Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto

About: Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto is a based out in . It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Genus. The organization has 2143 authors who have published 3674 publications receiving 71071 citations. The organization is also known as: FFCLRP & FFCLRP-USP.

Nesting biology of four Tetrapedia species in trap-nests (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Tetrapediini)

Abstract: The nests used in this study were obtained from trap-nests (tubes of cardboard and cut bamboo stems) placed on Santa Carlota Farm (Itaoca Section-IS, Santana Section-SS and Cerrado-Ce), Cajuru, SP, Brazil. The number of nests and corresponding species obtained were as follows: 516 nests of T. curvitarsis, 104 of T. rugulosa, 399 of T. diversipes and 98 of T. garofaloi. The most abundant species from SS and Ce was T. curvitarsis, and from IS it was T. diversipes. In general, most nests were collected during the hot and wet season (September to April). The nests were constructed with sand and an oily substance, and a single female established them. The cells were constructed in a linear series, sometimes followed by a vestibular cell. The number of brood cells ranged from 1 to 10 in T. curvitarsis (n=200), and in T. garofaloi (n=51), from 1 to 8 (n=30) in T. rugulosa, and from 1 to 6 (n=37) in T. diversipes. The pollen mass (pollen + oily substance) contained a hollow, sometimes divided by a transverse ridge, on the exposed face of the pollen mass. The egg was vertically positioned in the lower part of the hollow. At times, the closing of a cell was initiated before provisioning was completed, with a construction of a collar at the cell limit. In some nests the final cellular partition also acted as a closure plug. Females began activities at 6:18 a.m. and ended between 3:31 and 6:26 p.m. Some females (T. curvitarsis, T. rugulosa and T. garofaloi) did not spend the nights at their nests, returning to them only the following morning with additional material. In general, the development period (for males and females) was greater in nests collected near the end of the hot and wet season than it was for nests collected in other months. Sex ratios for each species were as follows: T. curvitarsis, 1:1; T. rugulosa, 1.6:1 female; T. diversipes, 1.9:1; T. garofaloi, 2.8:1. Males and females of T. diversipes exhibited statistically similar sizes and in the other three species the females were larger than the males. The mortality rates were statistically similar: 33.2% for T. curvitarsis, 25.8% for T. rugulosa, 26.8% for T. diversipes and 38.2% for T. garofaloi. The parasitoids were: Coelioxoides exulans, Leucospis cayenensis, Anthrax sp., Coelioxys sp., Coelioxoides sp. and individuals of the family Meloidae.

Kinetic Analysis of Gill (Na+,K+)-ATPase Activity in Selected Ontogenetic Stages of the Amazon River Shrimp, Macrobrachium amazonicum (Decapoda, Palaemonidae): Interactions at ATP- and Cation-Binding Sites

Abstract: We investigated modulation by ATP, Mg2+, Na+, K+ and NH4+ and inhibition by ouabain of (Na+,K+)-ATPase activity in microsomal homogenates of whole zoeae I and decapodid III (formerly zoea IX) and whole-body and gill homogenates of juvenile and adult Amazon River shrimps, Macrobrachium amazonicum. (Na+,K+)-ATPase-specific activity was increased twofold in decapodid III compared to zoea I, juveniles and adults, suggesting an important role in this ontogenetic stage. The apparent affinity for ATP (KM = 0.09 ± 0.01 mmol L−1) of the decapodid III (Na+,K+)-ATPase, about twofold greater than the other stages, further highlights this relevance. Modulation of (Na+,K+)-ATPase activity by K+ also revealed a threefold greater affinity for K+ (K0.5 = 0.91 ± 0.04 mmol L−1) in decapodid III than in other stages; NH4+ had no modulatory effect. The affinity for Na+ (K0.5 = 13.2 ± 0.6 mmol L−1) of zoea I (Na+,K+)-ATPase was fourfold less than other stages. Modulation by Na+, Mg2+ and NH4+ obeyed cooperative kinetics, while K+ modulation exhibited Michaelis-Menten behavior. Rates of maximal Mg2+ stimulation of ouabain-insensitive ATPase activity differed in each ontogenetic stage, suggesting that Mg2+-stimulated ATPases other than (Na+,K+)-ATPase are present. Ouabain inhibition suggests that, among the various ATPase activities present in the different stages, Na+-ATPase may be involved in the ontogeny of osmoregulation in larval M. amazonicum. The NH4+-stimulated, ouabain-insensitive ATPase activity seen in zoea I and decapodid III may reflect a stage-specific means of ammonia excretion since functional gills are absent in the early larval stages.

Non-classical HLA-E gene variability in Brazilians: a nearly invariable locus surrounded by the most variable genes in the human genome.

Abstract: The non-classical human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I genes present a very low rate of variation. So far, only 10 HLA-E alleles encoding three proteins have been described, but only two are frequently found in worldwide populations. Because of its historical background, Brazilians are very suitable for population genetic studies. Therefore, 104 bone marrow donors from Brazil were evaluated for HLA-E exons 1-4. Seven variation sites were found, including two known single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) at positions +424 and +756 and five new SNPs at positions +170 (intron 1), +1294 (intron 3), +1625, +1645 and +1857 (exon 4). Haplotyping analysis did show eight haplotypes, three of them known as E*01:01:01, E*01:03:01 and E*01:03:02:01 and five HLA-E new alleles that carry the new variation sites. The HLA-E*01:01:01 allele was the predominant haplotype (62.50%), followed by E*01:03:02:01 (24.52%). Selective neutrality tests have disclosed an interesting pattern of selective pressures in which balancing selection is probably shaping allele frequency distributions at an SNP at exon 3 (codon 107), sequence diversity at exon 4 and the non-coding regions is facing significant purifying pressure. Even in an admixed population such as the Brazilian one, the HLA-E locus is very conserved, presenting few polymorphic SNPs in the coding region.

Simultaneous Quantification of Cocaine, Amphetamines, Opiates and Cannabinoids in Vitreous Humor

Abstract: A GC‐MS method for simultaneous analysis of cocaine (COC), amphetamines (AMPs), opiates, cannabinoids and their metabolites in vitreous humor (VH) was developed and fully validated. VH samples were extracted using solid phase extraction and injected into the GC‐MS, using a selected ion monitoring mode. Linearity ranged from 10 to 1000 ng/mL; the exception was anhydroecgonine methyl ester (AEME), for which linearity ranged from 10 to 750 ng/mL. Inter-assay imprecision lay from 1.2 to 10.0%, intraassay imprecision was <10.4% for all the analytes and accuracy ranged from 95.6 to 104.0%. An limit of quantitation for all drugs was 10 ng/mL and recoveries ranged from 70.4 to 100.1% for basic and neutral compounds; the acid compounds had poor recovery—<40%. The validated method was applied to 10 VH samples taken from individuals whose blood had screened positive for drugs of abuse. All the individuals screened positive for COC in the blood (seven samples) also had positive results in VH; COC concentration ranged from 30.81 to 283.97 ng/mL (mean 186.98 ng/mL) and benzoylecgonine concentration ranged from 11.47 to 460.98 ng/mL (mean 133.91 ng/mL). It was also noticed that, in five cases, cocaethylene was detected. AEME was also quantified in one case. The use of AMP detected by blood analysis was confirmed in the VH of one individual (24.31 ng/mL). However, samples taken from three individuals whose blood tested positive for carboxy-tetrahydrocannabinol presented negative results. The results demonstrated that VH is a suitable alternative biological sample to determine COC, AMPs, opiates and their metabolites.

Photophysical properties and the NO photorelease mechanism of a ruthenium nitrosyl model complex investigated using the CASSCF-in-DFT embedding approach.

Abstract: A complete state-averaged active space self-consistent field (SA-CASSCF) calculation by means of the SA-CASSCF(18,14)-in-BP86 Miller–Manby embedding approach was performed to explore the ground and excited electronic states of the trans-[RuCl(NO)(NH3)4]2+ complex. Insights into the NO photodissociation mechanism and Ru–NO bonding properties are provided. In addition, spin–orbit (SO) interactions were taken into account to describe and characterize the spin-forbidden transitions observed at the low-energy regions of the trans-[RuCl(NO)(NH3)4]2+ UV-Vis spectrum. The SA-CASSCF(18,14)-in-BP86 electronic spectrum is in great agreement with the experimental data of Schreiner [Schreiner et al., Inorg. Chem., 1972, 11, 880].