Showing papers by "Curtin University published in 2021"
TL;DR: CrystalExplorer is a native cross-platform program for the visualization and investigation of molecular crystal structures and its successor, CrystalExplorer 2, is available for iOS and Android.
Abstract: CrystalExplorer is a native cross-platform program supported on Windows, MacOS and Linux with the primary function of visualization and investigation of molecular crystal structures, especially through the decorated Hirshfeld surface and its corresponding two-dimensional fingerprint, and through the visualization of void spaces in the crystal via isosurfaces of the promolecule electron density. Over the past decade, significant changes and enhancements have been incorporated into the program, such as the capacity to accurately and quickly calculate and visualize quantitative intermolecular interactions and, perhaps most importantly, the ability to interface with the Gaussian and NWChem programs to calculate quantum-mechanical properties of molecules. The current version, CrystalExplorer21, incorporates these and other changes, and the software can be downloaded and used free of charge for academic research.
1,096 citations
TL;DR: It is found that virtual work characteristics linked to worker's performance and well‐being via the experienced challenges, and self‐discipline was a significant moderator of several of these relationships.
Abstract: Existing knowledge on remote working can be questioned in an extraordinary pandemic context. We conducted a mixed-methods investigation to explore the challenges experienced by remote workers at this time, as well as what virtual work characteristics and individual differences affect these challenges. In Study 1, from semi-structured interviews with Chinese employees working from home in the early days of the pandemic, we identified four key remote work challenges (work-home interference, ineffective communication, procrastination, and loneliness), as well as four virtual work characteristics that affected the experience of these challenges (social support, job autonomy, monitoring, and workload) and one key individual difference factor (workers' self-discipline). In Study 2, using survey data from 522 employees working at home during the pandemic, we found that virtual work characteristics linked to worker's performance and well-being via the experienced challenges. Specifically, social support was positively correlated with lower levels of all remote working challenges; job autonomy negatively related to loneliness; workload and monitoring both linked to higher work-home interference; and workload additionally linked to lower procrastination. Self-discipline was a significant moderator of several of these relationships. We discuss the implications of our research for the pandemic and beyond.
546 citations
TL;DR: In conclusion, SDT-informed interventions positively affect indices of health; these effects are modest, heterogeneous, and partly due to increases in self-determined motivation and support from social agents.
Abstract: There are no literature reviews that have examined the impact of health-domain interventions, informed by self-determination theory (SDT), on SDT constructs and health indices. Our aim was to meta-analyse such interventions in the health promotion and disease management literatures. Studies were eligible if they used an experimental design, tested an intervention that was based on SDT, measured at least one SDT-based motivational construct, and at least one indicator of health behaviour, physical health, or psychological health. Seventy-three studies met these criteria and provided sufficient data for the purposes of the review. A random-effects meta-analytic model showed that SDT-based interventions produced small-to-medium changes in most SDT constructs at the end of the intervention period, and in health behaviours at the end of the intervention period and at the follow-up. Small positive changes in physical and psychological health outcomes were also observed at the end of the interventions. Increases in need support and autonomous motivation (but not controlled motivation or amotivation) were associated with positive changes in health behaviour. In conclusion, SDT-informed interventions positively affect indices of health; these effects are modest, heterogeneous, and partly due to increases in self-determined motivation and support from social agents.
289 citations
Aarhus University1, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology2, University of Exeter3, La Trobe University4, University of California, Santa Cruz5, Spanish National Research Council6, Curtin University7, Australian Institute of Marine Science8, University of California, Santa Barbara9, University of Bristol10, Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science11, University of New Hampshire12, University of Auckland13, Leiden University14, Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research15, University of Victoria16
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors show that ocean sound affects marine animals at multiple levels, including their behavior, physiology, and, in extreme cases, survival, which should prompt management actions to deploy existing solutions to reduce noise levels in the ocean, thereby allowing marine animals to reestablish their use of ocean sound as a central ecological trait.
Abstract: Oceans have become substantially noisier since the Industrial Revolution. Shipping, resource exploration, and infrastructure development have increased the anthrophony (sounds generated by human activities), whereas the biophony (sounds of biological origin) has been reduced by hunting, fishing, and habitat degradation. Climate change is affecting geophony (abiotic, natural sounds). Existing evidence shows that anthrophony affects marine animals at multiple levels, including their behavior, physiology, and, in extreme cases, survival. This should prompt management actions to deploy existing solutions to reduce noise levels in the ocean, thereby allowing marine animals to reestablish their use of ocean sound as a central ecological trait in a healthy ocean.
254 citations
TL;DR: Encouraging sufficient levels of physical activity and reducing sedentary time can play a vital role in helping people to cope with a major stressful event, such as the COVID-19 pandemic.
Abstract: To assess whether changes in physical activity and sedentary behaviour during the COVID-19 lockdown are associated with changes in mental and physical health. Observational longitudinal study. Participants living in France or Switzerland responded to online questionnaires measuring physical activity, physical and mental health, anxiety, and depressive symptoms. Paired sample t-tests were used to assess differences in physical activity and sedentary behaviour before and during lockdown. Multiple linear regressions were used to investigate associations between changes in physical activity and changes in mental and physical health during lockdown. 267 (wave1) and 110 participants (wave2; 2 weeks later) were recruited. Lockdown resulted in higher time spent in walking and moderate physical activity (~10min/day) and in sedentary behaviour (~75min/day), compared to pre COVID-19. Increased physical activity during leisure time from week 2 to week 4 of lockdown was associated with improved physical health (β=.24, p=.002). Additionally, an increase in sedentary behaviour during leisure time was associated with poorer physical health (β=-.35, p=.002), mental health (β=-.25, p=.003), and subjective vitality (β=-.30, p=.004). Ensuring sufficient levels of physical activity and reducing sedentary time can play a vital role in helping people to cope with a major stressful event, such as the COVID-19 pandemic.
223 citations
TL;DR: This review provides a comprehensive summary of recent literature, an overview of approaches and treatment systems, and breakthrough in the field of algal-mediated removal of PPCPs in wastewater treatment processes, highlighting microalgae as a promising and sustainable approach to efficiently bio-transform or bio-adsorb P PCPs.
218 citations
Auckland University of Technology1, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation2, University of Washington3, Mayo Clinic4, University of the Philippines Manila5, Johns Hopkins University6, Heidelberg University7, Harvard University8, Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research9, New York University10, University at Buffalo11, University of California, San Diego12, Veterans Health Administration13, University of Peradeniya14, University of Rochester15, Tufts Medical Center16, Rowan University17, Kaiser Permanente18, Istituto Superiore di Sanità19, Tehran University of Medical Sciences20, University of Texas at Austin21, Florida State University College of Arts and Sciences22, Sheffield Hallam University23, Ball State University24, Northeastern University25, Duke University26, University of Michigan27, Nationwide Children's Hospital28, Ohio State University29, University of Bari30, University of Cape Town31, National Institutes of Health32, Curtin University33, Pacific Institute34, Mizan–Tepi University35, University of Mississippi36, Iran University of Medical Sciences37, Emory University38, Lund University39, University of Central Florida40, Charité41, University of Edinburgh42, Yonsei University43, United States Department of Veterans Affairs44, University of Alabama at Birmingham45, Imperial College London46, Norwegian University of Science and Technology47, George Washington University48, University of Maryland, Baltimore49, University of California, Berkeley50
TL;DR: A large and increasing number of people have various neurological disorders in the US, with significant variation in the burden of and trends in neurological disorders across the US states, and the reasons for these geographic variations need to be explored further.
Abstract: IMPORTANCE Accurate and up-to-date estimates on incidence, prevalence, mortality, and
disability-adjusted life-years (burden) of neurological disorders are the backbone of
evidence-based health care planning and resource allocation for these disorders. It appears
that no such estimates have been reported at the state level for the US.
OBJECTIVE To present burden estimates of major neurological disorders in the US states by
age and sex from 1990 to 2017.
DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This is a systematic analysis of the Global Burden of
Disease (GBD) 2017 study. Data on incidence, prevalence, mortality, and disability-adjusted
life-years (DALYs) of major neurological disorders were derived from the GBD 2017 study of
the 48 contiguous US states, Alaska, and Hawaii. Fourteen major neurological disorders were
analyzed: stroke, Alzheimer disease and other dementias, Parkinson disease, epilepsy,
multiple sclerosis, motor neuron disease, migraine, tension-type headache, traumatic brain
injury, spinal cord injuries, brain and other nervous system cancers, meningitis, encephalitis,
and tetanus.
EXPOSURES Any of the 14 listed neurological diseases.
MAIN OUTCOME AND MEASURE Absolute numbers in detail by age and sex and
age-standardized rates (with 95% uncertainty intervals) were calculated.
RESULTS The 3 most burdensome neurological disorders in the US in terms of absolute
number of DALYs were stroke (3.58 [95% uncertainty interval [UI], 3.25-3.92] million DALYs),
Alzheimer disease and other dementias (2.55 [95% UI, 2.43-2.68] million DALYs), and
migraine (2.40 [95% UI, 1.53-3.44] million DALYs). The burden of almost all neurological
disorders (in terms of absolute number of incident, prevalent, and fatal cases, as well as
DALYs) increased from 1990 to 2017, largely because of the aging of the population.
Exceptions for this trend included traumatic brain injury incidence (−29.1% [95% UI, −32.4%
to −25.8%]); spinal cord injury prevalence (−38.5% [95% UI, −43.1% to −34.0%]); meningitis
prevalence (−44.8% [95% UI, −47.3% to −42.3%]), deaths (−64.4% [95% UI, −67.7% to
−50.3%]), and DALYs (−66.9% [95% UI, −70.1% to −55.9%]); and encephalitis DALYs
(−25.8% [95% UI, −30.7% to −5.8%]). The different metrics of age-standardized rates varied
between the US states from a 1.2-fold difference for tension-type headache to 7.5-fold for
tetanus; southeastern states and Arkansas had a relatively higher burden for stroke, while
northern states had a relatively higher burden of multiple sclerosis and eastern states had
higher rates of Parkinson disease, idiopathic epilepsy, migraine and tension-type headache,
and meningitis, encephalitis, and tetanus.
CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE There is a large and increasing burden of noncommunicable
neurological disorders in the US, with up to a 5-fold variation in the burden of and trends in
particular neurological disorders across the US states. The information reported in this article
can be used by health care professionals and policy makers at the national and state levels to
advance their health care planning and resource allocation to prevent and reduce the burden
of neurological disorders.
212 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the grinding mechanics for a single grain of carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) involving CNT nano-lubricant minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) are explored.
185 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a biodegradable natural carbohydrate polymeric WF adsorbent was used for the encapsulation of cationic Rhodamine B (RB) dye with high sensitivity and selectivity.
184 citations
TL;DR: Carbon-based materials have multiple advantages including abundant sources, tunable molecular structures, high electronic conductivity, and environmental compatibility as mentioned in this paper. But, there is no systematic review yet covering all the general methods to boost carbon-based electrocatalysts for ORR/OER/HER, and reporting their most recent progress.
181 citations
TL;DR: The Mangrove charcoal modified adsorbent may open the new door to treat the Cs containing wastewater by being selective to Cs for the potential real radioactive Cs contaminated water.
TL;DR: In this paper, a comprehensive review for occurrence of pesticides in drinking water and its possible treatment is provided, where advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) are recognized as clean technologies for the treatment of water containing recalcitrant and bio-refractory pollutants such as pesticides.
Abstract: The ubiquitous problem of pesticide in aquatic environment are receiving worldwide concern as pesticide tends to accumulate in the body of the aquatic organism and sediment soil, posing health risks to the human. Many pesticide formulations had introduced due to the rapid growth in the global pesticide market result from the wide use of pesticides in agricultural and non-agricultural sectors. The occurrence of pesticides in the water body is derived by the runoff from the agricultural field and industrial wastewater. Soluble pesticides were carried away by water molecules especially during the precipitation event by percolating downward into the soil layers and eventually reach surface waters and groundwater. Consequently, it degrades water quality and reduces the supply of clean water for potable water. Long-time exposure to the low concentration of pesticides had resulted in non-carcinogenic health risks. The conventional method of pesticide treatment processes encompasses coagulation-flocculation, adsorption, filtration and sedimentation, which rely on the phase transfer of pollutants. Those methods are often incurred with a relatively high operational cost and may cause secondary pollution such as sludge formation. Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) are recognized as clean technologies for the treatment of water containing recalcitrant and bio-refractory pollutants such as pesticides. It has been adopted as recent water purification technology because of the thermodynamic viability and broad spectrum of applicability. This work provides a comprehensive review for occurrence of pesticide in the drinking water and its possible treatment.
TL;DR: In this article, a ligand based functionalized composite materials (CpMA) was fabricated using a highly porous silica and deployed as an effective materials for the effective monitoring and adsorption of copper (Cu(II)) ions from contaminated water.
TL;DR: In this paper, the detection, adsorption and recovery of rare earth elements specially the cerium (Ce(III)) on ligand based optical conjugate adsorbent was systematically studied.
TL;DR: In this article, the toxic cationic dye of methylene blue (MB) was encapsulated by the polymeric natural carbohydrate of turmeric powder (TP) adsorbent, and the MB dye removal was optimized by varying the parameters of contact time, pH, initial concentration, competing ions and elution operations.
TL;DR: The results demonstrate that interactivity, specifically, consumer-consumer interaction and consumer-seller interaction, positively affects social support, which in turn enhances consumers’ intention to co-create brand value.
TL;DR: In this article, the removal of organic dyes from wastewater by innovative effluent treatment plant, which can truly clean the wastewater without leaving any fragments of dye species without generating secondary waste, is one of the prime challenges to the present world.
French Institute of Health and Medical Research1, Institut Gustave Roussy2, Singapore Immunology Network3, University of Bonn4, National University of Singapore5, Singapore General Hospital6, Genome Institute of Singapore7, Nanyang Technological University8, Garvan Institute of Medical Research9, University of New South Wales10, Curtin University11, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research12, Shanghai Jiao Tong University13
TL;DR: The authors integrated 178,651 mononuclear phagocytes (MNPs) from 13 tissues across 41 datasets to generate a MNP single-cell RNA compendium (MNP-VERSE), a publicly available tool to map MNPs and define conserved gene signatures of MNP populations.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a review of state-of-the-art methods in a typical vision-based scheme, and discuss challenges associated with their application, aiming to guide practitioners to find suitable approaches for a particular project.
Abstract: Computer vision has been gaining interest in a wide range of research areas in recent years, from medical to industrial robotics. The architecture, engineering and construction and facility management sector ranks as one of the most intensive fields where vision-based systems/methods are used to facilitate decision making processes during the construction phase. Construction sites make efficient monitoring extremely tedious and difficult due to clutter and disorder. Extensive research has been carried out to investigate the potential to utilise computer vision for assisting on-site managerial tasks. This paper reviews studies on computer vision in the past decade, with a focus on state-of-the-art methods in a typical vision-based scheme, and discusses challenges associated with their application. This research aims to guide practitioners to successfully find suitable approaches for a particular project.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors focus on the existence of heavy metal ions and dyes in the aquatic environment, and methods for their removal, and various fabrication approaches for the development of magnetic-CNTs and CNT-based buckypaper (BP) membranes are discussed.
Qingdao University1, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics2, Changsha University of Science and Technology3, Zhejiang University of Technology4, Shanghai University of Engineering Sciences5, The University of Nottingham Ningbo China6, University of Sharjah7, Curtin University8, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals9, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research10
TL;DR: In this paper, a comprehensive quantitative assessment of tribological characteristics based on force, tool wear, chip, and surface integrity in titanium alloy and nickel alloy machining was performed and the machining mechanisms under lubrication of non-toxic carbon group nano-enhancers were investigated.
TL;DR: Under pessimistic scenarios, COVID-19-related disruption to malaria control in Africa could almost double malaria mortality in 2020, and potentially lead to even greater increases in subsequent years.
Abstract: Summary Background Substantial progress has been made in reducing the burden of malaria in Africa since 2000, but those gains could be jeopardised if the COVID-19 pandemic affects the availability of key malaria control interventions. The aim of this study was to evaluate plausible effects on malaria incidence and mortality under different levels of disruption to malaria control. Methods Using an established set of spatiotemporal Bayesian geostatistical models, we generated geospatial estimates across malaria-endemic African countries of the clinical case incidence and mortality of malaria, incorporating an updated database of parasite rate surveys, insecticide-treated net (ITN) coverage, and effective treatment rates. We established a baseline estimate for the anticipated malaria burden in Africa in the absence of COVID-19-related disruptions, and repeated the analysis for nine hypothetical scenarios in which effective treatment with an antimalarial drug and distribution of ITNs (both through routine channels and mass campaigns) were reduced to varying extents. Findings We estimated 215·2 (95% uncertainty interval 143·7–311·6) million cases and 386·4 (307·8–497·8) thousand deaths across malaria-endemic African countries in 2020 in our baseline scenario of undisrupted intervention coverage. With greater reductions in access to effective antimalarial drug treatment, our model predicted increasing numbers of cases and deaths: 224·1 (148·7–326·8) million cases and 487·9 (385·3–634·6) thousand deaths with a 25% reduction in antimalarial drug coverage; 233·1 (153·7–342·5) million cases and 597·4 (468·0–784·4) thousand deaths with a 50% reduction; and 242·3 (158·7–358·8) million cases and 715·2 (556·4–947·9) thousand deaths with a 75% reduction. Halting planned 2020 ITN mass distribution campaigns and reducing routine ITN distributions by 25%–75% also increased malaria burden to a total of 230·5 (151·6–343·3) million cases and 411·7 (322·8–545·5) thousand deaths with a 25% reduction; 232·8 (152·3–345·9) million cases and 415·5 (324·3–549·4) thousand deaths with a 50% reduction; and 234·0 (152·9–348·4) million cases and 417·6 (325·5–553·1) thousand deaths with a 75% reduction. When ITN coverage and antimalarial drug coverage were synchronously reduced, malaria burden increased to 240·5 (156·5–358·2) million cases and 520·9 (404·1–691·9) thousand deaths with a 25% reduction; 251·0 (162·2–377·0) million cases and 640·2 (492·0–856·7) thousand deaths with a 50% reduction; and 261·6 (167·7–396·8) million cases and 768·6 (586·1–1038·7) thousand deaths with a 75% reduction. Interpretation Under pessimistic scenarios, COVID-19-related disruption to malaria control in Africa could almost double malaria mortality in 2020, and potentially lead to even greater increases in subsequent years. To avoid a reversal of two decades of progress against malaria, averting this public health disaster must remain an integrated priority alongside the response to COVID-19. Funding Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation; Channel 7 Telethon Trust, Western Australia.
TL;DR: In this article, the effective separation of photogenerated carriers plays a vital role in photocatalytic reactions, in addition to the intrinsic driving force of photocatalysis, an external field generating an enh...
Abstract: The effective separation of photogenerated carriers plays a vital role in photocatalytic reactions. In addition to the intrinsic driving force of photocatalysis, an external field generating an enh...
TL;DR: In this article, the advance of materials chemistry has influenced significantly the lifestyle of mankind by virtue of their fascinating physicochemical nature, including ultrasmall size (including ultrasall size).
TL;DR: In this paper, impact factors of local climate zone (LCZ) were identified using GIS spatial analysis and statistical analysis methods in conjunction with parameter models that reflect urban spatial morphologies on the LCZ scale.
TL;DR: In this paper, the results of DNAm quantitative trait locus (mQTL) analyses on 32,851 participants were presented, identifying genetic variants associated with DNA methylation at 420,509 DNAm sites in blood.
Abstract: Characterizing genetic influences on DNA methylation (DNAm) provides an opportunity to understand mechanisms underpinning gene regulation and disease. In the present study, we describe results of DNAm quantitative trait locus (mQTL) analyses on 32,851 participants, identifying genetic variants associated with DNAm at 420,509 DNAm sites in blood. We present a database of >270,000 independent mQTLs, of which 8.5% comprise long-range (trans) associations. Identified mQTL associations explain 15-17% of the additive genetic variance of DNAm. We show that the genetic architecture of DNAm levels is highly polygenic. Using shared genetic control between distal DNAm sites, we constructed networks, identifying 405 discrete genomic communities enriched for genomic annotations and complex traits. Shared genetic variants are associated with both DNAm levels and complex diseases, but only in a minority of cases do these associations reflect causal relationships from DNAm to trait or vice versa, indicating a more complex genotype-phenotype map than previously anticipated.
TL;DR: In this paper, the synergistic effect of organic additives, biodegradable vegetable base oils and recycling purification effectively reduces the environmental pollution of cutting fluids, which provides the basis and support for the engineering application and development of cutting fluid and its circulating purification.
Abstract: Cutting fluid has cooling and lubricating properties and is an important part of the field of metal machining. Owing to harmful additives, base oils with poor biodegradability, defects in processing methods, and unreasonable emissions of waste cutting fluids, cutting fluids have serious pollution problems, which pose challenges to global carbon emissions laws and regulations. However, the current research on cutting fluid and its circulating purification technique lacks systematic review papers to provide scientific technical guidance for actual production. In this study, the key scientific issues in the research achievements of eco-friendly cutting fluid and waste fluid treatment are clarified. First, the preparation and mechanism of organic additives are summarized, and the influence of the physical and chemical properties of vegetable base oils on lubricating properties is analyzed. Then, the process characteristics of cutting fluid reduction supply methods are systematically evaluated. Second, the treatment of oil mist and miscellaneous oil, the removal mechanism and approach of microorganisms, and the design principles of integrated recycling equipment are outlined. The conclusion is concluded that the synergistic effect of organic additives, biodegradable vegetable base oils and recycling purification effectively reduces the environmental pollution of cutting fluids. Finally, in view of the limitations of the cutting fluid and its circulating purification technique, the prospects of amino acid additive development, self-adapting jet parameter supply system, matching mechanism between processing conditions and cutting fluid are put forward, which provides the basis and support for the engineering application and development of cutting fluid and its circulating purification.
TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of green technology innovation and renewable energy on environmental degradation in N-11 countries were analyzed. But, the short-run association of green technologies innovation is not significant, and the results endorsed by the robustness tests such as AMG and CCEMG.
TL;DR: In this paper, a semi-empirical heat flux theoretical model based on the dynamic grinding force of hard-brittle bone ductile microgrinding is proposed to solve the bottleneck problem.