Dnipropetrovsk National University of Railway Transport named after Academician V. Lazaryan

About: Dnipropetrovsk National University of Railway Transport named after Academician V. Lazaryan is a education organization based out in Dnipro, Ukraine. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Track (rail transport) & Bogie. The organization has 736 authors who have published 655 publications receiving 1468 citations. The organization is also known as: Institute of Railway Transport Engineers.

Research of derailed wheelset impact marks on the concrete sleepers

Abstract: Yo. Luchko: ORCID 0000-0002-3675-0503, Ya. Bolzhelarskyi: ORCID 0000-0002-4787-1781; V. Kovalchuk: ORCID 0000-0003-4350-1756, M. Sysyn: ORCID 0000-0001-6893-0018

Unproductive electric losses in the traction power of DC supply system

Abstract: The research results specifying to the consumption of inactive (reactive by Fryze) power in a DC system of electric propulsion are stated in the article. It is shown that this consumption brings to considerable additional losses of electric energy in the system.

Retrospective analysis of the scientific potential formation of dnipropetrovsk national university of railway transport named after academician v. lazaryan

Abstract: Purpose . The study involves the analysis of stages, formation forms and methods of the scientific potential of Dnipropetrovsk National University of Railway Transport named after Academician V. Lazaryan (DNURT) and contribution of its staff in the development of national and world science. Methogology . The use of historical and chronological, comparative, descriptive methods of research, systematization and analysis of archival documents of domestic and foreign funds allows identifying formation forms and means of scientific potential of DNURT over the 85 years of its existence. The periodization method makes it possible to distinguish the main stages and peculiarities of this process. The methods of analysis and synthesis as well as methods of expert assessments were applied. Findings . On the basis of a detailed analysis of the considerable archival documents array the basic stages of scientific potential formation of DNURT in the 85 years of its existence were highlighted. Their features with taking into account the historical and social conditions as well as contribution of university faculty generations (and some individuals) in this process were determined. The forms and methods of continuity of scientific personnel and the impact of their research within the academic schools, formed at the Dnipropetrovsk Institute of Engineers of Railway Transport (DIERT) were analyzed. Up to the present they play a significant role in strengthening the authority of DNURT as a leading national institution of higher education and principal scientific organization in the field of railway transport and transport construction. Main stages of the University formation beginning from specialized industry institution to the Polytechnic Research University with modern scientific base for theoretical and experimental research were highlighted. Originality . In the research context concerning reforming problems of higher education system as one of the areas of generation and translation of scientific knowledge, the analysis of the scientific potential formation of one of the largest national Universities is important. It is connected with the fact that the genesis of the Western European system of higher education has some other constraints of time and space, and the most importantly – it has completely different structural unit – the classical University. For the first time on the basis of periodization the forms and methods formation of the scientific potential of Industry University were focused, their uniqueness from the point of view of the prevailing historical conditions was revealed, the forming process of scientific schools as an important component in the development of national science was analyzed. On the base of the analysis of archival documents it was proved that in all periods of University history, the important determinant of its scientific potential increase and high performance achievements is the relationship between the University and production, and in this particular case – with the problems and future of railway transport development. Practical value . The results of the paper can be used at creation of historiographical papers and study guides on issues of higher education; research of formation and development the issues of national scientific schools and traditions of the University of Ukrainian science, in the course of lectures on disciplines «History of railway transport development», «Introduction to specialty», and «Methodology of engineering activity».

Financial decentralization as a precondition of increasing the local governance capacity in Ukraine

Abstract: Modern period of Ukrainian development is characterized by extended process of local governance and administrative-financial decentralization reforms, as well as a set of sectoral reforms that started in 2014. The process, which can generally be characterized as the decentralization process, has become the driving force directed at improving the level of territories’ socio-economic development and strengthening the local governance capacity in Ukraine. It is grounded on growing financial autonomy of local authorities, expansion of the list and improving quality of public services granted to residents, and meeting the needs of territorial communities in all activity domains. The paper aims to examine the process of financial decentralization as a precondition of increasing the capacity of local governance in Ukraine. The paper determines that local finances are the process of making financial and investment decisions according to the planned tasks and sources of maintenance. It reveals that the sources of financial provision of territorial communities stipulate the forming of local budgets’ revenues in time based on real processes. The approach contributes to avoiding the excessive expenses and more distinct but rather short-term predicting of budgets composition, as well as optimal defining of funding priorities for corresponding activities. The structure of funding sources in Ukraine is analyzed. The weight of local budgets’ revenues in the structure of Ukraine’s consolidated budget in 2014-2018 is determined. The fact that financial decentralization as one of the key reforms is directed at strengthening of financial-economic capacity of territorial units based on the principles of autonomy, self-sufficiency, and efficiency is emphasized.

Economic and legal grounds for investment in development of transport infrastructure

Abstract: Цель. В Украине, как и во многих странах мира, транспорт является одной из наиболее фундаментальных отраслей национальной экономики, важной составной частью производственной и социальной сферы. Но в условиях реформирования отрасли существуют проблемы инвестирования в развитие предприятий железнодорожного транспорта. Поэтому работа посвящена обоснованию потенциально доступных источников инвестирования в развитие железнодорожного транспорта Украины. Отмечена важность проблемы привлечения иностранных инвестиций в экономику, освещены предложения для решения этой проблемы. Методика. Для решения задач такого класса в работе предложено использовать методы анализа, синтеза и сравнения, дедукции, индукции, логики и абстрагирования. Ведь становится необходимым поиск и исследование новых концептуальных подходов касательно организации инвестиционных процессов на предприятиях железнодорожного транспорта, соответствующих управленческих, финансовых решений и схем развития инфраструктуры железнодорожного транспорта. Результаты. В работе приведены пути оптимизации инвестиционной деятельности для модернизации и технического переоснащения транспортного комплекса Украины. Предложены пути привлечения капиталов инвесторов в развитие транспортной инфраструктуры: 1) соответствие европейским нормативно-правовым актам; 2) реформирование налоговой системы Украины; 3) преодоление коррупции в стране; 4) внедрение инструментов государственно-частного партнерства в механизме государственного регулирования инвестиционных процессов; 5) создание благоприятного инвестиционного климата для реализации инфраструктурных проектов железнодорожного транспорта; 6) создание системы возмещения убытков инвесторам; 7) предоставление гарантий защиты инвестиций в развитие транспортной инфраструктуры. Научная новизна. Предложены источники инвестирования в развитие железнодорожной инфраструктуры в Украине, которые должны включать: средства государственного бюджета, использования целевых займов, лизинг. Основным направлением государственной политики в отношении инфраструктуры должен стать постепенный переход деятельности по созданию и эксплуатации объектов инфраструктуры с расходной сферы (что является бременем для государства) – в эффективный бизнес на основе государственно-частного партнерства. Практическая значимость. Использование приведенных результатов позволит обеспечить доверие будущих инвесторов к вложению средств в развитие инфраструктуры транспорта с гарантией получения заработанных доходов.