Curtin University

About: Curtin University is a education organization based out in Perth, Western Australia, Australia. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Zircon. The organization has 14257 authors who have published 48997 publications receiving 1336531 citations. The organization is also known as: WAIT & Western Australian Institute of Technology.

Reallocating Time to Sleep, Sedentary Behaviors, or Active Behaviors: Associations With Cardiovascular Disease Risk Biomarkers, NHANES 2005–2006

Abstract: Sleep and sedentary and active behaviors are linked to cardiovascular disease risk biomarkers, and across a 24-hour day, increasing time in 1 behavior requires decreasing time in another. We explored associations of reallocating time to sleep, sedentary behavior, or active behaviors with biomarkers. Data (n = 2,185 full sample; n = 923 fasting subanalyses) from the cross-sectional 2005-2006 US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were analyzed. The amounts of time spent in sedentary behavior, light-intensity activity, and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) were derived from ActiGraph accelerometry (ActiGraph LLC, Pensacola, Florida), and respondents reported their sleep duration. Isotemporal substitution modeling indicated that, independent of potential confounders and time spent in other activities, beneficial associations (P < 0.05) with cardiovascular disease risk biomarkers were associated with the reallocation of 30 minutes/day of sedentary time with equal time of either sleep (2.2% lower insulin and 2.0% lower homeostasis model assessment of β-cell function), light-intensity activity (1.9% lower triglycerides, 2.4% lower insulin, and 2.2% lower homeostasis model assessment of β-cell function), or MVPA (2.4% smaller waist circumference, 4.4% higher high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, 8.5% lower triglycerides, 1.7% lower glucose, 10.7% lower insulin, and 9.7% higher homeostasis model assessment of insulin sensitivity. These findings provide evidence that MVPA may be the most potent health-enhancing, time-dependent behavior, with additional benefit conferred from light-intensity activities and sleep duration when reallocated from sedentary time.

Identifying Accessory Mineral Saturation during Differentiation in Granitoid Magmas: an Integrated Approach

Abstract: characteristics are not as useful as those of other REE-rich accessory Numerical reconstructions of processes that may have operated during minerals as a petrogenetic indicator. igneous petrogenesis often model the behaviour of important trace elements. The geochemistry of these trace elements may be controlled by accessory mineral saturation and fractionation. Determination

Linguistic Distance: A Quantitative Measure of the Distance Between English and Other Languages

Abstract: This paper develops a scalar or quantitative measure of the "distance" between English and a myriad of other (non-native American) languages. This measure is based on the difficulty Americans have learning other languages. The linguistic distance measure is then used in an analysis of the determinants of English language proficiency among adult immigrants in the United States and Canada. It is shown that, when other determinants of English language proficiency are the same, the greater the measure of linguistic distance, the poorer is the respondent's English language proficiency. This measure can be used in research, evaluation and practitioner analyses, and for diagnostic purposes regarding linguistic minorities in English-speaking countries. The methodology can also be applied to develop linguistic distance measures for other languages.

3D-hierarchically structured MnO2 for catalytic oxidation of phenol solutions by activation of peroxymonosulfate: Structure dependence and mechanism

Abstract: Hierarchical materials have facilitated fascinating applications in heterogeneous catalysis due to that micro-sized bulk is easily separable and nano-sized sub-blocks can significantly enhance catalytic performance. In this study, corolla-like δ-MnO2 with sub-blocks of nanosheets, and urchin-shaped α-MnO2 with sub-blocks of nanorods were synthesized by a simple hydrothermal route. The hydrothermal temperature significantly influenced the crystal structure, morphology and textural structure of the obtained three-dimensional (3D) MnO2 catalysts. The catalytic activities of three samples prepared at 60, 100 and 110 °C (denoted as Mn-60, -100 and -110, respectively) were thoroughly evaluated by activation of peroxymonosulfate (PMS) for catalytic oxidation of phenol solutions. Based on first-order kinetics, the rate constants of Mn-60, -100 and -110 catalysts were determined to be 0.062, 0.132, and 0.075 min−1, respectively. The activation energy of Mn-100 in catalytic oxidation of phenol solutions was estimated to be 25.3 kJ/mol. The catalytic stability of Mn-100 was also tested and discussed by monitoring Mn leaching. Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), quenching tests, total organic carbon (TOC) analysis and identification of intermediates were applied to illustrate the activation processes of PMS and the mechanism of phenol degradation.