Donghua University

About: Donghua University is a education organization based out in Shanghai, China. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Fiber & Nanofiber. The organization has 21155 authors who have published 21841 publications receiving 393091 citations. The organization is also known as: Dōnghuá Dàxué & China Textile University.

Tailoring the Assembly of Iron Nanoparticles in Carbon Microspheres toward High-Performance Electrocatalytic Denitrification.

Abstract: Electrocatalytic denitrification is considered as the most promising technology to transform nitrates to nitrogen gas in sewage so far. Although noble metal-based catalysts as a cathode material ha...

Understanding Distributed Poisoning Attack in Federated Learning

Abstract: Federated learning is inherently vulnerable to poisoning attacks, since no training samples will be released to and checked by trustworthy authority. Poisoning attacks are widely investigated in centralized learning paradigm, however distributed poisoning attacks, in which more than one attacker colludes with each other, and injects malicious training samples into local models of their own, may result in a greater catastrophe in federated learning intuitively. In this paper, through real implementation of a federated learning system and distributed poisoning attacks, we obtain several observations about the relations between the number of poisoned training samples, attackers, and attack success rate. Moreover, we propose a scheme, Sniper, to eliminate poisoned local models from malicious participants during training. Sniper identifies benign local models by solving a maximum clique problem, and suspected (poisoned) local models will be ignored during global model updating. Experimental results demonstrate the efficacy of Sniper. The attack success rates are reduced to around 2% even a third of participants are attackers.

The aligned core–sheath nanofibers with electrical conductivity for neural tissue engineering

Abstract: Currently, electroactive biomaterials have often been fabricated as tissue engineering scaffolds to provide electrical stimulation for neural tissue engineering The goal of this work was to study the synergistic effect of electrical stimulation and nerve growth factor (NGF) on neuron growth The composite meshes of polyaniline (PANi) and well-blended poly(L-lactic acid-co-e-caprolactone)/silk fibroin (PS) incorporated with nerve growth factor (NGF) were prepared by coaxial electrospinning The results showed that the increased concentration of PANi had a large effect on the fiber diameter, which was significantly reduced from 683 ± 138 nm to 411 ± 98 nm and then increased to 498 ± 100 nm The contact angles and Young's modulus decreased to 283° ± 54° and 72 ± 12 MPa, respectively, and the conductance increased to 305 ± 31 mS cm−1 The results of the viability and morphology of mouse Schwann cells on the nanofibrous meshes showed that PS-PANi-1 loaded with NGF exhibited the highest cell number after 5 days culture and the aligned nanofibers could guide cell orientation The synergistic effects of electrical stimulation and NGF were also investigated via the growth and differentiation of rat pheochromocytoma 12 (PC12) cells The scaffolds loaded with NGF under electrical stimulation could effectively support PC12 neurite outgrowth and increase the percentage of neurite-bearing cells as well as the median neurite length More importantly, the NGF release from the conductive core–shell structure nanofiber could be increased by electrical stimulation These promising results demonstrated that there was a potential use of this functional scaffold for nerve tissue regeneration