Institution
Emory University
Education•Atlanta, Georgia, United States•
About: Emory University is a education organization based out in Atlanta, Georgia, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Poison control. The organization has 51959 authors who have published 122469 publications receiving 6010698 citations.
Topics: Population, Poison control, Transplantation, Health care, Cancer
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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TL;DR: The epitaxial deposition of a compressive shell onto a soft nanocrystalline core to form a lattice-mismatched quantum dot can dramatically change the conduction and valence band energies of both the core and the shell.
Abstract: Lattice strain is a structural parameter that has been exploited in microelectronic devices with great success, but its role in colloidal nanocrystals is still poorly understood. Here we have developed strain-tunable colloidal nanocrystals by using lattice-mismatched heterostructures that are grown by epitaxial deposition of a compressive shell (e.g., ZnSe or CdS) onto a soft and small nanocrystalline core (e.g., CdTe). This combination of a “squeezed” core and a “stretched” shell causes dramatic changes in both the conduction and valence band energies. As a result, we show that core-shell QDs with standard type-I behavior are converted into type-II nanostructures, leading to spatial separation of electrons and holes, extended excited state lifetimes, and giant spectral shifting. This new class of strain-tunable QDs exhibits narrow light emission with high quantum yield across a broad range of visible and near-infrared wavelengths (500 nm to 1050 nm).
699 citations
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Medical University of South Carolina1, Wake Forest University2, Emory University3, Indiana University4, Indiana University – Purdue University Indianapolis5, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center6, Virginia Commonwealth University7, Imperial College Healthcare8, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center9, Case Western Reserve University10
TL;DR: The accuracy of CTC varied considerably between centers and did not improve as the study progressed, suggesting that this method is not yet ready for widespread clinical application.
Abstract: ContextConventional colonoscopy is the best available method for detection
of colorectal cancer; however, it is invasive and not without risk. Computed
tomographic colonography (CTC), also known as virtual colonoscopy, has been
reported to be reasonably accurate in the diagnosis of colorectal neoplasia
in studies performed at expert centers.ObjectiveTo assess the accuracy of CTC in a large number of participants across
multiple centers.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsA nonrandomized, evaluator-blinded, noninferiority study design of 615
participants aged 50 years or older who were referred for routine, clinically
indicated colonoscopy in 9 major hospital centers between April 17, 2000,
and October 3, 2001. The CTC was performed by using multislice scanners immediately
before standard colonoscopy; findings at colonoscopy were reported before
and after segmental unblinding to the CTC results.Main Outcome MeasuresThe sensitivity and specificity of CTC and conventional colonoscopy
in detecting participants with lesions sized at least 6 mm. Secondary outcomes
included detection of all lesions, detection of advanced lesions, possible
technical confounders, participant preferences, and evidence for increasing
accuracy with experience.ResultsA total of 827 lesions were detected in 308 of 600 participants who
underwent both procedures; 104 participants had lesions sized at least 6 mm.
The sensitivity of CTC for detecting participants with 1 or more lesions sized
at least 6 mm was 39.0% (95% confidence interval [CI], 29.6%-48.4%) and for
lesions sized at least 10 mm, it was 55.0% (95% CI, 39.9%-70.0%). These results
were significantly lower than those for conventional colonoscopy, with sensitivities
of 99.0% (95% CI, 97.1%->99.9%) and 100%, respectively. A total of 496 participants
were without any lesion sized at least 6 mm. The specificity of CTC and conventional
colonoscopy for detecting participants without any lesion sized at least 6
mm was 90.5% (95% CI, 87.9%-93.1%) and 100%, respectively, and without lesions
sized at least 10 mm, 96.0% (95% CI, 94.3%-97.6%) and 100%, respectively.
Computed tomographic colonography missed 2 of 8 cancers. The accuracy of CTC
varied considerably between centers and did not improve as the study progressed.
Participants expressed no clear preference for either technique.ConclusionsComputed tomographic colonography by these methods is not yet ready
for widespread clinical application. Techniques and training need to be improved.
697 citations
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TL;DR: For pleasurable stimuli, these findings suggest that predictability modulates the response of human reward regions, and subjective preference can be dissociated from this response.
Abstract: Certain classes of stimuli, such as food and drugs, are highly effective in activating reward regions. We show in humans that activity in these regions can be modulated by the predictability of the sequenced delivery of two mildly pleasurable stimuli, orally delivered fruit juice and water. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging, the activity for rewarding stimuli in both the nucleus accumbens and medial orbitofrontal cortex was greatest when the stimuli were unpredictable. Moreover, the subjects' stated preference for either juice or water was not directly correlated with activity in reward regions but instead was correlated with activity in sensorimotor cortex. For pleasurable stimuli, these findings suggest that predictability modulates the response of human reward regions, and subjective preference can be dissociated from this response.
696 citations
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TL;DR: It is shown that the histologic categorization of adult renal epithelial neoplasms performed by routine light microscopic hematoxylin and eosin-based examination in accordance with the contemporary classification scheme has prognostic utility.
Abstract: Just two and a half decades ago adult renal cell neoplasms, i.e., those arising from the renal tubules or collecting duct epithelium, were subdivided into two major subtypes: "clear cell carcinoma" and "granular cell carcinoma." Subsequent detailed morphologic and/or cytogenetic studies have resulted in the recognition of several distinctive subtypes of adult renal epithelial neoplasms, which has led to the promulgation of a refined contemporary histologic classification of these tumors. This study examines the prognostic significance of histologic subtyping in accordance with the new classification in a consecutive series of 405 cases treated at a single institution. Cases were histologically classified into 28 (7%) benign tumors [27 (6.7%) renal oncocytomas, 1 (0.2%) metanephric adenoma] and 377 (93%) malignant tumors [255 (63%) conventional (clear cell) renal cell carcinoma, 75 (18.5%) papillary renal cell carcinoma, 24 (5.9%) chromophobe renal cell carcinoma, and 23 (5.7%) renal cell carcinoma, unclassified]. A total of 25 (6.6%) malignant tumors showed evidence of sarcomatoid change. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis with log-rank test showed histologic type (p = 0.002), Fuhrman's nuclear grade (p = 0.001), TNM stage (p = 0.001), vascular invasion (p = 0.001), and necrosis (p = 0.001) to be significantly associated with disease-specific survival and progression-free survival, based on follow-up of 368 patients (mean 64.5 months, median 56 months). The 5-year disease-specific survival for chromophobe renal cell carcinoma, papillary renal cell carcinoma, conventional (clear cell) renal cell carcinoma, and renal cell carcinoma, unclassified was 100%, 86%, 76%, and 24%, respectively; no patient with a benign tumor diagnosis progressed or died of disease. The 5-year progression-free survival for chromophobe renal cell carcinoma, papillary renal cell carcinoma, conventional (clear cell) renal cell carcinoma, and renal cell carcinoma, unclassified was 94%, 88%, 70%, and 18%, respectively. Malignant tumors with sarcomatoid change had a 35% and 27%, 5-year disease-specific and progression-free survival, respectively. Cox proportional hazards regression analysis showed TNM stage (p = 0.001), nuclear grade (p = 0.01), and necrosis (p = 0.05) to be significant predictors of disease-specific survival. In conclusion, our study shows that the histologic categorization of adult renal epithelial neoplasms performed by routine light microscopic hematoxylin and eosin-based examination in accordance with the contemporary classification scheme has prognostic utility.
696 citations
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Broad Institute1, Whitman College2, Simon Fraser University3, Howard Hughes Medical Institute4, University of Coimbra5, University College Dublin6, Emory University7, Chinese Academy of Sciences8, University of Ferrara9, University of Miskolc10, Armenian National Academy of Sciences11, University of Pennsylvania12, University of Winnipeg13, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University14, University of Edinburgh15, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland16, Spanish National Research Council17, Imperial College London18, Max Planck Society19, Binghamton University20, University of Huddersfield21, University of Pavia22, Yerevan State University23
TL;DR: This paper reported genome-wide ancient DNA from 44 ancient Near Easterners ranging in time between ~12,000 and 1,400 bc, from Natufian hunter-gatherers to Bronze Age farmers, showing that the earliest populations of the Near East derived around half their ancestry from a 'Basal Eurasian' lineage that had little if any Neanderthal admixture and that separated from other non-African lineages before their separation from each other.
Abstract: We report genome-wide ancient DNA from 44 ancient Near Easterners ranging in time between ~12,000 and 1,400 bc, from Natufian hunter–gatherers to Bronze Age farmers. We show that the earliest populations of the Near East derived around half their ancestry from a ‘Basal Eurasian’ lineage that had little if any Neanderthal admixture and that separated from other non-African lineages before their separation from each other. The first farmers of the southern Levant (Israel and Jordan) and Zagros Mountains (Iran) were strongly genetically differentiated, and each descended from local hunter–gatherers. By the time of the Bronze Age, these two populations and Anatolian-related farmers had mixed with each other and with the hunter–gatherers of Europe to greatly reduce genetic differentiation. The impact of the Near Eastern farmers extended beyond the Near East: farmers related to those of Anatolia spread westward into Europe; farmers related to those of the Levant spread southward into East Africa; farmers related to those of Iran spread northward into the Eurasian steppe; and people related to both the early farmers of Iran and to the pastoralists of the Eurasian steppe spread eastward into South Asia.
695 citations
Authors
Showing all 52622 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Younan Xia | 216 | 943 | 175757 |
Eric J. Topol | 193 | 1373 | 151025 |
Bernard Rosner | 190 | 1162 | 147661 |
Paul G. Richardson | 183 | 1533 | 155912 |
Peter W.F. Wilson | 181 | 680 | 139852 |
Dennis S. Charney | 179 | 802 | 122408 |
Joseph Biederman | 179 | 1012 | 117440 |
Kenneth C. Anderson | 178 | 1138 | 126072 |
David A. Weitz | 178 | 1038 | 114182 |
Lei Jiang | 170 | 2244 | 135205 |
William J. Sandborn | 162 | 1317 | 108564 |
Stephen J. Elledge | 162 | 406 | 112878 |
Ali H. Mokdad | 156 | 634 | 160599 |
Michael Tomasello | 155 | 797 | 93361 |
Don W. Cleveland | 152 | 444 | 84737 |