Cross River University of Technology

About: Cross River University of Technology is a education organization based out in Calabar, Nigeria. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Exergy. The organization has 465 authors who have published 507 publications receiving 2705 citations.

Fish fauna of Agbokum waterfalls in South Eastern Nigeria

Abstract: Knowledge of ichthyofauna of waterfalls is important in the development and management of conservation measures. In order to establish the fish composition and diversity of a tropical waterfalls monthly fish samples and physic-chemical parameters were investigated in wet and dry seasons, over a two year period in three regions along the length of Agbokum waterfalls. Water turbulence, size of river, flow velocity, water level, temperature, transparency and food availability explained the observed seasonal and spatial changes in fish abundance. Five thousand four hundred and eighty four (5484) fish representing 22 species belonging to 16 genera from 9 families were sampled in both dry and wet seasons, with 10 species being restricted to wet season and only 1 in the dry. Cichlidae, Clariidae and Cyprinidae were the most abundant families accounting for 56.7% of the total catch with Tilapia zillii, Clarias gariepinus and Labeo coubie dominating overall catch constituting 35.5%. Among the three dominant species, two benthic fishes (L. coubie and C. gariepinus) showed inverse distributional pattern with Clariid fish (C. gariepinus) most abundant downstream and least represented upstream. Cyprinid (L. coubie), on the other hand, dominated the upstream reaches and scarce downstream. Five species were site specific because of the association with only the midstream portion of the river (L. senegalensis), upstream (A. gardneri, A. filmentosus and E. sexfasciatus) and downstream reaches (H. fasciatus, A. occidentalis and C. nigrodigitatus). The two benthic species (C. gariepinus and L. coubie) produced a bimodal size class distribution in the three sites while T. zilli showed tri-modal size class. Equitability index (E) was generally low ranging from 0.03 (midstream) to 0.14 (downstream). Downstream reaches recorded highest diversity throughout the year with higher values for the wet season samples than dry. Wet season and Downriver region of the waterfalls were therefore critical in maintaining fish stock of the water falls.

Foreign Borrowing and Economic Growth in an Emerging Economy: The Nigerian Case

Abstract: The focus of this paper is on foreign borrowing and economic growth of an emerging economy with Nigeria as a case of reference. It examines the linkages between foreign borrowing and selected macroeconomic indices such as Gross Domestic Product, (GDP), poverty, private investment, government investment, export/income ratio, vis-a-vis external debt to income ratio. The ordinary least square technique (OLS) was adopted through the use of time series data on the variables. Data were sourced from central bank of Nigeria statistical bulletin, International Monetary Fund (IMF), Human Development Reports International financial statistics year book and World Bank global finance. The study advocates that government investment in education, health, export and international trade should be adequately improved and encouraged by government so as to step up the standard of giving devoid of foreign borrowing. A negation of this, the paper opines, makes foreign debt a source of economic woes to the economies.

Preliminary assessment of the suitability of commonly used antiseptics in the elimination of bacteria in bathing water.

Abstract: The use of antiseptics for the removal of bacteria in water has become pertinent given that most hand dug wells, boreholes, and surface waters are already contaminated in their in situ condition before being used. But, the efficacy of these skin disinfectants (antiseptics) is usually not well spelt out for the aforementioned purpose, and usage may yield no good report. This study assessed the suitability of use of two widely used antiseptics in Nigeria (Dettol and Izal) on Bacillus spp., Escherichia coli and Klebsiella spp., in eliminating bacteria in bathing water. The water which were tested at four different concentrations (0.4 ml, 0.8 ml, 1.2 ml, and 1.6 ml) and at six different contact times (0, 5, 10, 15, 30, and 60 min, respectively) within which bathing is meant to take place after antiseptics were applied. Overall, One hundred and Forty-four (144) samples were analyzed, and based on our null hypothesis of no bacteria should be found in bathing water after disinfection, results showed that both antiseptics were not efficient in bacteria removal. However, the multivariable logistic regression model conducted revealed that both antiseptics were more active in destroying Klebsiella spp. than any other bacteria investigated with Izal showing more dominance (OR = 31.21; p < 0.05). The study further revealed that Izal is 3.6 times more likely to destroy bacteria than Dettol (p < 0.05), with more of the elimination occurring at contact time greater than 5 min (OR = 1.504; p = 0.043). Therefore, it is suggested that disinfectants and antiseptics of high motility and sufficient potency in a wide range of bacteria spectrum should be produced to meet the needs of consumers resulting in a better bathing water quality.

Availability and Accessibility of Toys as Determinants of Teaching Effectiveness among Preprimary School Teachers in Uyo Senatorial District of Akwa Ibom State

Abstract: This paper studied the availability and assessibility of toys as determinants of teaching effectiveness of teachers among pre-primary school teachers in Uyo senatorial district. Two research questions and two hypotheses were formulated as a guide to this study. Expost facto research design was used in carrying out the study. A sample size of 240 pre-primary school pupils was selected using random sampling technique for the study. The researcher developed questionnaire titled “availability and accessibility of toys and teaching effectiveness questionnaire(AATTEQ)” was used to collect data. Data generated were analysed using t-test and pearson product moment correlation coefficient (PPMC). Findings of the study revealed that toys are available and accessed by teachers for use in schools. Teachers who accessed available toys were found to be more effective in teaching than teachers who do not.

Importance of Relevant Visual Illustrations in Art Text Books

Abstract: A cursory survey of art textbooks used in tertiary educational institutions in Nigeria indicates that authors and publishers do not pay attention to the use of visual illustrations as a way of elucidating texts While some art textbooks have badly printed visual illustrations, others do not have any illustrations at all, just as some have seemingly sufficient but irrelevant illustrations These art textbooks appear to concentrate more on text rather than balancing textual information and visual illustrations for effective communication Using the analysis of four randomly selected art textbooks used by visual arts students in Cross River University of Technology, Calabar, Nigeria, this paper seeks to verify the volume of text in art textbooks as compared to the number of relevant visual illustrations that go with them DOI: 105901/ajis2013v2n3p47