Institution
Emory University
Education•Atlanta, Georgia, United States•
About: Emory University is a education organization based out in Atlanta, Georgia, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Medicine. The organization has 51959 authors who have published 122469 publications receiving 6010698 citations.
Topics: Population, Medicine, Cancer, Health care, Poison control
Papers published on a yearly basis
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Sarah Cannon Research Institute1, Harvard University2, Oregon Health & Science University3, Yale University4, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center5, Johns Hopkins University6, Duke University7, Vanderbilt University8, Carolinas Medical Center9, Emory University10, University of Glasgow11, The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust12, University of Helsinki13, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center14, Bristol-Myers Squibb15
TL;DR: An objective response was achieved in ten (10%) of 98 patients receiving nivolumab 3 mg/kg, one (33%) of three patients receivingnivolUMab 1mg/kg plus ipilimumab 1 mg /kg, and 14 (23%) of 61 receiving n ivolumAB 1 mg/ kg plus ipILimumab 3mg/ kg, and ten (19%) of 54 receiving nvolum ab 3 mg / kg plusipilimum
Abstract: Summary Background Treatments for small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) after failure of platinum-based chemotherapy are limited. We assessed safety and activity of nivolumab and nivolumab plus ipilimumab in patients with SCLC who progressed after one or more previous regimens. Methods The SCLC cohort of this phase 1/2 multicentre, multi-arm, open-label trial was conducted at 23 sites (academic centres and hospitals) in six countries. Eligible patients were 18 years of age or older, had limited-stage or extensive-stage SCLC, and had disease progression after at least one previous platinum-containing regimen. Patients received nivolumab (3 mg/kg bodyweight intravenously) every 2 weeks (given until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity), or nivolumab plus ipilimumab (1 mg/kg plus 1 mg/kg, 1 mg/kg plus 3 mg/kg, or 3 mg/kg plus 1 mg/kg, intravenously) every 3 weeks for four cycles, followed by nivolumab 3 mg/kg every 2 weeks. Patients were either assigned to nivolumab monotherapy or assessed in a dose-escalating safety phase for the nivolumab/ipilimumab combination beginning at nivolumab 1 mg/kg plus ipilimumab 1 mg/kg. Depending on tolerability, patients were then assigned to nivolumab 1 mg/kg plus ipilimumab 3 mg/kg or nivolumab 3 mg/kg plus ipilimumab 1 mg/kg. The primary endpoint was objective response by investigator assessment. All analyses included patients who were enrolled at least 90 days before database lock. This trial is ongoing; here, we report an interim analysis of the SCLC cohort. This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT01928394. Findings Between Nov 18, 2013, and July 28, 2015, 216 patients were enrolled and treated (98 with nivolumab 3 mg/kg, three with nivolumab 1 mg/kg plus ipilimumab 1 mg/kg, 61 with nivolumab 1 mg/kg plus ipilimumab 3 mg/kg, and 54 with nivolumab 3 mg/kg plus ipilimumab 1 mg/kg). At database lock on Nov 6, 2015, median follow-up for patients continuing in the study (including those who had died or discontinued treatment) was 198·5 days (IQR 163·0–464·0) for nivolumab 3 mg/kg, 302 days (IQR not calculable) for nivolumab 1 mg/kg plus ipilimumab 1 mg/kg, 361·0 days (273·0–470·0) for nivolumab 1 mg/kg plus ipilimumab 3 mg/kg, and 260·5 days (248·0–288·0) for nivolumab 3 mg/kg plus ipilimumab 1 mg/kg. An objective response was achieved in ten (10%) of 98 patients receiving nivolumab 3 mg/kg, one (33%) of three patients receiving nivolumab 1 mg/kg plus ipilimumab 1 mg/kg, 14 (23%) of 61 receiving nivolumab 1 mg/kg plus ipilimumab 3 mg/kg, and ten (19%) of 54 receiving nivolumab 3 mg/kg plus ipilimumab 1 mg/kg. Grade 3 or 4 treatment-related adverse events occurred in 13 (13%) patients in the nivolumab 3 mg/kg cohort, 18 (30%) in the nivolumab 1 mg/kg plus ipilimumab 3 mg/kg cohort, and ten (19%) in the nivolumab 3 mg/kg plus ipilimumab 1 mg/kg cohort; the most commonly reported grade 3 or 4 treatment-related adverse events were increased lipase (none vs 5 [8%] vs none) and diarrhoea (none vs 3 [5%] vs 1 [2%]). No patients in the nivolumab 1 mg/kg plus ipilimumab 1 mg/kg cohort had a grade 3 or 4 treatment-related adverse event. Six (6%) patients in the nivolumab 3 mg/kg group, seven (11%) in the nivolumab 1 mg/kg plus ipilimumab 3 mg/kg group, and four (7%) in the nivolumab 3 mg/kg plus ipilimumab 1 mg/kg group discontinued treatment due to treatment-related adverse events. Two patients who received nivolumab 1 mg/kg plus ipilimumab 3 mg/kg died from treatment-related adverse events (myasthenia gravis and worsening of renal failure), and one patient who received nivolumab 3 mg/kg plus ipilimumab 1 mg/kg died from treatment-related pneumonitis. Interpretation Nivolumab monotherapy and nivolumab plus ipilimumab showed antitumour activity with durable responses and manageable safety profiles in previously treated patients with SCLC. These data suggest a potential new treatment approach for a population of patients with limited treatment options and support the evaluation of nivolumab and nivolumab plus ipilimumab in phase 3 randomised controlled trials in SCLC. Funding Bristol-Myers Squibb.
972 citations
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TL;DR: This article investigated the degree to which A. Bandura's (1997) hypothesized sources of selfefficacy predict the science self-efficacy beliefs of middle school students and found that only mastery experiences, vicarious experiences, social persuasions, physiological arousal, and self- efficacy significantly predicted science self efficacy.
Abstract: The purpose of this study was to investigate the degree to which A. Bandura's (1997) hypothesized sources of self-efficacy predict the science self-efficacy beliefs of middle school students (N ¼ 319), to replicate previous findings that science self-efficacy predicts science achievement, and to explore how science self-efficacy and its antecedents differ by gender. Significant correlations were found between mastery experiences, vicarious experiences, social persuasions, physiological arousal, and self- efficacy. Only mastery experiences significantly predicted science self-efficacy. Girls reported stronger science self-efficacy than did boys. Findings support and extend the theoretical tenets of Bandura's social cognitive theory. 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Res Sci Teach 43: 485-499, 2006 The purpose of this study was to investigate the degree to which Bandura's (1997) hypothesized sources of self-efficacy predict the science self-efficacy beliefs of middle school students. Self-efficacy has been found to be a strong predictor of academic achievement, course selection, and career decisions across domains and age levels. Information about the antecedents of self-efficacy may help science educators facilitate student progress in science during the middle school years and into high school. Although virtually all students take at least 1 year of science in high school, the number who take additional science courses is considerably lower. Only 60% of students take 2 years of high school science and the percentage drops to 25% who take 3 years of science (National Center for Educational Statistics (NCES), 2002). Even fewer students take advanced science courses: 16% take Advanced Placement (AP) biology, 6% AP chemistry, and 4% AP physics. Seeking to increase science course-taking and achievement, science educators have examined a wide range of factors that influence academic choices and performance. One potentially powerful influence is the confidence with which students approach science (Andre,
971 citations
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TL;DR: Patients randomly assigned to the high-dose regimen of adjuvant chemotherapy had significantly longer disease-free and overall survival if their tumors had c-erbB-2 overexpression, a useful marker to identify a subgroup of patients more likely than others to benefit from high doses of chemotherapy.
Abstract: Background The role of molecular markers in predicting the response to treatment of breast cancer is poorly defined. The Cancer and Leukemia Group B (CALGB) conducted a randomized adjuvant-chemotherapy trial (CALGB 8541) comparing three doses (high, moderate, and low) of cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, and fluorouracil in 1572 women with node-positive breast cancer. This study (CALGB 8869) was designed to determine whether the DNA index, the S-phase fraction, c-erbB-2 expression, or p53 accumulation could be used as a marker to identify a subgroup of patients more likely than others to benefit from high doses of chemotherapy. Methods Tissue blocks were obtained from 442 patients randomly selected from the larger CALGB trial. Paraffin sections from the primary lesions were analyzed for DNA content, S-phase fraction, c-erbB-2 expression, and p53 accumulation. Results Patients randomly assigned to the high-dose regimen of adjuvant chemotherapy had significantly longer disease-free and overall survival if thei...
971 citations
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University at Buffalo1, Medical College of Wisconsin2, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center3, Memorial Hospital of Rhode Island4, Pfizer5, University of Nevada, Reno6, University of Miami7, University of Minnesota8, University of Massachusetts Medical School9, Emory University10, National Institutes of Health11, University of California, Davis12, Yeshiva University13, University of Wisconsin-Madison14, Stanford University15, Northwestern University16, University of Iowa17, Kaiser Permanente18, University of Arizona19, University of Washington20, Rush University Medical Center21, Wake Forest University22, University of Texas at San Antonio23, University of California, Los Angeles24, University of California, San Diego25, University of Cincinnati26, Baylor College of Medicine27, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill28, Wayne State University29, Howard University30, George Washington University31, University of California, Irvine32, Ohio State University33, University of Tennessee Health Science Center34, University of Pittsburgh35, Stony Brook University36, Rutgers University37, University of Alabama at Birmingham38, University of Florida39, Harvard University40
TL;DR: Daily supplementation of calcium with vitamin D for seven years had no effect on the incidence of colorectal cancer among postmenopausal women, and the long latency associated with the development of colorescopy cancer, along with the seven-year duration of the trial, may have contributed to this null finding.
Abstract: Background Higher intake of calcium and vitamin D has been associated with a reduced risk of colorectal cancer in epidemiologic studies and polyp recurrence in polyp-prevention trials. However, randomized-trial evidence that calcium with vitamin D supplementation is beneficial in the primary prevention of colorectal cancer is lacking. Methods We conducted a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial involving 36,282 postmenopausal women from 40 Women’s Health Initiative centers: 18,176 women received 500 mg of elemental calcium as calcium carbonate with 200 IU of vitamin D3 twice daily (1000 mg of elemental calcium and 400 IU of vitamin D3) and 18,106 received a matching placebo for an average of 7.0 years. The incidence of pathologically confirmed colorectal cancer was the designated secondary outcome. Baseline levels of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D were assessed in a nested case–control study. Results The incidence of invasive colorectal cancer did not differ significantly between women assigned to calcium plus vitamin D supplementation and those assigned to placebo (168 and 154 cases; hazard ratio, 1.08; 95 percent confidence interval, 0.86 to 1.34; P = 0.51), and the tumor characteristics were similar in the two groups. The frequency of colorectal-cancer screening and abdominal symptoms was similar in the two groups. There were no significant treatment interactions with baseline characteristics. Conclusions Daily supplementation of calcium with vitamin D for seven years had no effect on the incidence of colorectal cancer among postmenopausal women. The long latency associated with the development of colorectal cancer, along with the seven-year duration of the trial, may have contributed to this null finding. Ongoing follow-up will assess the longer-term effect of this intervention. (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00000611.)
970 citations
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TL;DR: The authors reviewed the literature on teacher burnout and teachers' emotions and examined the role of teachers' appraisal of their emotional exhaustion, and argued that the habitual patterns in teachers' judgments about student behavior and other teaching tasks may contribute significantly to teachers' repeated experience of unpleasant emotions and those emotions may eventually lead to burnout.
Abstract: K-12 teaching is a profession characterized by high levels of burnout and emotional exhaustion. Teacher burnout has been widely reviewed and studied; however, only limited literature examines the emotional aspects of teachers’ lives and its connection with teacher burnout. The purpose of this article is to review the literature on teacher burnout and teachers’ emotions and to examine the role of teachers' appraisal of their emotional exhaustion. Through reviewing the literature on teacher burnout and emotions, I argue that the habitual patterns in teachers’ judgments about student behavior and other teaching tasks may contribute significantly to teachers’ repeated experience of unpleasant emotions and those emotions may eventually lead to burnout. In order to ease teacher burnout, I argue that more studies on the antecedent appraisals that teachers make are necessary to help teachers better understand how their emotions were triggered and then learn how to regulate those emotions.
969 citations
Authors
Showing all 52622 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
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Younan Xia | 216 | 943 | 175757 |
Eric J. Topol | 193 | 1373 | 151025 |
Bernard Rosner | 190 | 1162 | 147661 |
Paul G. Richardson | 183 | 1533 | 155912 |
Peter W.F. Wilson | 181 | 680 | 139852 |
Dennis S. Charney | 179 | 802 | 122408 |
Joseph Biederman | 179 | 1012 | 117440 |
Kenneth C. Anderson | 178 | 1138 | 126072 |
David A. Weitz | 178 | 1038 | 114182 |
Lei Jiang | 170 | 2244 | 135205 |
William J. Sandborn | 162 | 1317 | 108564 |
Stephen J. Elledge | 162 | 406 | 112878 |
Ali H. Mokdad | 156 | 634 | 160599 |
Michael Tomasello | 155 | 797 | 93361 |
Don W. Cleveland | 152 | 444 | 84737 |