DePaul University

About: DePaul University is a education organization based out in Chicago, Illinois, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Poison control. The organization has 5658 authors who have published 11562 publications receiving 295257 citations.

Developmental Changes in the Contribution of Shared Experience to Social Role-Taking Competence

Abstract: The contribution of shared experience to the social role-taking competence of 120 preschool, second- and fifth-grade children was evaluated under experimental conditions which did or did not provide subjects the opportunity to previously occupy the perspective of those whose points of view they were later required to assume. It was demonstrated that the youngest subjects regularly failed in their role-taking efforts with or without such backgrounds of shared experience, that the 11-year-olds succeeded in either case, and that the success of the 7-year-olds was a direct function of whether or not they shared common background experiences with those whose roles they attempted to assume. These results indicate that social role-taking competence in early and middle childhood is a joint function of both cognitive ability level and the actual degree of overlap which exists between the experiences of subjects and their role-taking partners.

Expressive development and basic emotions

Abstract: One important emotion theory currently postulates an innate tie between specific infant facial expressions and a set of discrete basic emotions. The arguments and evidence relevant to this assertion are reviewed. New data are presented from a naturalistic study of one infant's early expressive development and a judgement study of infant facial, vocal, and body activity. These data challenge the innate tie hypothesis. Based on dynamical systems systems theory, an alternate conceptual framework is presented that may allow us to usefully retain the concept of basic emotions while accommodating the data on infant expressive development.

Improved parameterized upper bounds for vertex cover

Abstract: This paper presents an O(1.2738k + kn)-time polynomial-space parameterized algorithm for Vertex Cover improving the previous O(1.286k + kn)-time polynomial-space upper bound by Chen, Kanj, and Jia. The algorithm also improves the O(1.2745kk4 + kn)-time exponential-space upper bound for the problem by Chandran and Grandoni.

Semileptonic decays of D mesons in three-flavor lattice QCD

Abstract: We present the first three-flavor lattice QCD calculations for D-->pilnu and D-->Klnu semileptonic decays. Simulations are carried out using ensembles of unquenched gauge fields generated by the MILC Collaboration. With an improved staggered action for light quarks, we are able to simulate at light quark masses down to 1/8 of the strange mass. Consequently, the systematic error from the chiral extrapolation is much smaller than in previous calculations with Wilson-type light quarks. Our results for the form factors at q(2)=0 are f(D-->pi)(+)(0)=0.64(3)(6) and f(D-->K)(+)(0)=0.73(3)(7), where the first error is statistical and the second is systematic, added in quadrature. Combining our results with experimental branching ratios, we obtain the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa matrix elements |V(cd)|=0.239(10)(24)(20) and |V(cs)|=0.969(39)(94)(24), where the last errors are from experimental uncertainties.