa and South Asia using a systematic review and meta-analysis of data in 52 original publications from an initial screen of 1144 studies.
Abstract: Climate change is a serious threat to crop productivity in regions that are already food insecure. We assessed the projected impacts of climate change on the yield of eight major crops in Africa and South Asia using a systematic review and meta-analysis of data in 52 original publications from an initial screen of 1144 studies. Here we show that the projected mean change in yield of all crops is 8% by the 2050s in both regions. Across Africa, mean yield changes of 17% (wheat), 5% (maize), 15% (sorghum) and 10% (millet) and across South Asia of 16% (maize) and 11% (sorghum) were estimated. No mean change in yield was detected for rice. The limited number of studies identified for cassava, sugarcane and yams precluded any opportunity to conduct a meta-analysis for these crops. Variation about the projected mean yield change for all crops was smaller in studies that used an ensemble of >3 climate (GCM) models. Conversely, complex simulation studies that used biophysical crop models showed the greatest variation in mean yield changes. Evidence of crop yield impact in Africa and South Asia is robust for wheat, maize, sorghum and millet, and either inconclusive, absent or contradictory for rice, cassava and sugarcane.

594 citations


Posted Content
TL;DR: The main purpose of this paper is to develop a conceptual framework for understanding the literature on the consequences of contemporary performance measurement (CPM) systems and the theories that explain these consequences.
Abstract: The main purpose of this paper is to develop a conceptual framework for understanding the literature on the consequences of contemporary performance measurement (CPM) systems and the theories that explain these consequences. The framework is based on an in-depth review of 76 empirical studies published in high-quality academic journals in the areas of accounting, operations, and strategy. The framework classifies the consequences of CPM into three categories: people’s behaviour, organizational capabilities, and performance consequences. This paper discusses our current knowledge on the impact of CPM, highlighting inconsistencies and gaps as well as providing direction for future research.

524 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors outline four theoretical propositions that describe what value in the experience is, which are then illustrated using a narrative data set, and posit that current service experiences are influenced by previous and anticipated service experiences.
Abstract: Within contemporary discourse around service-dominant logic, phenomenologically (experientially) determined value has been placed at the center of value discussion. However, a systematic characterization of value in the experience has not been presented to date. In this article, the authors outline four theoretical propositions that describe what value in the experience is, which are then illustrated using a narrative data set. The propositions consider both lived and imaginary value experiences and posit that current service experiences are influenced by previous and anticipated service experiences. The article contributes to the service literature by characterizing value in the experience as an ongoing, iterative circular process of individual, and collective customer sense making, as opposed to a linear, cognitive process restricted to isolated service encounters. The authors recommend that service researchers should consider the use of interpretive methodologies based on the four theoretical propositi...

516 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A mathematical optimization model to formally characterize the FCR considered CVRP (FCVRP) as well as a string based version for calculation and a simulated annealing algorithm with a hybrid exchange rule are developed to solve FCVRP.

503 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a conceptual framework for understanding the literature on the consequences of contemporary performance measurement (CPM) systems and the theories that explain these consequences is developed. But this framework is based on an in-depth review of 76 empirical studies published in high-quality academic journals in the areas of accounting, operations, and strategy.

479 citations


BookDOI
11 Jun 2012
TL;DR: Systematic reviews as mentioned in this paper are guided by a set of principles rather than a specific, inflexible and restricted protocol, which can help address managerial problems by producing a reliable knowledge base through accumulating findings from a range of studies.
Abstract: Reviews of existing research evidence have the potential to inform both practice and scholarship. This opportunity is currently not being fully realized in management and organization studies due to the limitations of traditional methods of review, which fail to identify clearly what is known and not known about a given topic. For practitioners, systematic review can help address managerial problems by producing a reliable knowledge base through accumulating findings from a range of studies. For scholars, systematic review can enhance methodological rigour as well as highlight opportunities for further research. Systematic reviews are guided by a set of principles rather than a specific, inflexible and restricted protocol. By revealing these principles, outlining a systematic review methodology and offering examples we hope that this chapter helps both practitioners and scholars to use systematic review to inform their practice.

439 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a working envelope for the process using Ti-6Al-4V was developed, and regression models were calculated for total wall width, effective wall width and layer height.

434 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
15 Jan 2012-Talanta
TL;DR: This review provides a consolidation of information relating to recent advances in explosive detection techniques without being limited to one specific research area or explosive type.

432 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Impacts of oil palm plantation development on land cover, carbon flux, and agrarian community lands in West Kalimantan, Indonesian Borneo are evaluated using a spatially explicit land change/carbon bookkeeping model and informed by socioeconomic surveys.
Abstract: Industrial agricultural plantations are a rapidly increasing yet largely unmeasured source of tropical land cover change. Here, we evaluate impacts of oil palm plantation development on land cover, carbon flux, and agrarian community lands in West Kalimantan, Indonesian Borneo. With a spatially explicit land change/carbon bookkeeping model, parameterized using high-resolution satellite time series and informed by socioeconomic surveys, we assess previous and project future plantation expansion under five scenarios. Although fire was the primary proximate cause of 1989–2008 deforestation (93%) and net carbon emissions (69%), by 2007–2008, oil palm directly caused 27% of total and 40% of peatland deforestation. Plantation land sources exhibited distinctive temporal dynamics, comprising 81% forests on mineral soils (1994–2001), shifting to 69% peatlands (2008–2011). Plantation leases reveal vast development potential. In 2008, leases spanned ∼65% of the region, including 62% on peatlands and 59% of community-managed lands, yet <10% of lease area was planted. Projecting business as usual (BAU), by 2020 ∼40% of regional and 35% of community lands are cleared for oil palm, generating 26% of net carbon emissions. Intact forest cover declines to 4%, and the proportion of emissions sourced from peatlands increases 38%. Prohibiting intact and logged forest and peatland conversion to oil palm reduces emissions only 4% below BAU, because of continued uncontrolled fire. Protecting logged forests achieves greater carbon emissions reductions (21%) than protecting intact forests alone (9%) and is critical for mitigating carbon emissions. Extensive allocated leases constrain land management options, requiring trade-offs among oil palm production, carbon emissions mitigation, and maintaining community landholdings.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examine global patterns in particle export efficiency (PEeff), the proportion of primary production that is exported from the surface ocean, and transfer efficiency (Teff), the fraction of exported organic matter that reaches the deep ocean.
Abstract: The ocean's biological carbon pump is a key component of the global carbon cycle. Only a small fraction of the carbon fixed by primary production is exported to the deep ocean, yet this flux sets to first order the efficiency with which carbon is sequestered out of further contact with the atmosphere on long time scales. Here we examine global patterns in particle export efficiency (PEeff), the proportion of primary production that is exported from the surface ocean, and transfer efficiency (Teff), the fraction of exported organic matter that reaches the deep ocean. Previous studies have found a positive correlation between Teff and deep ocean calcite fluxes recovered from sediment traps, implying that ballasting by calcium carbonate may play an important role in regulating Teff. An alternative explanation is that this correlation is not causative, as regions where the dominant biomineral phase is calcite tend to be subtropical systems, which are hypothesized to produce sinking aggregates highly resistant to degradation. We attempt to distinguish between these alternative hypotheses on the control of Teff by examining the relationship between Teff and biomineral phases exported from the upper ocean, rather than those collected in deep traps. Global scale estimates derived from satellite data show, in keeping with earlier studies, that PEeff is high at high latitudes and low at low latitudes, but that Teff is low at high latitudes and high at low latitudes. However, in contrast to the relationship observed for deep biomineral fluxes in previous studies, we find that Teff is strongly negatively correlated with opal export flux from the upper ocean, but uncorrelated with calcium carbonate export flux. We hypothesize that the underlying factor governing the spatial patterns observed in Teff is ecosystem function, specifically the degree of recycling occurring in the upper ocean, rather than the availability of calcium carbonate for ballasting.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a maturity model is built to access the current PSS design across 20 dimensions, highlighting that only three dimensions are strongly treated: design processes for integrating products and services, definitions of new terminologies and considerations concerning planning and designing life cycle phases.
Abstract: Product–service systems (PSS), motivated to fulfil customers’ needs, are seen as good strategies to face today's competitive business environment. The field of PSS research is however not fully mature and many different methodologies are proposed for the PSS design. This paper seeks to understand the directions taken in eight state-of-the-art methodologies so as to identify common needs in future research. The methodologies are studied across their authors’ views and definitions of services, PSS and their objectives and challenges, along with the tools that have been developed. A maturity model is built to access the current PSS design across 20 dimensions. The model highlights that only three dimensions are strongly treated: design processes for integrating products and services, definitions of new terminologies and considerations concerning planning and designing life-cycle phases. To enhance the industrial application, collaboration between researchers and practitioners can be spurred through two chall...

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Sample pretreatment with viability dyes has so far been mainly used in combination with PCR (leading to the term viability PCR, v-PCR), and increasingly with isothermal amplification method, but has also successfully been applied to fungi, protozoa and viruses.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This review highlights the importance of coupling molecular imprinting technology with methodology based on electrochemical techniques for the development of advanced sensing devices and describes possible approaches proposed in the literature on this topic.
Abstract: This review highlights the importance of coupling molecular imprinting technology with methodology based on electrochemical techniques for the development of advanced sensing devices. In recent years, growing interest in molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) in the preparation of recognition elements has led researchers to design novel formats for improvement of MIP sensors. Among possible approaches proposed in the literature on this topic, we will focus on the electrosynthesis of MIPs and on less common hybrid technology (e.g. based on electrochemistry and classical MIPs, or nanotechnology). Starting from the early work reported in this field, an overview of the most innovative and successful examples will be reviewed.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present exploratory research developing a conceptualization of service experience based on a two-stage approach: initial item generation through qualitative research, initial purification of these findings through exploratory factor analysis, and validation through the use of confirmatory Factor Analysis and structural equation modeling.
Abstract: Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to conceptualize, construct, refine and empirically validate a multiple‐item scale for measuring customers' service experience (EXQ).Design/methodology/approach – The authors present exploratory research developing a conceptualization of service experience based on a two‐stage approach: initial item generation through qualitative research, initial purification of these findings through exploratory factor analysis, and validation through the use of confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling.Findings – The paper conceptualizes and validates the concept of customer/service experience. In total, 19 items in four dimensions of the EXQ scale were identified: product experience, outcome focus, moments‐of‐truth and peace‐of‐mind. These dimensions reflect service experience perceptions. The findings support the conclusion that the service experience has a significant impact on customer satisfaction, loyalty and word‐of‐mouth intentions. The scale demonstrat...

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This tutorial review surveys the latest achievements in the use of nanoparticles to detect cancer biomarkers and cancer cells with a focus on optical and electrochemical techniques.
Abstract: This tutorial review surveys the latest achievements in the use of nanoparticles to detect cancer biomarkers and cancer cells with a focus on optical and electrochemical techniques. Nanoparticle based cancer diagnostics are becoming an increasingly relevant alternative to traditional techniques. Although some drawbacks exist in relation to the obtained sensitivity the use of nanoparticle-based sensors in biomarker detection or cancer cell detection offers some advantages in comparison to conventional methods. The developed techniques can be interesting and relevant for their use in point-of-care of cancer diagnostics. The methods can be of low cost and in addition easy to be incorporated into user-friendly sensing platforms.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Results suggest that usefulness and ease of use are key dimensions of students' attitudes towards technology in all three contexts but that ICT is perceived most positively in the context of work and technology use at work is an important driver for technology use in other areas.
Abstract: The increasing use of information and communication technology (ICT) in higher education has been explored largely in relation to student experience of coursework and university life. Students' lives and experience beyond the university have been largely unexplored. Research into student experience of ICT used a validated model—the technology acceptance model—to explore the influence of work and social/leisure contexts as well as course study, on attitudes towards and take up of technology. The results suggest that usefulness and ease of use are key dimensions of students' attitudes towards technology in all three contexts but that ICT is perceived most positively in the context of work and technology use at work is an important driver for technology use in other areas.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The authors reviewed the dominant paradigms in contemporary nonmarket research and report on the key insights and findings from those perspectives, and suggested that the integration of institutional and strategic perspectives provides a logical path for the continued development of nonmarket strategy research going forward.
Abstract: Nonmarket strategy is now well established as a legitimate field of research. In this paper, we review the dominant paradigms in contemporary nonmarket research and report on the key insights and findings from those perspectives. We use this review to suggest that the integration of institutional and strategic perspectives provides a logical path for the continued development of nonmarket strategy research going forward. Looking ahead, our premise is that institutional perspectives will have an increased relevance to nonmarket scholarship, particularly with the increasing importance of emergent economies to international business. As companies are required to invest more in nonmarket practices, and adapt those practices to unique country contexts, we anticipate that research will increasingly draw from multiple conceptual paradigms and perspectives.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the extent to which consumers consider ethics in luxury goods consumption was explored and it was found that consumers' propensity to consider ethics is significantly lower in luxury purchases when compared to commoditized purchases.
Abstract: This article explores the extent to which consumers consider ethics in luxury goods consumption. In particular, it explores whether there is a significant difference between consumers’ propensity to consider ethics in luxury versus commodity purchase and whether consumers are ready to purchase ethical-luxury. Prior research in ethical consumption focuses on low value, commoditized product categories such as food, cosmetics and high street apparel. It is debatable if consumers follow similar ethical consumption patterns in luxury purchases. Findings indicate that consumers’ propensity to consider ethics is significantly lower in luxury purchases when compared to commoditized purchases and explores some of the potential reasons for this reduced propensity to identify or act upon ethical issues in luxury consumption.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The development of a point-of-care immunosensor for the detection of the cancer biomarker (total prostate-specific antigen, tPSA) using surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) sensor platforms in human serum samples demonstrates the high potential of the developed sensor devices as platforms for clinical prostate cancer diagnosis and prognosis.
Abstract: Early detection of cancer is vital for the successful treatment of the disease. Hence, a rapid and sensitive diagnosis is essential before the cancer is spread out to the other body organs. Here we describe the development of a point-of-care immunosensor for the detection of the cancer biomarker (total prostate-specific antigen, tPSA) using surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) sensor platforms in human serum samples. KD of the antibody used toward PSA was calculated as 9.46 × 10–10 M, indicating high affinity of the antibody used in developing the assay. By performing a sandwich assay using antibody-modified nanoparticles concentrations of 2.3 ng mL–1 (Au, 20 nm) and 0.29 ng mL–1 (8.5 pM) (Au, 40 nm) tPSA in 75% human serum were detected using the developed assay on an SPR sensor chip. The SPR sensor results were found to be comparable to that achieved using a QCM sensor platform, indicating that both systems can be applied for disease biomarkers screening. The clinical ap...

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Jan 2012-Gut
TL;DR: This is the first national audit of colonoscopy that has successfully captured the majority of adult colonoscopies performed across an entire nation during a defined time period and confirms that performance is above the required national standards.
Abstract: Objective To perform a comprehensive audit of all colonoscopy undertaken in the UK over a 2-week period. Design Multi-centre survey. All adult (≥16 years of age) colonoscopies that took place in participating National Health Service hospitals between 28 February 2011 and 11 March 2011 were included. Results Data on 20 085 colonoscopies and 2681 colonoscopists were collected from 302 units. A validation exercise indicated that data were collected on over 94% of all procedures performed nationally. The unadjusted caecal intubation rate (CIR) was 92.3%. When adjusted for impassable strictures and poor bowel preparation the CIR was 95.8%. The polyp detection rate was 32.1%. The polyp detection rate for larger polyps (≥10mm diameter) was 11.7%. 92.3% of resected polyps were retrieved. 90.2% of procedures achieved acceptable levels of patient comfort. A total of eight perforations and 52 significant haemorrhages were reported. Eight patients underwent surgery as a consequence of a complication. Conclusions This is the first national audit of colonoscopy that has successfully captured the majority of adult colonoscopies performed across an entire nation during a defined time period. The data confirm that there has been a significant improvement in the performance of colonoscopy in the UK since the last study reported seven years ago (CIR 76.9%) and that performance is above the required national standards.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a systematic and structured review of literature provides insights into the conceptualization and research methodological background of the SCM field, and a critical examination of existing conceptual frameworks for understanding the relationships between the SCRes concept and its identified formative elements, is taking place.
Abstract: The objective of this paper is to conceptualize Supply Chain Resilience (SCRes) and identify which supply chain capabilities can support the containment of disruptions and how these capabilities affect SCRes. Through a systematic and structured review of literature, this paper provides insights into the conceptualization and research methodological background of the SCM field. A total of one hundred and thirty four carefully selected refereed journal articles were systematically analyzed leading to the introduction of a novel definition for SCRes, which the authors view as the as the ability to proactively plan and design the Supply Chain network for anticipating unexpected disruptive (negative) events, respond adaptively to disruptions while maintaining control over structure and function and transcending to a post-event robust state of operations, if possible, more favorable than the one prior to the event, thus gaining competitive advantage. Finally, a critical examination of existing conceptual frameworks for understanding the relationships between the SCRes concept and its identified formative elements, is taking place.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Recent advances include development of immunosensors for the continuous monitoring of analytes, point of care (PoC) devices, with lower unit costs, automation, reusability and ease of use.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Work to develop guidelines for Material, Energy and Waste (MEW) process flow modelling to support the pursuit of sustainable manufacturing is reported on.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the effects of high-speed rail (HSR) services on Chinese airlines and concluded that the HSR service will be competitive in terms of network connectivity, total travel time and cost efficiency.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This article outlines the structure of the supplement – two methodological papers (statistical approach and exposure assessment), eight papers presenting the cancer-specific results grouped by broad anatomical site, a paper giving industry sector results and one discussing work-related cancer-prevention strategies.
Abstract: A sound knowledge base is required to target resources to reduce workplace exposure to carcinogens. This project aimed to provide an objective estimate of the burden of cancer in Britain due to occupation. This volume presents extensive analyses for all carcinogens and occupational circumstances defined as definite or probable human occupational carcinogens by the International Agency for Research on Cancer. This article outlines the structure of the supplement – two methodological papers (statistical approach and exposure assessment), eight papers presenting the cancer-specific results grouped by broad anatomical site, a paper giving industry sector results and one discussing work-related cancer-prevention strategies. A brief summary of the methods and an overview of the updated overall results are given in this introductory paper. A general discussion of the overall strengths and limitations of the study is also presented. Overall, 8010 (5.3%) total cancer deaths in Britain and 13, 598 cancer registrations were attributable to occupation in 2005 and 2004, respectively. The importance of cancer sites such as mesothelioma, sinonasal, lung, nasopharynx, breast, non-melanoma skin cancer, bladder, oesophagus, soft tissue sarcoma and stomach cancers are highlighted, as are carcinogens such as asbestos, mineral oils, solar radiation, silica, diesel engine exhaust, coal tars and pitches, dioxins, environmental tobacco smoke, radon, tetrachloroethylene, arsenic and strong inorganic mists, as well as occupational circumstances such as shift work and occupation as a painter or welder. The methods developed for this project are being adapted by other countries and extended to include social and economic impact evaluation.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The aim of this study was to apply the life cycle assessment (LCA) method to quantify the environmental burdens per 1,000 kg of expected edible carcass weight in the 3 main broiler production systems in the United Kingdom: 1) standard indoor, 2) free range, and 3) organic, and to identify the main components of these burdens.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors established what is known regarding how supply network governance leads to network outcomes, what mechanisms underlie this relationship, and how context impacts it, using the context-intervention-mechanism-outcomes (CIMO) logic.
Abstract: Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to establish what is known regarding how supply network governance leads to network outcomes, what mechanisms underlie this relationship, and how context impacts it.Design/methodology/approach – A systematic literature review identified 44 conceptual and empirical studies. Purely dyadic studies were excluded. Synthesis used the context‐intervention‐mechanism‐outcomes (CIMO) logic.Findings – From a categorization of contexts, governance instruments, mechanisms and outcomes a contingent conceptual framework is developed in the paper relating governance instruments to network outcomes dependent on the context. In general, formal instruments are adopted in dynamic and unstable circumstances defined as risky, uncertain, unpredictable or during organizational change. These instruments can result in coordination, control, viability and performance outcomes. Informal instruments tend to be adopted in contexts where prior relationships exist between actors.Research limitation...

Journal ArticleDOI
22 Feb 2012
TL;DR: In this paper, inclined and horizontal wall features have been built using an inclined torch position and a range of travel speeds has been investigated to better understand the effect of travel speed on part quality for angled walls.
Abstract: Wire and arc additive manufacture enables us to build fully dense metallic parts by depositing material in layers using a welding process. Conventionally, in this process, the welding torch is always maintained in a vertical orientation, but this can cause accessibility problems and may require that the part is moved during the deposition process. The aim of the research presented in this article is to investigate the production of geometrical features using wire and arc additive manufacture with positional welding. Positional welding is particularly useful for building features with limited accessibility without having to manipulate the part. In the current work, inclined and horizontal wall features have been built using an inclined torch position. The knowledge obtained from these experiments has been further applied to build enclosed features. Additionally, a range of travel speeds has been investigated to better understand the effect of travel speed on part quality for angled walls. Factors that hind...