Dnipropetrovsk National University of Railway Transport named after Academician V. Lazaryan

About: Dnipropetrovsk National University of Railway Transport named after Academician V. Lazaryan is a education organization based out in Dnipro, Ukraine. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Track (rail transport) & Bogie. The organization has 736 authors who have published 655 publications receiving 1468 citations. The organization is also known as: Institute of Railway Transport Engineers.

Cryptocurrency, Artificial Intelligence and Basic Income as Innovative Technological System

Abstract: The common signs of development and its financing of cryptocurrency, artificial intelligence and basic income were determined. The main tendencies and problems of the development of cryptocurrency and artificial intelligence from their appearance to the present time were considered. The combination of cryptocurrency, artificial intelligence and basic income in a unified system of innovative tools for the creation of a new global financial and technological system was substantiated. These three technologies have the features of combining into one innovative system of interaction at different levels from hardware and software to the level of ultimate practical implementation and application in the future. The perception and consideration of these technologies as a single system makes it possible to significantly simplify the approach to their study, design and implementation.

Calculation of pollution dynamics near railway territory during coal transportation

Abstract: Цель. Научная работа предполагает разработку 3D численной модели для прогноза загрязнения атмосферы при транспортировке сыпучих грузов в железнодорожном вагоне. Методика. Для решения поставленной задачи разработана трехмерная численная модель, основанная на применении уравнения переноса пылевых загрязнений в атмосферном воздухе под действием ветра и атмосферной турбулентной диффузии. Для численного интегрирования моделирующего уравнения переноса пыли использовалась неявная разностная схема. При построении разностной схемы осуществляется предварительное расщепление исходного уравнения переноса на последовательность решения трех уравнений. Первое из них учитывает перенос пыли по траекториям, второе уравнение – перенос пыли под действием атмосферной турбулентной диффузии, а третье уравнение – изменение концентрации пыли в атмосферном воздухе за счет ее эмиссии из вагонов. Неизвестное значение концентрации загрязнителя на каждом шаге расщепления определяется по явной схеме – методу бегущего счета, что обеспечивает простую численную реализацию уравнений расщепления. Разработанная численная модель составляет основу специализированной компьютерной программы. На основе построенной численной модели проведен вычислительный эксперимент по оценке уровня загрязнения атмосферы на железнодорожной станции при движении состава с углем. Результаты. Разработана 3D численная модель, которая относится к классу «screening models». Данная модель учитывает основные физические факторы, влияющие на процесс рассеивания пылевых загрязнений в атмосфере при транспортировке угля. Предложенная численная модель требует небольших затрат компьютерного времени при практической реализации на компьютерах малой и средней мощности. Эта модель может использоваться для оперативных расчетов динамики загрязнения атмосферного воздуха при перевозке угля железнодорожным транспортом. Выполнены расчеты по определению концентрации загрязнителя и формированию зоны загрязнения на станции Enugu. Представлены результаты физического эксперимента, позволяющие рекомендовать применение дополнительных бортов специальной формы для минимизации выноса угольной пыли из полувагонов. Научная новизна. Авторами создана 3D численная модель, позволяющая учесть существенные физические факторы, влияющие на процесс рассеивания пыли в атмосфере. Модель позволяет рассчитывать формирование зон загрязнения при перевозке угля железнодорожным транспортом. Практическая значимость. Рассмотрена эффективная численная модель класса «screening models» для экспресс-расчета уровня загрязнения атмосферы при транспортировке угля железнодорожным транспортом. Модель может быть применена при разработке мероприятий по охране окружающей среды при эксплуатации железнодорожного транспорта. Предложенная модель позволяет оперативно рассчитать 3D перенос пыли в атмосферном воздухе.

Determining a Train Location at Level Crossing Approach Section by Track Circuit Input Impedance Processing Using ANN

Abstract: The possibility of determining a train location at level crossing approach section by measuring the input impedance of the track circuit with subsequent processing of the results using an artificial neural network has been carried out. The need to measure the coordinates and speed of the train at the section approaching the level crossing is associated with the need to improve traffic safety at the level crossing and reduce the waiting time for a train (especially for a slow moving one) for vehicles. The investigations of the track circuit input impedance dependences on factors such as the train coordinate on it, the resistance of the ballast layer of the track and the frequency of the signal current were carried out by modeling and experimental measurements on a real track circuit. The monotonic dependences of the track circuit input impedance on the train location make it possible to use these dependences to monitor the train location on the track circuit. However, the strong influence of the ballast resistance on the input impedance makes it impossible to directly use the input impedance for positioning the train. Two methods have been considered for determining the coordinates of a train on a track circuit by using its input impedance. The error in determining the train coordinates at the level crossing approach section by processing the track circuit input impedance using ANN shows that this method is promising for practical use.

Use of Fine-Grained Heat-Strengthened Steels to Increase the Operation Qualities of Bunker Capacities from Thin-Walled Galvanized Profiles

Abstract: Purpose. The work is aimed to study the use efficiency of fine-grained heat-strengthened steels (mainly 10G2FB) for steel bunker capacities. At the same time, the structural scheme of such a structure using corrugated steel sheets is considered as the main variant. Methodology. To achieve this purpose, a series of numerical calculations was carried out for a steel bunker capacity of a pyramidal-prismatic type with overall dimensions in plan view of 6×5.2 m and a total height of 4.5 m. The capacity was designed for complicated working conditions, in particular, increased loads, including long-term dynamic ones. The potential possibility of operating the container under conditions of high or low temperatures was also taken into account. At the same time, both the traditional structural scheme of a bunker capacity with horizontal stiffening ribs and the developed structural scheme based on corrugated steel sheets were analyzed. The calculations were carried out by the finite element method based on the SCAD for Windows project complex. Findings. Based on the results of the analysis and comparison of the data obtained in numerical calculations, it was found that the use of fine-grained heat-strengthened high-strength steels (for example, steel 10G2FB) for bunker capacities, both the traditional structural scheme with stiffening ribs and the developed structural scheme based on corrugated sheets, allows reducing material consumption by about 30% in both cases. At the same time, due to the good performance of fine-grained heat-strengthened steel 10G2FB, both at high and at low temperatures, it can be effectively used for steel bunker capacities that work in difficult conditions. Originality. The possibility and efficiency of the use of fine-grained, heat-strengthened high-strength steels for the construction of a steel bunker capacity is estimated. At the same time, such an estimation was given not only for structures of the traditional structural scheme with horizontal stiffening ribs, but also for bunkers with a developed structural scheme based on corrugated sheets. Practical value. From a practical point of view, quantitative parameters of the stress-strain state were obtained during investigations of various design variants for a steel bunker capacity. The data are presented in a compact form that is easy to evaluate and compare. They allow us to state about the improvement of the operation characteristics of capacities and the potential reduction of the risks of their failures and accidents during operation.

Strain Hardening of Low-Carbon Steel in the Area of Jerky Flow

Abstract: Purpose. The aim of this work is to assess the effect of ferrite grain size of low-carbon steel on the development of strain hardening processes in the area of nucleation and propagation of deformation bands. Methodology. Low-carbon steels with a carbon content of 0.06–0.1% C in various structural states were used as the material for study. The sample for the study was a wire with a diameter of 1mm. The structural studies of the metal were carried out using an Epiquant light microscope. Ferrite grain size was determined using quantitative metallographic techniques. Different ferrite grain size was obtained as a result of combination of thermal and termo mechanical treatment. Vary by heating temperature and the cooling rate, using cold plastic deformation and subsequent annealing, made it possible to change the ferrite grain size at the level of two orders of magnitude. Deformation curves were obtained during stretching the samples on the Instron testing machine. Findings. Based on the analysis of stretching curves of low-carbon steels with different ferrite grain sizes, it has been established that the initiation and propagation of plastic deformation in the jerky flow area is accompanied by the development of strain hardening processes. The study of the nature of increase at dislocation density depending on ferrite grain size of low-carbon steel, starting from the moment of initiation of plastic deformation, confirmed the existence of relationship between the development of strain hardening at the area of jerky flow and the area of parabolic hardening curve. Originality. One of the reasons for decrease in Luders deformation with an increase of ferrite grain size of low-carbon steel is an increase in strain hardening indicator, which accelerates decomposition of uniform dislocations distribution in the front of deformation band. The flow stress during initiation of plastic deformation is determined by the additive contribution from the frictional stress of the crystal lattices, the state of ferrite grain boundaries, and the density of mobile dislocations. It was found that the size of dislocation cell increases in proportion to the diameter of ferrite grain, which facilitates the development of dislocation annihilation during plastic deformation. Practical value. Explanation of qualitative dependence of the influence of ferrite grain size of a low-carbon steel on the strain hardening degree and the magnitude of Luders deformation will make it possible to determine the optimal structural state of steels subjected to cold plastic deformation.