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Showing papers by "DePaul University published in 1987"


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Results indicated that age of onset is an important and accurate discriminator of extent of subsequent delinquency and a mullivariate model of psychosocial variables appears likely to provide a comparatively accurate and useful discriminatory model for prediction.
Abstract: A substantial body of research suggests that age of onset is a viable discriminator of risk for chronic versus transient delinquency. Also, a mullivariate model of psychosocial variables (demographics, individual, school, and family functioning) appears likely to provide a comparatively accurate and useful discriminatory model for prediction. These two findings were applied to a normal sample of male adolescents (N=199, ages 15–18) to study the relationship of age of onset to delinquent behavior (as opposed to use of legal status to denote delinquency) and legal status. Additionally, the efficiency and improvement over chance accuracy of a multivariate model developed as part of a larger research project was tested. Results indicated that age of onset is an important and accurate discriminator of extent of subsequent delinquency. Subjects with an early age of onset reported more delinquent behavior, were more likely to be adjudicated, and showed different patterns of delinquency. A combination of demographic, individual, school, and family variables predicted age of onset.

152 citations



Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The results imply that McFarlan and McKenney's model provides, at least in general, an explanation of technological diffusion.
Abstract: Innovation is considered to be an important quality in many successful organizations The nature of the innovation adaptation process within the organization, however, is not well understood This article examines the efficacy of McFarlan and McKenney's diffusion model as a descriptor of actual behavior Specifically, the responses of 412 companies were examined with respect to the integration of personal computers into their organizations The results imply that McFarlan and McKenney's model provides, at least in general, an explanation of technological diffusion

126 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: AddingSelf-help support groups to a program involving self-help manuals and the media reports was found to significantly increase abstinence and its maintenance over time.
Abstract: At the work site, smoking accounts for increased health care expenses and worker absenteeism due to smoking-related illness and reduced productivity and lost wages. Developing comprehensive and accessible smoking cessation programs at the work site is an important objective for health care professionals. In this study, employees of 43 corporations participated in a televised smoking cessation program accompanied by self-help manuals. The media component involved presenting a smoking cessation program on a network television affiliate station during the 4:30 p.m. and 10:00 p.m. news for 20 days. Employees at half the corporations also had access to semiweekly self-help group meetings. Adding self-help support groups to a program involving self-help manuals and the media reports was found to significantly increase abstinence and its maintenance over time. The implications of using the media, self-help groups, and work site locations in large-scale community-based interventions are discussed.

54 citations




Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A major home improvement chain located primarily in the western United States initiated the use of the Personnel Selection Inventory, a written integrity test, as part of its pre-employment hiring process as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: A major home improvement chain located primarily in the western United States initiated the use of thePersonnel Selection Inventory, a written integrity test, as part of its pre-employment hiring process. For two years only, those job applicants who passed this test and other pre-employment criteria were hired by the chain. Following the introduction of the inventory, there was: (1) a 50% reduction in the number of employee terminations for theft, illegal drug use, and violence over a five year period and (2) a savings in shrinkage losses that amounted to over two million dollars over a two year period.

31 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Although the number of GH cells increases gradually during embryonic development, there is a statistically significant difference between Days 10.5 and 12.5 in both the cellular density and the percentage of somatotrophs and aspects of the regulation of growth hormone synthesis and secretion in the chick embryo are discussed.

28 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the Jacobson radical of R * U(L) for a Lie algebra over a field K which acts as K-derivations on a K-algebra R is described.
Abstract: LetL be a Lie algebra over a fieldK which acts asK-derivations on aK-algebraR. Then this action determines a crossed productR *U(L) whereU(L) is the enveloping algebra ofL. The goal of this paper is to describe the Jacobson radical ofR * U(L) forL≠0. We are most successful whenR is a p.i. algebra or Noetherian. In more general situations we at least obtain upper and lower bounds forJ(R * U(L)) which are ideals extended fromR. Furthermore, we offer an interesting example in all characteristics of a commutativeK-algebraC which admits a derivationδ such thatC isδ-prime but not semiprime.

27 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The findings of this study support the continued use and research on the retrospective pretest, particularly as they relate to tobacco usage.
Abstract: Two self-report techniques assessed student behaviors before and after a life-skills substance abuse prevention program, targeted at seventh graders in an inner-city elementary school. The retrospe...

27 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used psychological research findings to formulate legislation to increase child passenger safety and found that the process is most successful when researchers are sensitive to the policy making process.
Abstract: Research findings have been used by states to formulate legislation to increase child passenger safety. Case studies from Kansas and Illinois are presented. The process is most successful when researchers are sensitive to the policy making process. The implications for the use of psychological research findings are discussed. Language: en




Journal ArticleDOI
John L. Rury1
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors discuss the relation between education and sexual equity in the context of historical perspective: "We teach the girl repression, the boy expression" and "sexuality, sex equity and education in historical perspective".
Abstract: (1987). “We teach the girl repression, the boy expression”: Sexuality, sex equity and education in historical perspective. Peabody Journal of Education: Vol. 64, Sex Equity and Sexuality in Education, pp. 44-58.

Journal ArticleDOI

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined the relationship between arson and selected sociological factors and found that social structures leading to criminal activity rather than poverty or general economic factors appear most related to arson in a given state.
Abstract: This article examines the relationship between arson and selected sociological factors. Factor analysis was applied to 14 socioeconomic factors to produce the composite factors of social climate, income structure, economic climate and social structure. These four sociological factors were used as the independent variables in a series of multiple regressions with five arson-related measures. Statistically significant regression models were determined at the state level for property loss (total fires), number of fires and number of arsons. Findings indicate that poorer, more rural states have the lowest arson rates while arson is greatest in more urban states with correspondingly higher levels of violent crime. Social structures leading to criminal activity rather than poverty or general economic factors appear most related to arson in a given state.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the paradigm concept is used to answer these questions and to provide some insights into the nature of future organisational forms, such as how bureaucracies are created, maintained and changed, and why people resist change.
Abstract: What happens when change agents intervene to change corporate structures? What is the well‐documented “resistance to change” phenomenon? How are bureaucracies created, maintained and changed? Why do people resist change? The paradigm concept is used to answer these questions and to provide some insights into the nature of future organisational forms.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The issues of profit, its moral meaning, justification and role, need careful examination as mentioned in this paper, and steps toward clarifying these issues include distinguishing profit as the goal of the corporation from the larger goals of the economy itself, and clarifying what we mean by profit.
Abstract: The issues of profit, its moral meaning, justification and role, need careful examination. Mistakes to be avoided in making moral sense of profit include the assumption that profitability establishes a company's moral rectitude. Profit is too complex a phenomenon to establish any such thing. Steps toward clarifying these issues include distinguishing profit as the goal of the corporation from the larger goals of the economy itself, and clarifying what we mean by profit. ‘Profit’ often includes the moral or value consideration of having been rightly or fairly earned. This provides one starting point internal to business for formulating standards for business ethics.

Journal ArticleDOI
Donald Hermann1
TL;DR: This artidc will examinc du prcccdan, argumcna, and possible dt6cnses in these areas and in relationship to a variety of potential dckndana.
Abstract: Ciwndupain, i x q x i t y , and& thaafflictpemnswith AIDS, it is not suqrising tha thosr exposed to HIV or those who havc dtvelopbd AIDS may smxtimes hl thansehres wrongpdudcntided00legaldarnap. Thacarerwomain amas of paantid AIDSrrlapd litigation: liability dand 00 medical malpractk and liability rclaad m transnission, w k t k r via contaminated Mood or blood products, needlesharing, childbirth, or sexual imcrcourse. This artidc will examinc du prcccdan, argumcna, and possible dt6cnses in these areas and in relationship to a variety of potential dckndana.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a group of adults with learning disabilities were identified as learning disabled for the first time at the college level, including Adam, Paul, and Randi, all members of Project Learning Strategies at DePaul University in Chicago.
Abstract: C/rganizational problems are common in learning disabled college students and may result from various specific as well as quite different disabilities. Their frequent occurrence is not surprising—when one part of the learning process is dysfunctional, the whole person is affected. Moreover, the cost in terms of both academic performance and emotional stability can be great. Many adult students, like \"Adam,\" \"Paul,\" and \"Randi\" in this article (all members of Project Learning Strategies [PLuS!] at DePaul University in Chicago), are identified as learning disabled for the first time at the college level. Literature is becoming more available on how professionals may establish programs for such students (Mangrum & Strichart 1984) and how students may best select an appropriate college program (Scheiber & Talpers 1985). Additional information is becoming

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors compared the performance of a first-order autoregressive stochastic coefficient model (ARCSC) and a firstorder linear model (LRC) for short-run forecasting applications.

Journal ArticleDOI
Larry Bennett1
TL;DR: The linked development debate in Chicago demonstrates the salience of race, class-cultural factors, and alternative approaches to neighborhood mobilization as barriers to the development of progressive coalitions in city politics.
Abstract: In 1983 Chicago elected its first black mayor, Harold Washington. During Washington's first term of office, his administration not only reordered municipal priorities in such a fashion as to benefit his core, minority voting constituency, but also defined a municipal agenda emphasizing greater attention to neighborhood needs and more open government. In 1984 an important neighborhood coalition, the Save Our Neighborhoods/Save Our City Coalition (SON/SOC), proposed a linked development policy to tap downtown investment for neighborhood projects. Although SON/SOC's proposal was compatible with the Washington neighborhood agenda, this mainly white organization and the Washington administration experienced considerable difficulty in forging a mutually acceptable proposal The linked development debate in Chicago demonstrates the salience of race, class-cultural factors, and alternative approaches to neighborhood mobilization as barriers to the development of progressive coalitions in city politics.

Journal ArticleDOI
Abstract: William Ames (1576-1633). Son calvinisme provocateur le conduisit a l'exil, aux Pays-Bas, ou il professa aux universites de Leiden et de Francker. Il propagea la logique dialectique de Pierre Ramus (mort a la Saint-Barthelemy). Il tenta d'expliquer le role de la volonte et d'un libre arbitre psychologique dans le cadre de la predestination



Journal ArticleDOI
01 Feb 1987
TL;DR: A tiling problem is presented that demonstrates the power of recursion in the design of algorithms and the solution can be shown using a computer graphics display.
Abstract: A tiling problem is presented that demonstrates the power of recursion in the design of algorithms. When implemented as a program, the solution can be shown using a computer graphics display.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The question of what strategy should top management pursue to enhance the value of the firm or, more specifically, the wealth of the owners or shareholders is a perplexing question in light of the many alternative actions being touted by business soothsayers.
Abstract: What strategy should top management pursue to enhance the value of the firm or, more specifically, the wealth of the owners or shareholders? This is a perplexing question in light of the many alternative actions being touted by business soothsayers. Consequently, top management is confronted by a variety of competing strategic choices, each presenting an apparently outstanding opportunity for the firm. Invariably, though, more questions than answers are generated in the quest for the corporate Holy Grail.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This study examines the perceptions of the information systems within 132 organiza tions and finds that the appropriate information system level must match the type of decision situation.
Abstract: The information system plays a central role in many con temporary organizational activities. How well the information system is integrated into organizational processes, though, is a key factor influencing the degree of effectiveness present in decision-making especially at strategic levels. To optimize deci sion-making, the appropriate information system level must match the type of decision situation. This study examines the perceptions of the information systems within 132 organiza tions.

Posted Content
TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of option expirations on the prices of the underlying stocks days before expiration were studied, and the authors found that option-expirations increased the volatility of the trading volume in IBM stocks, while S&P 500 option expirsations increased volatility of Kodak shares traded on those Fridays.
Abstract: We study the effects of option expirations on the prices of the underlying stocks days before expiration. We collected daily stock prices from Daily Stock Price Records published by the Standard & Poor's Corporation and the Wall Street Journal. The data covered the time period from January 1979 to June 1985. We constructed different portfolios for expirations of options on the underlying stocks as well as for expirations of options on S&P 100 and S&P 500 traded on the CBOE. The individual stocks examined were IBM, GM, Eastman Kodak, 3M, Sears and Exxon which accounted for a significant portion of the index weights. We find that all means volumes of shares traded on both option-expiration and other Fridays are statistically significant for all stocks and that S&P 100 index option expirations increased the volatility of the trading volume in IBM stocks, while S&P 500 option expirations increased the volatility of the Kodak shares traded on those Fridays. Expirations of own options on IBM and Exxon increased the volatility of the volume of IBM and Exxon shares significantly.