Institution
Emory University
Education•Atlanta, Georgia, United States•
About: Emory University is a education organization based out in Atlanta, Georgia, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Poison control. The organization has 51959 authors who have published 122469 publications receiving 6010698 citations.
Topics: Population, Poison control, Transplantation, Health care, Cancer
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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Emory University1, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven2, Institut Gustave Roussy3, Yonsei University4, Mahidol University5, Chiang Mai University6, Maidstone Hospital7, Chungbuk National University8, University of Toronto9, University of Parma10, Chang Gung University11, Kansai Medical University12, AstraZeneca13, Université Paris-Saclay14
TL;DR: Among patients with previously untreated advanced NSCLC with an EGFR mutation, those who received osimertinib had longer overall survival than those whoreceived a comparator EGFR-TKI.
Abstract: Background Osimertinib is a third-generation, irreversible tyrosine kinase inhibitor of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR-TKI) that selectively inhibits both EGFR-TKI–sensitizing ...
1,395 citations
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TL;DR: It is suggested that neonatal infections among ELBW infants are associated with poor neurodevelopmental and growth outcomes in early childhood and novel interventions to improve these outcomes can be explored.
Abstract: ContextNeonatal infections are frequent complications of extremely low-birth-weight
(ELBW) infants receiving intensive care.ObjectiveTo determine if neonatal infections in ELBW infants are associated with
increased risks of adverse neurodevelopmental and growth sequelae in early
childhood.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsInfants weighing 401 to 1000 g at birth (born in 1993-2001) were enrolled
in a prospectively collected very low-birth-weight registry at academic medical
centers participating in the National Institute of Child Health and Human
Development Neonatal Research Network. Neurodevelopmental and growth outcomes
were assessed at a comprehensive follow-up visit at 18 to 22 months of corrected
gestational age and compared by infection group. Eighty percent of survivors
completed the follow-up visit and 6093 infants were studied. Registry data
were used to classify infants by type of infection: uninfected (n = 2161),
clinical infection alone (n = 1538), sepsis (n = 1922),
sepsis and necrotizing enterocolitis (n = 279), or meningitis with
or without sepsis (n = 193).Main Outcome MeasuresCognitive and neuromotor development, neurologic status, vision and
hearing, and growth (weight, length, and head circumference) were assessed
at follow-up.ResultsThe majority of ELBW survivors (65%) had at least 1 infection during
their hospitalization after birth. Compared with uninfected infants, those
in each of the 4 infection groups were significantly more likely to have adverse
neurodevelopmental outcomes at follow-up, including cerebral palsy (range
of significant odds ratios [ORs], 1.4-1.7), low Bayley Scales of Infant Development
II scores on the mental development index (ORs, 1.3-1.6) and psychomotor development
index (ORs, 1.5-2.4), and vision impairment (ORs, 1.3-2.2). Infection in the
neonatal period was also associated with impaired head growth, a known predictor
of poor neurodevelopmental outcome.ConclusionsThis large cohort study suggests that neonatal infections among ELBW
infants are associated with poor neurodevelopmental and growth outcomes in
early childhood. Additional studies are needed to elucidate the pathogenesis
of brain injury in infants with infection so that novel interventions to improve
these outcomes can be explored.
1,391 citations
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TL;DR: A data‐driven method for generating an ROI atlas by parcellating whole brain resting‐state fMRI data into spatially coherent regions of homogeneous FC is introduced and several clustering statistics are used to compare methodological trade‐offs as well as determine an adequate number of clusters.
Abstract: Connectivity analyses and computational modeling of human brain function from fMRI data frequently require the specification of regions of interests (ROIs). Several analyses have relied on atlases derived from anatomical or cyto-architectonic boundaries to specify these ROIs, yet the suitability of atlases for resting state functional connectivity (FC) studies has yet to be established. This article introduces a data-driven method for generating an ROI atlas by parcellating whole brain resting-state fMRI data into spatially coherent regions of homogeneous FC. Several clustering statis- tics are used to compare methodological trade-offs as well as determine an adequate number of clus- ters. Additionally, we evaluate the suitability of the parcellation atlas against four ROI atlases (Talairach and Tournoux, Harvard-Oxford, Eickoff-Zilles, and Automatic Anatomical Labeling) and a random parcellation approach. The evaluated anatomical atlases exhibit poor ROI homogeneity and do not accurately reproduce FC patterns present at the voxel scale. In general, the proposed func- tional and random parcellations perform equivalently for most of the metrics evaluated. ROI size and hence the number of ROIs in a parcellation had the greatest impact on their suitability for FC analysis. With 200 or fewer ROIs, the resulting parcellations consist of ROIs with anatomic homol- ogy, and thus offer increased interpretability. Parcellation results containing higher numbers of ROIs (600 or 1,000) most accurately represent FC patterns present at the voxel scale and are preferable when interpretability can be sacrificed for accuracy. The resulting atlases and clustering software have been made publicly available at: http://www.nitrc.org/projects/cluster_roi/. Hum Brain Mapp
1,390 citations
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Harvard University1, Broad Institute2, Baylor College of Medicine3, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory4, University of California, Los Angeles5, University of California, San Diego6, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center7, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center8, Emory University9, Umeå University10, University of Cincinnati Academic Health Center11, Washington University in St. Louis12, Massachusetts Institute of Technology13
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that periods of disease activity were also marked by increases in temporal variability, with characteristic taxonomic, functional, and biochemical shifts, and integrative analysis identified microbial, biochemical, and host factors central to this dysregulation.
Abstract: Inflammatory bowel diseases, which include Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, affect several million individuals worldwide. Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis are complex diseases that are heterogeneous at the clinical, immunological, molecular, genetic, and microbial levels. Individual contributing factors have been the focus of extensive research. As part of the Integrative Human Microbiome Project (HMP2 or iHMP), we followed 132 subjects for one year each to generate integrated longitudinal molecular profiles of host and microbial activity during disease (up to 24 time points each; in total 2,965 stool, biopsy, and blood specimens). Here we present the results, which provide a comprehensive view of functional dysbiosis in the gut microbiome during inflammatory bowel disease activity. We demonstrate a characteristic increase in facultative anaerobes at the expense of obligate anaerobes, as well as molecular disruptions in microbial transcription (for example, among clostridia), metabolite pools (acylcarnitines, bile acids, and short-chain fatty acids), and levels of antibodies in host serum. Periods of disease activity were also marked by increases in temporal variability, with characteristic taxonomic, functional, and biochemical shifts. Finally, integrative analysis identified microbial, biochemical, and host factors central to this dysregulation. The study's infrastructure resources, results, and data, which are available through the Inflammatory Bowel Disease Multi'omics Database ( http://ibdmdb.org ), provide the most comprehensive description to date of host and microbial activities in inflammatory bowel diseases.
1,385 citations
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TL;DR: It is shown that mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin, also known as FRAP1) is a major regulator of memory CD8 T-cell differentiation, and in contrast to what was expected, the immunosuppressive drug Rapamycin has immunostimulatory effects on the generation of memoryCD8 T cells.
Abstract: Memory CD8 T cells are a critical component of protective immunity, and inducing effective memory T-cell responses is a major goal of vaccines against chronic infections and tumours. Considerable effort has gone into designing vaccine regimens that will increase the magnitude of the memory response, but there has been minimal emphasis on developing strategies to improve the functional qualities of memory T cells. Here we show that mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin, also known as FRAP1) is a major regulator of memory CD8 T-cell differentiation, and in contrast to what we expected, the immunosuppressive drug rapamycin has immunostimulatory effects on the generation of memory CD8 T cells. Treatment of mice with rapamycin following acute lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus infection enhanced not only the quantity but also the quality of virus-specific CD8 T cells. Similar effects were seen after immunization of mice with a vaccine based on non-replicating virus-like particles. In addition, rapamycin treatment also enhanced memory T-cell responses in non-human primates following vaccination with modified vaccinia virus Ankara. Rapamycin was effective during both the expansion and contraction phases of the T-cell response; during the expansion phase it increased the number of memory precursors, and during the contraction phase (effector to memory transition) it accelerated the memory T-cell differentiation program. Experiments using RNA interference to inhibit expression of mTOR, raptor (also known as 4932417H02Rik) or FKBP12 (also known as FKBP1A) in antigen-specific CD8 T cells showed that mTOR acts intrinsically through the mTORC1 (mTOR complex 1) pathway to regulate memory T-cell differentiation. Thus these studies identify a molecular pathway regulating memory formation and provide an effective strategy for improving the functional qualities of vaccine- or infection-induced memory T cells.
1,384 citations
Authors
Showing all 52622 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Younan Xia | 216 | 943 | 175757 |
Eric J. Topol | 193 | 1373 | 151025 |
Bernard Rosner | 190 | 1162 | 147661 |
Paul G. Richardson | 183 | 1533 | 155912 |
Peter W.F. Wilson | 181 | 680 | 139852 |
Dennis S. Charney | 179 | 802 | 122408 |
Joseph Biederman | 179 | 1012 | 117440 |
Kenneth C. Anderson | 178 | 1138 | 126072 |
David A. Weitz | 178 | 1038 | 114182 |
Lei Jiang | 170 | 2244 | 135205 |
William J. Sandborn | 162 | 1317 | 108564 |
Stephen J. Elledge | 162 | 406 | 112878 |
Ali H. Mokdad | 156 | 634 | 160599 |
Michael Tomasello | 155 | 797 | 93361 |
Don W. Cleveland | 152 | 444 | 84737 |