Showing papers by "Deen Dayal Upadhyay Gorakhpur University published in 2000"

Molluscicidal activity of Punica granatum bark and Canna indica root

Abstract: The molluscicidal activity of Punica granatum Linn. (Punicaceae) and Canna indica Linn. (Cannaceae) against the snail Lymnaea acuminata was studied. The molluscicidal activity of P. granatum bark and C. indica root was found to be both time and dose dependent. The toxicity of P. granatum bark was more pronounced than that of C. indica. The 24 h LC(50) of the column-purified root of C. indica was 6.54 mg/l whereas that of the column-purified bark of P. granatum was 4.39 mg/l. The ethanol extract of P. granatum (24 h LC(50): 22.42 mg/l) was more effective than the ethanol extract of C. indica (24 h LC(50): 55.65 mg/l) in killing the test animals. P. granatum and C. indica may be used as potent molluscicides since the concentrations used to kill the snails were not toxic for the fish Colisa fasciatus, which shares the same habitat with the snail L. acuminata.

Toxicity to the snail Limnaea acuminata of plant-derived molluscicides in combination with synergists

Abstract: The effects of combinations of plant-derived molluscicides with piperonyl butoxide (PB) or ENT 8184 (MGK-264) were studied on different enzyme activities and biogenic amine levels in the nervous tissue of Limnaea acuminata. 24-h in vivo exposure of the nervous tissue of L acuminata to 40% and 80% of the 24-h LC 50 of the plant-derived molluscicides Azadirachta indica oil, Allium sativum powder and oleoresin of Zingiber officinale rhizome and their active molluscicidal components azadirachtin, allicin and [6]-gingerol, alone or in combination (1+5) with PB or ENT 8184, caused a significant reduction in the activity of acetylcholinesterase, lactic dehydrogenase, acid and alkaline phosphatases and sodium-potassium ATPase. There was a significant increase in the activity of succinic dehydrogenase. In vivo exposure for 24h to sub-lethal concentrations of azadirachtin, allicin and [6]-gingerol, singly and with PB or ENT 8184, significantly altered the dopamine and 5-hydroxytryptamine levels in the nervous tissue of L acuminata. It is concluded that these active moieties singly or with PB or ENT 8184 adversely affect all known neurotransmission mechanisms in the snail, either separately or through a complex interaction between the different neurotransmitters.

Propagation of shock waves in a dusty gas with exponentially varying density

Abstract: The variation of flow-variables with distance, in the flow-field behind a shock wave propagating in a dusty gas with exponentially varying density, are obtained at different times. The equilibrium flow conditions are assumed to be maintained, and the results are compared with those obtained for a perfect gas. It is found that the presence of small solid particles in the medium has significant effects on the variation of density and pressure.

Rapid optical variability in radio-quiet QSOs

Abstract: ABSTRA C T We report results of the observations at the Vainu Bappu Observatory and the Uttar Pradesh State Observatory of eight radio-quiet quasi-stellar objects (RQQSOs) during 1996‐99. This is a part of our ongoing programme to search for intranight optical variability in RQQSOs. Additional evidence for very rapid variability in three of the five optically bright and very luminous RQQSOs we had observed earlier, 10492006, 14441408 and 16301377, was found. Of the three newly observed RQQSOs, the data for 00431039 are too noisy to allow conclusions about variability to be drawn, but 07481294 and 08241098 show strong hints of microvariability. We also present a summary of the results from our entire programme to date, which includes observations of 16 radio-quiet QSOs and one radio-weak QSO, and compare the general properties of rapid variability in radio-quiet versus radio-loud AGN as determined from our work and that of several other groups. Observations of this kind are likely to play a key role in understanding the relative contributions of accretion discs and relativistic plasma jets to rapid optical fluctuations of AGN.

Studies on essential oils, part 28: chemical composition, antifungal and insecticidal activities of rhizome volatile oil of Homalomena aromatica Schott.

Abstract: HPLC and GC–MS analysis of rhizome oil of Homalomena aromatica showed the presence of 39 components accounting for 96.9% of the total oil. The major component was linalool (62.1%), followed by terpinen-4-ol (17.2%), α-terpineol (2.4%), γ-terpinene (1.9%), α-cadinol (1.5%), geraniol (1.4%), nerol (1.4%), α-terpinene (1.0%), spatulenol (1.0%) and T-cadinol (1.0%). However, the higher percentage of linalool (87.5%) was obtained in HPLC studies. This oil showed good antifungal activity against Curvularia pallescens, Aspergillus niger and Fusarium graminearum as well as also showing insecticidal behaviour against white termite (Odontotermes obesus Rhamb.). Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

The Acute Toxicity of Plant Origin Pesticides into the Freshwater Fish Channa punctatus

Abstract: Mortality to fish Channa punctatus caused by the latices of four species of terrestrial plants belonging to family Euphorbiaceae and Apocynaceae have been reported. It was found that extremely dilute aqueous solutions of the latex were effective in killing the fishes. The ranking of toxicity of four plants was Nerium indicum > Euphorbia royleana > Thevetia peruviana > Jatropha gossypifolia. It has been suggested that these plant products cannot be used directly in freshwater ecosystem unless their detailed toxicity has been studied on the beneficial freshwater animals. Die akute Toxizitat von Pestiziden pflanzlichen Ursprunges fur den Suswasserfisch Channa punctatus Berichtet wird uber die Mortalitat von Channa punctatus, verursacht durch die Safte aus vier terrestrischen Pflanzenarten der Familien Euphorbiaceae und Apocynaceae. Selbst extreme wassrige Verdunnungen der Pflanzensafte erwiesen sich als effektiv toxisch fur die Fischart. Die Reihenfolge der Toxizitat ergibt sich zu Nerium indicum > Euphorbia royleana > Thevetia peruviana > Jatropha gossypifolia. Es wird vorgeschlagen, diese pflanzlichen Produkte nicht in Suswassersystemen anzuwenden, bevor nicht ihre Toxizitat gegen Suswasserorganismen naher untersucht ist.

Effect of different combinations of MGK-264 or piperonyl butoxide with plant-derived molluscicides on snail reproduction.

Abstract: Effect of sublethal treatment (20% and 60% of LC(50)/24 h) of plant-derived molluscicides, viz. Polianthes tuberosa, Trachyspermum ammi, Allium sativum powder; Azadirachta indica oil; oleoresin of Zingiber officinale; and their active molluscicidal component in combination (1:5) with MGK-264 or piperonyl butoxide on the reproduction of snail Lymnaea acuminata have been studied. It was observed that the combination of plant derived molluscicide and their active molluscicidal components, viz. tigogenin, hecogenin, azadirachtin, allicin, thymol, and [6]-gingerol combination with MGK-264 or piperonyl butoxide caused a significant reduction in fecundity, hatchability, and survival of young snails. Withdrawal of snails to fresh water after the above treatment caused a significant recovery in the fecundity of L. acuminata.

Effect of Single and Binary Combinations of Plant-Derived Molluscicides on Reproduction and Survival of the Snail Achatina fulica

Abstract: The effects of sublethal treatments (20% and 60% of LC50/24 h) with plant-derived molluscicides on the reproduction of the giant African snail Achatina fulica were studied. Azadirachta indica oil, Cedrus deodara oil, Allium sativum bulb powder, and Nerium indicum bark powder singly and binary combinations on reproduction and survival of A. fulica were investigated. Repeated treatment occurred on day 0, day 15, and day 30. These plant-derived molluscicides significantly reduced fecundity, egg viability, and survival of A. fulica within 15 days. Discontinuation of the treatments after day 30 did not lead to a recovery trend in the next 30 days. Day 0 sublethal treatment of all the molluscicides caused a maximum reduction in protein, amino acid, DNA, RNA, and phospholipid levels and simultaneous increase in lipid peroxidation in the ovotestis of treated A. fulica. It is believed that sublethal exposure of these molluscicides on snail reproduction is a complex process, involving more than one factor in reducing the reproductive capacity of A. fulica.

Occurrence of sugarcane yellow leaf virus in india

Abstract: Occurrence of sugarcane yellow leaf syndrome (SCYLV) has been reported from four states (UP, Haryana, Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu) of India The association of SCYLV was confirmed by DAC-ELISA test using polyclonal antiserum This is the first report of the occurrence of sugarcane yellow leaf virus in India

Reactions of bis(cyclopentadienyl)titanium(IV) and zirconium(IV) chlorides with 1,1′-diacetylferrocenyl bis(hydrazones). Formation of trimetallic derivatives

Abstract: Bis(cyclopentadienyl)titanium(IV) and zirconium(IV) chlorides react with bis(hydrazones) derived from 1,1′-diacetylferrocene in anhydrous THF in the presence of base to give complexes of the type [(Cp2MCl)2L] [M = Ti or Zr; LH2 = ferrocenyl bis(hydrazones)]. Tentative structures are proposed for these complexes based upon elemental analyses, electrical conductance, magnetic moment and spectroscopic data.

Lanthanum(III) and praseodymium(III) complexes of acetylferrocenyl mercaptotriazoles

Abstract: Schiff base complexes derived from 3-substituted phenyl-4-amino-thiolato-1,2,4-triazoles and acetylferrocene (LH), with lanthanum(III) and praseodymium(III) of the type [M(L)3] have been prepared and characterised by elemental analysis, electrical conductance, magnetic moments and spectral (electronic, i.r., 1H-n.m.r. and 13C-n.m.r.) data. The thermal behaviour of selected complexes was investigated by t.g. and d.t.g. techniques.

New Pseudocercospora species causing foliar diseases in plain forests of Vindhya region in India

Abstract: This paper deals with descriptions and illustrations of four new species of Pseudocercospora, P. cassiae-sophorae, P. cocculicola, P. eucalypticola and P. kolanensis, occurring on Cassia sophora [C. sophera], Cocculus hirsutus, Eucalyptus sp. and Woodfordia sp., respectively. The fungi were collected from forests of Vindhyan region, Uttar Pradesh.

Studies on Energetic (Non) Compounds. Part 21: Preparation and thermal decomposition of ring substituted dimethyl anilinium bromides

Abstract: Six isomeric dimethyl anilinium bromides (DMABr) have been prepared and characterized by elemental and spectroscopic studies. Thermal decomposition of these salts has been studied by TG and simultaneous TG-DTA techniques. Kinetic parameters have been evaluated from isothermal TG data using contracting area and contracting cube equations. The decomposition pathways have also been suggested which involves simultaneous sublimation (at lower temperature) and dissociative vaporization/decomposition (at higher temperature).

Chronic Illness, Symptoms and Efficacy in Children as Related to Some Psychological Characteristics of Mothers

Abstract: This paper examines the relationship between attitude towards health and neuroti cism and reporting of physical and psychological systems in mothers of chroni cally ill and healthy children. The relationship between reporting of symptoms by mothers, and complaints reported by the two groups of chronically ill and healthy children was also studied. Further, influence of the illness, and physical and psy chological complaints on academic and social behaviour, and efficacy of children were investigated. A total of 100 mothers and children were included in the study. Of these, 25 were chronically ill children and their mothers, and 25 were healthy children and their mothers. Results reveal that health attitudes and physical as well as psychological symptoms reported by mothers of chronically ill children were negatively and significantly correlated. In the case of chronically ill children, mothers'symptom reporting waspositively correlated with mothers' neuroticism, on the one hand, and the number of physical...

Musa paradisiaca stem juice as a source of peroxidase and ligninperoxidase.

Abstract: Musa paradisiaca stem juice has been shown to contain peroxidase activity of the order of 0.1 enzyme unit/ml. The Km values of this peroxidase for the substrates guaiacol and hydrogen peroxide are 2.4 and 0.28 mM respectively. The pH and temperature optima are 4.5 and 62.5 degrees C respectively. Like other peroxidases, it follows double displacement type mechanism. At low pH, Musa paradisiaca stem juice exhibits ligninperoxidase type activity. The pH optimum for ligninperoxidase type activity is 2.0 and the temperature optimum is 24 degrees C. The Km values for veratryl alcohol and n-propanol are 66 and 78 microM respectively.

Synthesis and Characterization of Some New Organotin(Iv) Complexes of a Schiff Base Derived from Salicylaldehyde and Hydrazine Hydrate

Abstract: Herein are described the synthesis and characterization of the complexes of the formulae R3SnL and R2SnLn Cl2-n where R = Ph, n-Bu and L = N,N′-hydrazinebis(salicylideneimine). All the complexes have been characterized by elemental analyses, molecular weight determinations and spectroscopic (IR, 1H, 13C and 119Sn NMR) studies.

Synthesis of some N1-phenyl-N3-[2-aryl/aryloxymethyl-1,3,4-oxa(thia)diazol-2-yl]sulphonyl ureas as potential pesticides.

Abstract: N1-Phenyl-N3-aryl/aryloxymethyl[1,3,4-oxa(thia)diazol-2-yl]s ulphonyl ureas (4 and 7) were conveniently prepared from 2-aryl/aryloxymethyl- 1,3,4-oxa(thia)diazol-2-sulphonamide (3 and 6) and phenyl isothiocyanate. Sulphonamides were synthesised by the reaction of 2-aryl/aryloxymethyl-1,3,4-oxa(thia)diazol-2-sulphonyl chlorides (2 and 5) with ammonia. All the compounds have been tested for fungicidal activity against the fungal species Cephalosporium saccharii and Helminthosporium oryzae. The two species of the aquatic fungi viz. Saprolegnia parasitica and Achlya orion responsible for fish mycoses were tested and also found remarkably active. All the compounds were also tested for herbicidal activity against Digiteria ciliaris, Oryza sativa and Raphunus sativa.

Synthetic and Spectroscopic Investigations of bis(cyclopentadienyl)Titanium(IV)/Zirconium(IV) Derivatives with Isatin Hydrazones

Abstract: The reactions of CP2MCl2 (M = Ti or Zr) with hydrazones (H2L) derived from isatin and aromatic acid hydrazides (benzoic, 4—chlorobenzoic, 4—nitrobenzoic, 4—methoxybenzoic, picolinic, nicotinic and isonicotinic) have been studied and complexes of the type [Cp2M(L)] were obtained. Tentative structural conclusions are drawn for the reaction products based upon elemental analyses, electrical conductance, magnetic moments and spectral (U.V.- Vis., IR, 1H NMR and 13C NMR) data

New Cercospora spp. associated with vegetable crops in north eastern Uttar Pradesh.

Abstract: Three new species of Cercospora, viz., C. capsicigena, C. lycopersicicola and C. solanigena, collected on Capsicum annuum, Lycopersicon esculentum and Solanum melongena, respectively, are described and illustrated. They are compared with other morphological similar taxa.

Synthesis and Spectroscopic Studies of Some Titanium(Iv) Complexes of N,N″-Ethylenebis(Salicylideneimine)

Abstract: This paper describes the synthesis and spectroscopic studies of some titanium(IV) complexes of N,N′- ethylenebis(salicylideneimine). The complexes have been synthesized by the reaction of TiCl4 with the sodium salt of the ligand (prepared in situ) in different molar ratios and were characterized by elemental analyses, molecular weight measurements and spectroscopic (IR, 1H and 13C NMR) studies.