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Institution

École normale supérieure de Cachan

EducationCachan, Île-de-France, France
About: École normale supérieure de Cachan is a education organization based out in Cachan, Île-de-France, France. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Decidability & Finite element method. The organization has 2717 authors who have published 5585 publications receiving 175925 citations.


Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a spherical actuator with two actuated degrees of freedom (DOFs) is described. But the authors focus on the performance of the actuator in terms of characteristic torque-speed and efficiency.
Abstract: This paper reports on the development of a spherical actuator with two actuated degrees of freedom (DOFs). The electromechanical conversion principle is that of an induction motor. The paper first discusses possibilities of adapting the actuator to a spherical rotor actuated with an unlimited angular range along two DOFs. These concepts are then characterized and compared by analytical and numerical modeling, and the final shape of the actuator, composed of a two-layer rotor with teeth surrounded by five inductors, is described. A prototype has been built, and its performance, in terms of characteristic torque-speed and efficiency, has been measured.

87 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
18 Jun 2008-PLOS ONE
TL;DR: Results indicate that apoptosis induced by a fusogenic HIV-1 Env follows a pro-apoptotic pathway involving the sequential activation of ATM, p38MAPK and p53.
Abstract: DNA damage can activate the oncosuppressor protein ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM), which phosphorylates the histone H2AX within characteristic DNA damage foci. Here, we show that ATM undergoes an activating phosphorylation in syncytia elicited by the envelope glycoprotein complex (Env) of human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) in vitro. This was accompanied by aggregation of ATM in discrete nuclear foci that also contained phospho-histone H2AX. DNA damage foci containing phosphorylated ATM and H2AX were detectable in syncytia present in the brain or lymph nodes from patients with HIV-1 infection, as well as in a fraction of blood leukocytes, correlating with viral status. Knockdown of ATM or of its obligate activating factor NBS1 (Nijmegen breakage syndrome 1 protein), as well as pharmacological inhibition of ATM with KU-55933, inhibited H2AX phosphorylation and prevented Env-elicited syncytia from undergoing apoptosis. ATM was found indispensable for the activation of MAP kinase p38, which catalyzes the activating phosphorylation of p53 on serine 46, thereby causing p53 dependent apoptosis. Both wild type HIV-1 and an HIV-1 mutant lacking integrase activity induced syncytial apoptosis, which could be suppressed by inhibiting ATM. HIV-1-infected T lymphoblasts from patients with inactivating ATM or NBS1 mutations also exhibited reduced syncytial apoptosis. Altogether these results indicate that apoptosis induced by a fusogenic HIV-1 Env follows a pro-apoptotic pathway involving the sequential activation of ATM, p38MAPK and p53.

87 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The diffusion of chloride ions in neat cement pastes and mortars made with and without a limestone filler was investigated in this article, where all mixtures were prepared at a fixed water cement ratio (0,55).

87 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A series of new electrofluorescent switches was prepared using electroactive fluorescent tetrazines, an original family of molecules featuring both highly stable reduced anion-radicals and fluorescence in the neutral state as discussed by the authors.

87 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: An experimental procedure is proposed and a mathematical proof that the algorithmic procedure is intrinsic, i.e. does not depend asymptotically upon the quantization mesh used for the topographic map, and it is proved its contrast invariance.
Abstract: Most image analysis algorithms are defined for the grey level channel, particularly when geometric information is looked for in the digital image. We propose an experimental procedure in order to decide whether this attitude is sound or not. We test the hypothesis that the essential geometric contents of an image is contained in its level lines. The set of all level lines, or topographic map, is a complete contrast invariant image description: it yields a line structure by far more complete than any edge description, since we can fully reconstruct the image from it, up to a local contrast change. We then design an algorithm constraining the color channels of a given image to have the same geometry (i.e. the same level lines) as the grey level. If the assumption that the essential geometrical information is contained in the grey level is sound, then this algorithm should not alter the colors of the image or its visual aspect. We display several experiments confirming this hypothesis. Conversely, we also show the effect of imposing the color of an image to the topographic map of another one: it results, in a striking way, in the dominance of grey level and the fading of a color deprived of its geometry. We finally give a mathematical proof that the algorithmic procedure is intrinsic, i.e. does not depend asymptotically upon the quantization mesh used for the topographic map. We also prove its contrast invariance.

87 citations


Authors

Showing all 2722 results

NameH-indexPapersCitations
Shi Xue Dou122202874031
Olivier Hermine111102643779
John R. Reynolds10560750027
Shaul Mukamel95103040478
Tomás Torres8862528223
Ifor D. W. Samuel7460523151
Serge Abiteboul7327824576
Stéphane Roux6862719123
Zeger Debyser6740416531
Louis Nadjo6426412596
Praveen K. Thallapally6419012110
Andrew Travers6319313537
Shoji Takeuchi6369214704
Bineta Keita6327412053
Yves Mély6236813478
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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers from the Institution in previous years
YearPapers
20233
202222
202121
202029
201958
201879