Curtin University

About: Curtin University is a education organization based out in Perth, Western Australia, Australia. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Zircon. The organization has 14257 authors who have published 48997 publications receiving 1336531 citations. The organization is also known as: WAIT & Western Australian Institute of Technology.

Inflammatory bowel disease: clinical aspects and treatments.

Abstract: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is defined as a chronic intestinal inflammation that results from host-microbial interactions in a genetically susceptible individual. IBDs are a group of autoimmune diseases that are characterized by inflammation of both the small and large intestine, in which elements of the digestive system are attacked by the body's own immune system. This inflammatory condition encompasses two major forms, known as Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. Patients affected by these diseases experience abdominal symptoms, including diarrhea, abdominal pain, bloody stools, and vomiting. Moreover, defects in intestinal epithelial barrier function have been observed in a number of patients affected by IBD. In this review, we first describe the types and symptoms of IBD and investigate the role that the epithelial barrier plays in the pathophysiology of IBD as well as the major cytokines involved. We then discuss steps used to diagnose this disease and the treatment options available, and finally provide an overview of the recent research that aims to develop new therapies for such chronic disorders.

An Efficient Implementation of the Generalized Labeled Multi-Bernoulli Filter

Abstract: This paper proposes an efficient implementation of the generalized labeled multi-Bernoulli (GLMB) filter by combining the prediction and update into a single step. In contrast to an earlier implementation that involves separate truncations in the prediction and update steps, the proposed implementation requires only one truncation procedure for each iteration. Furthermore, we propose an efficient algorithm for truncating the GLMB filtering density based on Gibbs sampling. The resulting implementation has a linear complexity in the number of measurements and quadratic in the number of hypothesized objects.

Carbon steel corrosion: a review of key surface properties and characterization methods

Abstract: Corrosion is a subject of interest to interdisciplinary research communities, combining fields of materials science, chemistry, physics, metallurgy and chemical engineering. In order to understand mechanisms of corrosion and the function of corrosion inhibitors, the reactions at the interfaces between the corrosive electrolyte and a steel surface, particularly at the initial stages of the corrosion process, need to be described. Naturally, these reactions are strongly affected by the nature and properties of the steel surfaces. It is however seen that the majority of recent corrosion and corrosion-inhibition investigations are limited to electrochemical testing, with ex situ analysis of the treated steels (post-exposure analysis). The characterization of materials and their surface properties, such as texture and morphology, are not being considered in most studies. Similarly, in situ investigations of the initial stages of the corrosion reactions using advanced surface characterization techniques are scarce. In this review, attention is brought to the importance of surface features of carbon steels, such as texture and surface energy, along with defects dislocation related to mechanical processing of carbon steels. This work is extended to a critical review of surface analytical techniques used for characterization of carbon steels in corrosive media with particular focus on examining steel surfaces treated with corrosion inhibitors. Further, emerging surface analysis techniques and their applicability to analyse carbon steels in corrosive media are discussed. The importance of surface properties is commonly addressed by surface scientists as well as researchers in other chemistry fields such as nanotechnology, fuel cells, and catalysis. This article is expected to appeal to a broad scientific community, including but not limited to corrosion scientists, material chemists, analytical chemists, metal physicists, corrosion and materials engineers.