Showing papers by "Drexel University published in 1985"
TL;DR: An examination of the literature on conflict between work and family roles suggests that work-family conflict exists when time devoted to the requirements of one role makes it difficult to fulfill requirements of another.
Abstract: An examination of the literature on conflict between work and family roles suggests that work-family conflict exists when: (a) time devoted to the requirements of one role makes it difficult to fulfill requirements of another; (b) strain from participation in one role makes it difficult to fulfill requirements of another; and (c) specific behaviors required by one role make it difficult to fulfill the requirements of another. A model of work-family conflict is proposed, and a series of research propositions is presented.
6,275 citations
TL;DR: Evidence is reported for the coexistence of three types of Ca channel in sensory neurones of the chick dorsal root ganglion and the dihydropyridine Ca agonist Bay K 8644 strongly increases the opening probability of L-, but not T- or N-type channels.
Abstract: How many types of calcium channels exist in neurones? This question is fundamental to understanding how calcium entry contributes to diverse neuronal functions such as transmitter release, neurite extension, spike initiation and rhythmic firing. There is considerable evidence for the presence of more than one type of Ca conductance in neurones and other cells. However, little is known about single-channel properties of diverse neuronal Ca channels, or their responsiveness to dihydropyridines, compounds widely used as labels in Ca channel purification. Here we report evidence for the coexistence of three types of Ca channel in sensory neurones of the chick dorsal root ganglion. In addition to a large conductance channel that contributes long-lasting current at strong depolarizations (L), and a relatively tiny conductance that underlies a transient current activated at weak depolarizations (T), we find a third type of unitary activity (N) that is neither T nor L. N-type Ca channels require strongly negative potentials for complete removal of inactivation (unlike L) and strong depolarizations for activation (unlike T). The dihydropyridine Ca agonist Bay K 8644 strongly increases the opening probability of L-, but not T- or N-type channels.
2,204 citations
1,607 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a comparison entre des hommes and des femmes du point de vue de leurs proportions physiques ideales is made, i.e., the proportions of the femmes that are the most attirantes for eux-memes ou pour l'autre sex.
Abstract: Comparaison entre des hommes et des femmes du point de vue de leurs proportions physiques ideales, de celles qu'ils jugent les plus attirantes pour eux-memes ou pour l'autre sexe
773 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the shape consistent effective potential procedure was used to compute averaged relativistic effective potentials (AREP) and spin-orbit operators for the atoms Li through Ar.
Abstract: A refined version of the ‘‘shape consistent’’ effective potential procedure of Christiansen, Lee, and Pitzer was used to compute averaged relativistic effective potentials (AREP) and spin‐orbit operators for the atoms Li through Ar. These are tabulated in analytic form. Small optimized Gaussian basis sets with expansion coefficients for the lowest energy state for each atom are given and the reliability of the potentials relative to all electric calculations is discussed. Finally a procedure for computing molecular moments and Breit corrections is suggested.
599 citations
TL;DR: An approximate statistical thermodynamic treatment of the equilibrium nucleation processes that shows how the nucleus sizes and nucleation equilibrium constants depend on monomer concentration is presented.
464 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a self-contained review of several semi-empirical fracture models for predicting notched strength of composite laminates is presented, based on notchedstrength data on 70 different laminate configurations of graphite/epoxy, boron/aluminum, and graphite polyimide.
Abstract: A self-contained review of several semiempirical fracture models for predicting notched strength of composite laminates is presented, based on notched strength data on 70 different laminate configurations of graphite/epoxy, boron/aluminum, and graphite/polyimide. Emphasis is placed on experimental results concerning such failure factors as delamination, splitting, and size of damage zone. Moreover, the fracture model parameters are correlated with the notch sensitivity of composite laminates, and the applicability of the correlations in describing the material notch sensitivity is evaluated. The predictions provided by the different models were found to be identical for all practical purposes.
343 citations
TL;DR: Evidence is presented of an increasing incidence of vulvovaginal candidiasis, the cause of which is unclear, but this increase is probably the result of multiple factors including widespread abuse of antibiotics, possibly oral contraceptives, and most important inadequate vaginal therapy.
307 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the impact response of graphite/epoxy laminates was investigated theoretically and experimentally using a nine-node isoparametric plate finite element in conjunction with an empirical contact law.
Abstract: The low-velocity impact response of graphite/epoxy laminates was investigated theoretically and experimentally. A nine-node isoparametric plate finite element in conjunction with an empirical contact law was used for the theoretical investigation. Theoretical results are in good agreement with strain-gage experimental data. The results of the investigation indicate that the present theoretical procedure describes the impact response of laminate for low-impact velocities.
300 citations
TL;DR: The concentration dependence of the tenth time is found to decrease with increasing hemoglobin S concentration, and the initial part of the progress curves from both temperature-jump and laser photolysis experiments is well fit with an equation for the concentration of polymerized monomer.
280 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a sequential numerical algorithm is described which obtains gains minimizing a broad class of performance indexes, including the standard LQ case, under nonrestrictive assumptions.
Abstract: A sequential numerical algorithm is described which obtains gains minimizing a broad class of performance indexes, including the standard LQ case. The primary contribution is a proof that the algorithm converges to a local minimum under nonrestrictive assumptions. Numerical examples illustrate the theory. The second example demonstrates an important LQ design technique which permits the designer to prespecify the feedback structure, subject to the requirement of output feedback stabilizability.
TL;DR: The angiographic criterion for intracoronary thrombus was an intraluminal filling defect, surrounded by contrast medium on 3 sides, located just distal to or within a coronary stenosis, as assessed by each of 2 independent observers blinded to the nature of the anginal syndrome
Abstract: Recent studies have shown that pain at rest in patients with unstable angina pectoris is often caused by transient reduction in regional myocardial perfusion. Coronary spasm has been implicated as a mechanism of this phenomenon. Recent reports have documented the occurrence of intracoronary thrombus in patients with unstable angina. Previous surveys have estimated a 6 to 12% frequency of intracoronary thrombus in this syndrome, but have not examined whether this incidence is related to how recent the angina at rest was. Angiograms of 119 patients with unstable angina who had rest pain within 14 days of angiography and 35 patients with stable angina were surveyed. Patients with unstable angina were subgrouped according to how recent angina at rest was at the time of angiography. Group I consisted of 44 patients in whom rest pain occurred within 24 hours before angiography. The 75 patients in group II had angina at rest between 1 and 14 days before angiography. Patients in group II had stable angina. The angiographic criterion for intracoronary thrombus was an intraluminal filling defect, surrounded by contrast medium on 3 sides, located just distal to or within a coronary stenosis, as assessed by each of 2 independent observers blinded to the nature of the anginal syndrome and its temporal proximity. Intracoronary thrombi were found in 44 of 119 patients with unstable angina (37%) and 0 of 35 patients with stable angina (p
TL;DR: Single unit recordings of the spontaneous activity of neurons in the precentral and postcentral gyri of the squirrel monkey cortex obtained and the dimensions of the corresponding attractors were calculated.
TL;DR: In this paper, the asymptotics of the solutions of linear recurrence equations have been studied for combinatorists and computer scientists, and the authors present a theory in a concise form and give a number of examples that should enable the practicing combinatorist and computer scientist to include this important technique in their toolkit.
TL;DR: Silver staining is a simple, reliable cytological method for the demonstration of ribosomal gene activity and biochemical analyses of nucleolar proteins indicate that a limited array of specific proteins bind silver.
Abstract: Silver nitrate has been used as a cytological stain since the late 1800s. A modification of the Bielschowsky technique preferentially stains nucleoli and chromosomal nucleolus organizer regions (NORs). The specificity of staining is related to the method of preparation of the cytological specimens. The silver binds proteins and may be associated with the phosphate groups of certain phosphoproteins. Biochemical analyses of nucleolar proteins indicate that a limited array of specific proteins bind silver. A number of investigations have demonstrated that silver staining is indicative of active ribosomal RNA transcription, although a minor component may be associated with the fibrillar centers of cells in which ribosomal genes are inactive. Silver staining is a simple, reliable cytological method for the demonstration of ribosomal gene activity.
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors proposed a bid premium model using debt, working capital, type of combination, valuation-related variables and bargaining-strength variables, which has relatively high explanatory power for a wide moss-section of firms and a predictive power superior to that of naive bidding strategies.
Abstract: The bid premium acquiring companies offer for target company shares may be expected to be a positive function of potential acquisition-related benefits and a negatie function of the bargaining power of the bidder. A bid premium model using debt, working capital, type of combination, valuation-related variables and bargaining-strength variables has relatively high explanatory power for a wide moss-section of firms and a predictive power superior to that of naive bidding strategies. Firms with declining amounts of leverage and firms with relatively low valuation ratios command significantly higher bid premiums. The percentage of shares already controlled by the offering company, its ability to acquire enough shares to be able to implement potentially beneficial changes, and the existence of an opposing bid at the time an offer is made are also significant determinants of bid premiums. When two or more bidders compete for the same target, the bid premium averages 30 percentage points higher than the sample mean. Premiums in offers where the bidder seeks majority control are 9 percentage points higher than when the bidder does not seek majority control, and premiums on nonconglomerate offers tend to be 7 percentage points higher than premiums on conglomerate offers.
TL;DR: It is concluded that a relative deficiency of growth hormone in pubertal patients with Turner syndrome may contribute to their adult short stature.
TL;DR: A model of family systems development is presented that emphasizes changes in family shape through the individual life cycle and some clinical uses of the model are described.
Abstract: This paper reviews the historical context of concepts of development and some of the problems of applying them to family systems. A model of family systems development is presented that emphasizes changes in family shape through the individual life cycle. Some clinical uses of the model are described.
TL;DR: In this article, content-and behavior-oriented scales were developed to measure interpersonal communication between supervisors and subordinates, and the relationship between the five scales and two leadership dimensions was analyzed. But the relationship was not explored.
Abstract: Five content- and behavior-oriented scales were developed to measure interpersonal communication between supervisors and subordinates. The relationship between the five scales and two leadership di...
TL;DR: To evaluate one aspect of the impact of respiratory tract infections in the United States, national survey data were used to estimate direct and indirect economic costs.
TL;DR: The present study provided an assessment of alcohol use in couples characterized by wife abuse, and correlational analyses revealed a number of significant relationships between husbands' self-reported drinking and wives' responses concerning their spouses' alcohol use.
23 Aug 1985
TL;DR: The undecidable word problem for groups and semigroups is investigated as a basis for a public-key cryptosystem, which is randomized, with infinitely many ciphertexts corresponding to each plaintext.
Abstract: The undecidable word problem for groups and semigroups is investigated as a basis for a public-key cryptosystem. A specific approach is discussed along with the results of an experimental implementation This approach does not give a provably secure or practical system, but shows the type of cryptosystem that could be constructed around the word problem. This cryptosystem is randomized, with infinitely many ciphertexts corresponding to each plaintext.
TL;DR: The paired-comparison novelty technique was used to assess the 5-month-old infant's ability to discriminate between the facial expressions of anger, fear, and sadness as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: The paired-comparison novelty technique was used to assess the 5-month-old infant's ability to discriminate between the facial expressions of anger, fear, and sadness. The 72 infants met the criterion for discrimination except when anger was the novel stimulus. It was hypothesized that for some infants novelty was a less potent determinant of looking than was another aspect of the stimulus ex pression, such as its social-signal value or relative aversiveness. A second experiment was designed to test this notion. Sixty-eight infants failed to meet the criterion of discrimination between joy, anger, and interest, though infants had done so in previous studies. Results of the two experiments suggest that some 5-month-olds can discriminate between anger, sadness, and fear expressions, but that the paired-comparison novelty technique may underestimate the infant's ability to detect differences among stimuli of different social- or emotion-signal value.
TL;DR: In this article, the effect of dissolved organic carbon on the process of pollutant sorption to aquatic sediments was studied using sediments from the Boonton Reservoir/Rockaway River system in northern New Jersey.
01 Jan 1985
TL;DR: The distinction between behavioral intention and behavioral expectation as predictors of one's own behavior has been blurred in the literature as discussed by the authors, and the distinction between purely volitional behavior and behavioral goals, the latter may be impeded by such nonvolitional factors as lack of ability, lack of opportunity, habit, and environmental impediments, has also been blurred.
Abstract: Researchers have largely overlooked the distinction between behavioral intention and behavioral expectation as predictors of one's own behavior. Moreover, the distinction between purely volitional behavior and behavioral goals, the latter of which may be impeded by such nonvolitional factors as lack of ability, lack of opportunity, habit, and environmental impediments, has also been blurred in the literature. Behavioral expectation is theorized to be based on a cognitive appraisal of one's behavioral intention and all other behavioral determinants of which one is aware. The present study argues and gives evidence that, although behavioral expectation and behavioral intention may have similar predictive accuracy for volitional behaviors, behavioral expectation is adequate, but behavioral intention may be inadequate for prediction of the accomplishment of behavioral goals.
TL;DR: Data are presented demonstrating that the intra-subject variability of response latency is low when responses are scored within a narrow time window, but that broader time windows include more variable-latency responses that may represent spontaneous activity.
Abstract: Recent evidence, particularly in research on the skin conductance orienting response (SCOR) in schizophrenia, suggests that differences in scoring criteria may be important sources of error and variability in studies of electrodermal responses to discrete stimuli and their habituation. Although a wide variety of response latency criteria have been used in published studies, empirical evidence suggests that responses occur in a narrow and early post-stimulus time window. Data are presented demonstrating that the intra-subject variability of response latency is low when responses are scored within a narrow time window, but that broader time windows include more variable-latency responses that may represent spontaneous activity. The commonly-used criterion of three no-response trials as an habituation endpoint may also introduce contamination by spontaneous activity; available evidence favors a two-trials criterion. Analyses such as the ones presented here permit testing of the specificity of scoring criteria for responses elicited by experimental stimuli.
TL;DR: Evidence is presented that similar mechanisms may contribute to depletion of intraspinal SP after sciatic nerve section and after dorsal rhizotomy, which may resemble known mechanisms of recovery that occur when the lesion is central.
TL;DR: In this paper, a graphite-epoxy laminate of cross-ply (0/90) lamination is subjected to uniaxial tension, and transverse cracks in the 90° ply can be induced at strains as low as 0·3%.