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Institution

Edith Cowan University

EducationPerth, Western Australia, Australia
About: Edith Cowan University is a education organization based out in Perth, Western Australia, Australia. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Tourism. The organization has 4040 authors who have published 13529 publications receiving 339582 citations. The organization is also known as: Edith Cowan & ECU.


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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the causes and costs of rework in 161 Australian construction projects were identified using a structured questionnaire survey, and a stepwise linear multiple regression analysis was then used to determine a model that included an optimum mixture of significant variables that contributed or lead to a reduction in TRC for the projects sampled.
Abstract: Rework represents the unnecessary effort of redoing a process or activity that is incorrectly implemented the first time. Using a structured questionnaire survey, the causes and costs of rework in 161 Australian construction projects were identified. Respondents were invited to indicate direct and indirect rework costs that would be subsequently combined to produce a total rework cost (TRC) figure. Stepwise linear multiple regression analysis was then used to determine a model that included an optimum mixture of significant variables that contributed or lead to a reduction in TRC for the projects sampled. The research revealed that rework per se can negatively influence project safety. Client initiated changes and ineffective use of information technology by the design professionals were identified as being significant variables contributing to rework occurrence. Contrary to an earlier presupposition, design scope freezing was also identified as being a significant factor that can contribute to rework.

128 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, single line scans at different laser powers were carried out using selective laser meting (SLM) equipment on a pre-fabricated porous Al86Ni6Y4.5Co2La1.5 metallic glass (MG) preform.
Abstract: In this study, single line scans at different laser powers were carried out using selective laser meting (SLM) equipment on a pre-fabricated porous Al86Ni6Y4.5Co2La1.5 metallic glass (MG) preform. The densification, microstructural evolution, phase transformation and mechanical properties of the scan tracks were systematically investigated. It was found that the morphology of the scan track was influenced by the energy distribution of the laser beam and the heat transfer competition between convection and conduction in the melt pool. Due to the Gaussian distribution of laser energy and heat transfer process, different regions of the scan track experienced different thermal histories, resulting in a gradient microstructure and mechanical properties. Higher laser powers caused higher thermal stresses, which led to the formation of cracks; while low power reduced the strength of the laser track, also inducing cracking. The thermal fluctuation at high laser power produced an inhomogeneous chemical distribution which gave rise to severe crystallization of the MG, despite the high cooling rate. The crystallization occurred both within the heat affected zone (HAZ) and at the edge of melt pool. However, by choosing an appropriate laser power crack-free scan tracks could be produced with no crystallization. This work provides the necessary fundamental understanding that will lead to the fabrication of large-size, crack-free MG with high density, controllable microstructure and mechanical properties using SLM.

128 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The cross-sectional analysis of plasma Abeta isoforms suggests that they may not be sufficient per se to diagnose AD, and the value of their measurement in prognosis and monitoring of AD interventions needs further study.
Abstract: Amyloid-beta (Abeta) plays a central role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and has been postulated as a potential biomarker for AD. However, there is a lack of consensus as to its suitability as an AD biomarker. The objective of this study was to determine the significance of plasma Abeta as an AD biomarker and its relationship with Abeta load and to determine the effect of different assay methods on the interpretation of Abeta levels. Plasma Abeta1-40, Abeta1-42, and N-terminal cleaved fragments were measured using both a commercial multiplex assay and a well-documented ELISA in 1032 individuals drawn from the well-characterized Australian Imaging, Biomarkers and Lifestyle (AIBL) study of aging. Further, Abeta levels were compared to Abeta load derived from positron-emission tomography (PET) with the Pittsburgh compound B (PiB). Lower Abeta1-42 and Abeta1-42/1-40 ratio were observed in patients with AD and inversely correlated with PiB-PET derived Abeta load. However, assay methodology significantly impacted the interpretation of data. The cross-sectional analysis of plasma Abeta isoforms suggests that they may not be sufficient per se to diagnose AD. The value of their measurement in prognosis and monitoring of AD interventions needs further study, in addition to future longitudinal comparisons together with other predictors, which will determine whether plasma Abeta has diagnostic value in a panel of biomarkers.

128 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A review of the marine climate change literature and suggestions for quantitative approaches in climate change ecology are provided, which help advance global knowledge of climate impacts and understanding of the processes driving ecological change.
Abstract: Contemporary impacts of anthropogenic climate change on ecosystems are increasingly being recognized. Documenting the extent of these impacts requires quantitative tools for analyses of ecological observations to distinguish climate impacts in noisy data and to understand interactions between climate variability and other drivers of change. To assist the development of reliable statistical approaches, we review the marine climate change literature and provide suggestions for quantitative approaches in climate change ecology. We compiled 267 peer-reviewed articles that examined relationships between climate change and marine ecological variables. Of the articles with time series data (n = 186), 75% used statistics to test for a dependency of ecological variables on climate variables. We identified several common weaknesses in statistical approaches, including marginalizing other important non-climate drivers of change, ignoring temporal and spatial autocorrelation, averaging across spatial patterns and not reporting key metrics. We provide a list of issues that need to be addressed to make inferences more defensible, including the consideration of (i) data limitations and the comparability of data sets; (ii) alternative mechanisms for change; (iii) appropriate response variables; (iv) a suitable model for the process under study; (v) temporal autocorrelation; (vi) spatial autocorrelation and patterns; and (vii) the reporting of rates of change. While the focus of our review was marine studies, these suggestions are equally applicable to terrestrial studies. Consideration of these suggestions will help advance global knowledge of climate impacts and understanding of the processes driving ecological change.

128 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors discuss the dilemmas qualitative researchers encounter when collecting data that is ethically sensitive, and situate the discussion in the realm of the Australian Occupational Health & Safety (OH&S) legislative requirement of "duty of care" using the Rapidly Degenerative Neurological Diseases Pilot Program in Western Australia as the case example.
Abstract: Qualitative researchers are compelled to use their personal judgements before, during and after interviews, particularly when their interview subjects are drawn from vulnerable groups. This paper discusses the dilemmas qualitative researchers encounter when collecting data that is ethically 'sensitive'; and situates the discussion in the realm of the Australian Occupational Health & Safety (OH&S) legislative requirement of 'duty of care' using the Rapidly Degenerative Neurological Diseases Pilot Program in Western Australia as the case example. The paper is focussed upon the practicalities and ethical concerns of the researchers conducting qualitative data collections. The discussion seeks to provide practical reflections on lessons learned and suggestions for self-care practice for researchers in the field and calls for policies that instruct and protect them.

128 citations


Authors

Showing all 4128 results

NameH-indexPapersCitations
Paul Jackson141137293464
William J. Kraemer12375554774
D. Allan Butterfield11550443528
Kerry S. Courneya11260849504
Robert U. Newton10975342527
Roger A. Barker10162039728
Ralph N. Martins9563035394
Wei Wang95354459660
David W. Dunstan9140337901
Peter E.D. Love9054624815
Andrew Jones8369528290
Hongqi Sun8126520354
Leon Flicker7946522669
Mark A. Jenkins7947221100
Josep M. Gasol7731322638
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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers from the Institution in previous years
YearPapers
202350
2022156
20211,433
20201,372
20191,213
20181,023