scispace - formally typeset
Search or ask a question

Showing papers by "Department of Biotechnology published in 2022"


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a comprehensive discussion on the structural patterns, preparation, properties of MXene and its application for the removal of toxic pollutants like Radionuclide, Uranium, Thorium, and dyes is presented.

103 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a review of the methodologies for valorization of agro-industrial wastes and their exploitation for generation of renewable energy products is presented, where the authors highlight the cascading use of biomass from agro industrial wastes into the systemic approach for economic development.

61 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a review on various classes of nanoadsorbents and their application to wastewater treatment is presented, which provides a bird's eye view of the suitability of different types of nanomaterials for remediation of wastewater.

43 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A review on the environmental pollution generated from printed circuit boards and the methods employed to retrieve valuable and hazardous metals present in the e-wastes is presented in this paper, where different classes of microorganisms have been utilized for precious metal recovery from the PCBs through bio-leaching process such as chemolithoautotrophy, heterotrophic and different fungal species including Aspergillus sp. and Penicillium sp.

42 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors highlighted the current literature and explained the synthesis, structure, morphology, modification strategies, and photocatalytic applications of emerging BiPO4-based photocatalyst.

38 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, an eco-friendly method for rapidly synthesizing silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using Asafoetida ethanol extracts and to validate AgNPs synthesis using UV-vis spectroscopy (absorption spectrum), FTIR (functional groups), XRD (crystallinity), FE-SEM (size of the particles) and SEM-EDAX (Purity).

36 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the experimental findings on the adsorption of different aqueous pollutants using ZIFs were evaluated and it was shown that NaOH, methanol and ethanol are more suitable and effective eluents for desorption from ZIF.

33 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a review comprehensively discusses the recent progress, avenues and challenges in the approaches aimed at valorisation of agro-industrial wastes along with possible opportunities in the bioeconomy.

29 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The bi-layered patch demonstrated enhanced cardiac function, reduced scar formation, significantly attenuating adverse cardiac remodelling through improved angiogenesis and decreased oxidative stress for enhanced heart regeneration after myocardial infarction.

19 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a study was devised to assess and review nanoparticles' role on efflux systems and discuss how specialized particles can be designed towards an infectious host's particular drug ejection systems.

19 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present up-to-date and state-of-the-art information on the roles of QS and QS-mediated strategies in industrial waste treatment including biological treatments (such as activated sludge), highlighting their potentials using examples from the pulp and paper mill industry, hydrocarbon remediation and phytoremediation.


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a comprehensive literature review was done based on the information collected from Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India; books, research articles and databases such as ScienceDirect, Wiley Online Library, SciFinder, Scopus, Springer, Google Scholar, Web of Science, ACS Publications and PubMed.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the CuI catalyzed synthesis of some novel fused benzothiazole-1,2,3-triazole hybrids (5a-5o) in one-pot.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the synthesis of a new Schiff base from sulfanilamide and 3,5-diiodosalicylaldehyde which showed some unique properties was reported, which was analyzed using various spectral tools like FTIR, 1HNMR and UV-VIS and compared with simulated results, which showed high correlation.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the cellulase/iron oxide magnetic composites (CMNPS) were used for the enhanced production of cellulase enzyme from the soil fungus A. niger.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a double-layered mechanism of phosphate capturing was proposed, where one functional group of La-SSBC adsorbent describing a prone direction of the PO4 ions on the stabilize surface in a multi-ionic process, forming the first layer adsorption.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Mechanistic study showed that pure cN16E damages bacterial membranes, whereas cN 16E-CuS produces additional effect through producing excess reactive oxygen species and exhibit superior antimicrobial activity at lower concentration.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a Driver-Pressure-State-Impact-Response (DPSIR) framework has been proposed to understand PFAS from the source of emission and their impacts on the environment.
Abstract: Per/polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), regarded as “forever chemicals”, are a class of emerging contaminants occurring worldwide that pose many serious environmental issues to water quality and human health. The presence of strong carbon‑fluorine bonds in their backbone and their physicochemical properties offer them resistance and restrict them from breaking down into simple compounds in the environment. There are many challenges to be addressed in the detection and removal from the environment. In this comprehensive review, a Driver-Pressure-State-Impact-Response (DPSIR) framework has been proposed to understand PFAS from the source of emission and their impacts on the environment. We reviewed the various detection methodologies for monitoring PFAS levels and analytical techniques for their quantification to know their environmental levels. The challenges and scope of various treatment technologies developed and implemented have also been critically discussed. The future perspectives of PFAS, including their source reduction and framing regulatory policies and the challenges faced when moving towards a sustainable future, are focused.

Book ChapterDOI
01 Jan 2022
TL;DR: In this article, various literature available on LCA studies of algae biodiesel production are evaluated, depicting that some comprehensive studies compiling various techniques. But, the paucity in the systematic framework for LCA in the biofuel production process also affected the LCA outputs.
Abstract: For sustainability assessment of algal biodiesel production, life cycle analysis (LCA) offers a quantitative measure. In this chapter, various literature available on LCA studies of algae biodiesel production are evaluated, depicting that some comprehensive studies compiling various techniques. LCA outputs are dependent on various inputs such as the algae species, bioreactor type, and biochemical reaction conditions. Nevertheless, the paucity in the systematic framework for LCA in the biofuel production process also affected the LCA outputs. In addition, the system boundaries, temporal units, choice of allocation, land utilization, and biogenic carbon source have to be redefined; along with the other unconsidered variables (till now) such as infrastructure construction, systematic maintenance, transportation, waste management, and process intensification, and the overall cost involved should also be included in the LCA method. This chapter covers an inclusive and critical overview of the LCA and techno-economic and policy analyses for the complete algal biodiesel procedure that can assist in future-related studies.

Book ChapterDOI
01 Jan 2022
TL;DR: In this article, the role of paclitaxel in the treatment of different types of breast cancer based on clinical trial studies was reviewed and toxicities and chemoresistance were demonstrated.
Abstract: The rate of breast cancer has been rapidly increasing over the last few years. Extensive development of breast cancer treatment directed to the discovery of new anticancer drugs. These chemotherapeutic drugs are involved in the suppression of breast cancer, however, toxicity related to these drugs could not be ignored. Paclitaxel is considered as an important drug for breast cancer treatment. Paclitaxel has been utilized for breast cancer treatment as a single agent in first-line therapy, or in combination therapy with other drugs or agents or anti-HER2 antibody. Adjuvant and neoadjuvant clinical trials also displayed paclitaxel efficiency in different types of breast cancer. Apart from paclitaxel efficacy, as demonstrated in this chapter, paclitaxel treatment is also associated with toxicity and chemoresistance. Also, this chapter reviews the role of paclitaxel in the treatment of different types of breast cancer based on clinical trial studies and paclitaxel related toxicities and chemoresistance.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article , the authors tracked the city-wide dynamics of severe acute respiratory syndrome-corona virus 2 ribonucleic acids (SARS-CoV-2 RNA) in the wastewater from nine different wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) in Jaipur during the second wave of COVID-19 out-break in India.
Abstract: The present study tracked the city-wide dynamics of severe acute respiratory syndrome-corona virus 2 ribonucleic acids (SARS-CoV-2 RNA) in the wastewater from nine different wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) in Jaipur during the second wave of COVID-19 out-break in India. A total of 164 samples were collected weekly between February 19th and June 8th, 2021. SARS-CoV-2 was detected in 47.2% (52/110) influent samples and 37% (20/54) effluent samples. The increasing percentage of positive influent samples correlated with the city's increasing active clinical cases during the second wave of COVID-19 in Jaipur. Furthermore, wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) evidence clearly showed early detection of about 20 days (9/9 samples reported positive on April 20th, 2021) before the maximum cases and maximum deaths reported in the city on May 8th, 2021. The present study further observed the presence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in treated effluents at the time window of maximum active cases in the city even after tertiary disinfection treatments of ultraviolet (UV) and chlorine (Cl2) disinfection. The average genome concentration in the effluents and removal efficacy of six commonly used treatments, activated sludge process + chlorine disinfection (ASP + Cl2), moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR) with ultraviolet radiations disinfection (MBBR + UV), MBBR + chlorine (Cl2), sequencing batch reactor (SBR), and SBR + Cl2, were compared with removal efficacy of SBR + Cl2 (81.2%) > MBBR + UV (68.8%) > SBR (57.1%) > ASP (50%) > MBBR + Cl2 (36.4%). The study observed the trends and prevalence of four genes (E, RdRp, N, and ORF1ab gene) based on two different kits and found that prevalence of N > ORF1ab > RdRp > E gene suggested that the effective genome concentration should be calculated based on the presence/absence of multiple genes. Hence, it is imperative to say that using a combination of different detection genes (E, N, RdRp, & ORF1ab genes) increases the sensitivity in WBE.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper , a review of microbial-integrated strategies and recent advances in microbialintegrated techniques for proficient removal of heavy metals from industrial wastewater in a cheaper and cleaner way is presented.
Abstract: Industrial and developmental activities have raised heavy metal loads in wastewater and their inappropriate treatment before disposal causes grave dilemma to the environment. Chromium (Cr), cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) are highly toxic heavy metals and extensively used hence, excessively generated with disposing effluent from the industries like paint, battery, electroplating, tannery, paper and pulp, textile, smelting and mining has raised the public attention owing to health concerns. Microbial-remediation processes are considered as environmentally benign options and their integration with existing treatment techniques can construct advanced types of systems in terms of their cost and efficiency due to their synergistic action. These microbial-integrated techniques are gaining popularity these days. There are varieties of microbial-integrated strategy which has been investigated carefully for efficient removal of Cr, Cd, and Pb and has been published in leading journals. In this review, we have critically discussed the microbial–integrated strategies and recent advances in microbial-integrated techniques for proficient removal of Cr, Pb, and Cd from industrial wastewater in a cheaper and cleaner way. In addition, the advantages and disadvantages of the integrated system also have been discussed in this review. The microbial integrated systems such as bioelectrochemical, photo-bioelectrochemical, nano-microbial, and constructed wetland showed excellent performance and have tremendous potential for large scale exploitation. To conclude, microbial-integrated techniques proved as excellent remedial options for Cr, Pb and Cd contaminated wastewater that has been discussed well in this review. These integrated processes may be cost-effective, viable, more efficient and less time taking than the existing techniques and have intense opportunity.


Book ChapterDOI
01 Jan 2022
TL;DR: A comprehensive overview of the crucial auxiliary genes, and this knowledge will pave the way for establishing strategies for safe and efficient reprogramming is presented in this article, where various studies have identified numerous genes playing a vital role in the generation of bona fide mouse and human iPSCs in a variety of rep-rogramming factor combinations.
Abstract: Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) derived using integration-free reprogramming approaches have improved the prospects of these cells for various biomedical applications. Typically, iPSCs are generated by introducing a specific cohort of reprogramming factors into adult somatic cells. The initial studies identified two reprogramming factor combinations [Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc (also known as Yamanaka factors) and Oct4, Sox2, Nanog, and Lin28 (also known as Thomson factors)] to derive iPSCs. Subsequently, various studies have identified numerous genes playing a vital role in the generation of bona fide mouse and human iPSCs in a variety of reprogramming factor combinations. Further exploring the role of these genes would provide a holistic understanding of the reprogramming process and will immensely contribute toward realizing the full potential of these cells. In this chapter, we present a comprehensive overview of the crucial auxiliary genes, and this knowledge will pave the way for establishing strategies for safe and efficient reprogramming.

Book ChapterDOI
01 Jan 2022
TL;DR: Taxol (paclitaxel) is a complex diterpenoid which is widely used chemotherapeutic drug for treating different types of cancers, such as breast, ovarian, lung cancers, in addition to Kaposi's sarcoma.
Abstract: Taxol (paclitaxel), a complex diterpenoid is the most potent, and widely used chemotherapeutic drug for treating different types of cancers, such as breast, ovarian, lung cancers, in addition to Kaposi's sarcoma. Taxol was firstly, recovered from Taxus brevifolia tree. It is one of the highly valued natural compounds, approved by the FDA (Food and Drug Administration), USA for treating several cancer types. However, increased global demand was fulfilled from its major plant source, T. brevifolia. Further, the over exploitation of this tree species from nature, in addition to its lower yield of taxol led to exploration of other alternative resources, including other Taxus species and semi-synthetic approaches. Further, endophytic microbes capable of producing taxol were also discovered from known taxol and non-taxol producing plants. The cell fermentation techniques were optimized to improve the yield of taxol with limited accomplishments. Taxol affects cancer cells by various mechanisms of action, such as Bcl-2 phosphorylation, modulating microtubules polymerization, mitochondrial calcium ion concentrations influx or efflux, the regulation of miRNAs expression cascades, etc. Moreover, studies have suggested the possibilities of taxol directly impacting on the immune systems during carcinogenesis. This chapter provides comprehensive information about the occurrence, discovery, chemistry, and molecular mechanisms of action of taxol.

Book ChapterDOI
01 Jan 2022
TL;DR: In this article, sources of endophytic fungi, their association with host plants, and their influence in producing the anticancer compound, paclitaxel, from their host plants are discussed.
Abstract: One of the most effective antitumor drugs is the Taxol (paclitaxel), a diterpenoid compound initially sequestered from the Pacific yew tree bark extract in the middle of 1960s. With a distinctive mode of action, paclitaxel is effective against several types of cancers, and hence there is an increasing demand for its worldwide supply. It is difficult to meet the present market requisite using existing industrial production approaches for the drug, i.e., total chemical synthesis and semi-synthesis by extracting paclitaxel precursors from the Pacific yew (Taxus brevifolia) tree species. Therefore, other methods have been meticulously explored, and one such encouraging strategy is the use of endophytic fungi. In this chapter, sources of endophytic fungi, their association with host plants, and their influence in producing the anticancer compound, paclitaxel, from their host plants are discussed. Also, paclitaxel-producing endophytic fungi and their possible scientific exploration are explained in detail.

Book ChapterDOI
01 Jan 2022
TL;DR: In this article, the authors discuss about the cancer biology and various conventional and modern treatment approaches to combat diverse forms of cancer, including gene therapy, targeted silencing by siRNAs, the expression of genes triggering apoptosis and wild tumor suppressors.
Abstract: Cancer is the uncontrolled growth and development of cells in the body, and is one of the foremost reasons of deaths throughout the world. There are over 100 different types of cancers that are categorized on the basis of the affected tissue or organ of the human body. Cancer, a multifactorial malady involves multifarious changes in the genome due to interactions with the individual’s environment. The hallmarks of the cancer are uninhibited replication, inability to respond to growth signals, resulting in arrest of the cell division, continuous angiogenesis, resistance to apoptosis, and the ability to infiltrate other tissues. Currently, cancers can be cured by means of both conventional tonic approaches, i.e., surgery, radiation therapy and chemotherapy, and nonconventional or complementary therapeutic methods, including hormone therapy, immunotherapy, nanotherapy, etc. These well-established therapeutic interventions specifically target the tumors and either inhibit or slow down the growth rate of cells, but incompetent to completely provide protection. Nevertheless, these existing cancer cure practices cause adverse side effects, and largely distress the normal cells, tissues, and organs. Selecting the best cancer therapy approach depends on various factors, such as the type of malignancies, growth stages, age, management frequencies, dosage of medicines, and healthiness of patients. More recently, various molecular-based approaches are being increasingly researched, including gene therapy, targeted silencing by siRNAs, the expression of genes triggering apoptosis and wild tumor suppressors. This chapter discusses about the cancer biology and various conventional and modern treatment approaches to combat diverse forms of cancer.

Book ChapterDOI
01 Jan 2022
TL;DR: In this article, eco-friendly techniques such as bioremediation, phytoremediations, coagulation process by natural coagulants, and biogenic nanomaterials applied for the removal of organic pollutants from the textile effluent are elaborately discussed.
Abstract: Textile industries play a crucial role in Indian economy and also cause serious issues on environmental pollution. The demand of colors, fade-resistant garments, and other hue products are increasing in day-to-day lifestyle, triggering the blooming of dyeing industries. These factories utilize colossal volume of water and various chemical substances for dyeing process and release toxic organic pollutants such as organic azo-dyes, surfactants, and phenolic compounds with effluent to the environment which severely disturb the natural balance and affect all forms of living beings. Higher concentration of colored compounds in the effluent mixed with surface water reduces the flow of sunlight and prevents the photosynthetic process of aquatic vegetation. Also, it affects the fertility of agricultural land and health impacts in human and animals. The changes in physicochemical nature of surface and underground water quality due to textile effluent lead to water crisis. Conventional treatment methods are expensive and not sufficient in efficient removal of organic pollutants from the wastewater. Thus, economically and ecologically safe approaches are needed for the treatment of textile industry effluent to prevent and conserve natural resources without affecting the growth of this sector. In this chapter, eco-friendly techniques such as bioremediation, phytoremediation, coagulation process by natural coagulants, and biogenic nanomaterials applied for the removal of organic pollutants from the textile effluent are elaborately discussed.

Book ChapterDOI
01 Jan 2022
TL;DR: In this article, the authors discuss pharmaceutical contamination and pollution created by personal care products and address the means of elimination by biological and chemical methods like adsorption / bioadsorption, activated carbon adsorptive, sedimentation, coagulation, advanced oxidation processes, photooxidation, ozonation, biological treatment, and electrochemical processes.
Abstract: Many pharmaceutical companies utilize confidentiality composition as a means to escape the norms imposed by the pollution regulation control. Derivatives of pharmaceutical compounds (hormones, volatile organic compounds, antibiotics, and surfactants) and their metabolites are toxic (ecosystem of aquatic, terrestrial, and human health), and antibiotic-resistant microbial species are wastewater sources from houses, pharmaceutical industry, and hospitals. The wastewater comprises large quantity of salt, organic matter, microbial toxicity creating COD and BOD, and ever-increasing innovations in the field of medicine also increases the usage of pharmaceutical drugs, thereby increasing the rate of pollution. Pollution begins from the production and processing of pharmaceutical products until the cycle of consumption. This chapter explicates pharmaceutical contamination and pollution created by personal care products and addresses the means of elimination by biological and chemical methods like adsorption / bioadsorption, activated carbon adsorption, sedimentation, coagulation, advanced oxidation processes, photooxidation, ozonation, biological treatment, and electrochemical processes. Eco-friendly approaches are derived from the biological treatment by microbial process (composting, vermicomposting, aerobic and anaerobic techniques), and they do not produce secondary waste and also convert the toxic to non-toxic form. This has also demonstrated the benefits and demerits of the removal measures. This chapter summarizes the important overviews of key publications on pharmaceutical products.