Department of Biotechnology

About: Department of Biotechnology is a government organization based out in New Delhi, India. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Silver nanoparticle. The organization has 4800 authors who have published 5033 publications receiving 82022 citations.

Future applications of electrospun nanofibers in pressure driven water treatment: A brief review and research update

Abstract: Nanotechnology, in terms of nanomaterials e.g. nanoparticles, polymeric nanomaterials, 2D nanosheets, or electrospun nanofibrous membranes, nanocomposites for desalination or water-treatment applications, is an emerging concept that has rapidly grown in interest as a method for improving the water quality. With the increasing knowledge of nanomaterial fabrication techniques, researchers throughout the globe are targeting more on the synthesis and manufacturing processes of nanomaterials for various applications. The process of electrospinning for making nanofibers completely allows synthetic and natural polymers incorporating different functional materials. Recently, scientists have proposed various types of electrospun membranes using fluorinated polymers and hydrocarbon polymers because of their intrinsic hydrophobicity. Electrospun membranes have been researched in several types of membrane separation and water purification processes. The application of electrospun nanofiber membranes in water purification constituting a primary research axis and experiments that have already been conducted in various laboratories are reviewed in this paper. In this review, recent updates are reviewed concerning the different applications of desalination and water treatment. Additionally, critical comments and the future of nanofiber applications in desalination and water treatment have been given in this review.

Bioethanol production from tuber crops using fermentation technology: a review

Abstract: Bioethanol, an alcohol produced by fermentation of plant biomass containing starch and sugars by micro-organisms, considered as a dominant form of fuel for future. Production of this renewable fuel, especially from starchy materials such as tuber crops, holds a remarkable potential to meet the future energy demand because of its high production and comparitively less demand for use as food and fodder. This review focuses on the world bioethanol production scenario from various tuber crops, namely cassava, sweet potato, potato, yam, aroids, sugar beet, etc., fermentation techniques and micro-organisms used in fermentation process along with its future prospects. The advances in metabolic pathway engineering and genetic engineering techniques have led to the development of micro-organisms capable of efficiently converting biomass sugars into ethanol. Several biotechnological tools that are also available for the improvement of microorganisms to meet the harsh environments typically met with certain industri...