Federal University of São Carlos

About: Federal University of São Carlos is a education organization based out in São Carlos, Brazil. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Microstructure. The organization has 16471 authors who have published 34057 publications receiving 456654 citations. The organization is also known as: UFSCar & Federal University of São Carlos.

Six Key Features of Machine Type Communication in 6G

Abstract: While 5G is being rolled out in different parts of the globe, several research groups around the world have already started posing the question: What will the sixth generation (6G) be? The 6G vision is a data-driven society, enabled by near instant unlimited wireless connectivity. Driven by the impetus to provide vertical-specific wireless network solutions, machine type communication encompassing both its mission critical and massive connectivity aspects is foreseen to be an important cornerstone of 6G development. An over-arching vision for machine type communication in 6G networks is presented in paper. In this regard, some relevant performance indicators are first discussed, followed by a presentation of key enablers.

Two Centuries of Glass Research: Historical Trends, Current Status, and Grand Challenges for the Future

Abstract: The field of glass science and technology has a remarkable history spanning about two centuries of research. In this article, we analyze the number of research papers and patents related to glassy and amorphous materials in the published literature. The publication rate has increased roughly exponentially since 1945. Within the most recent decade, China has become the clear dominant player in the global glass research community, while the publication rate has declined in many of the historically most prolific countries. Oxide glasses, metallic glasses, amorphous carbon, and amorphous silicon have drawn the most research attention overall and are still given the greatest focus today. Publication data are also analyzed in terms of the properties under study, author keywords, affiliation, and primary characterization techniques. We find that the level of published (fundamental) glass research from industrial laboratories has dropped significantly, despite the opportunities for new breakthroughs to solve some of the most challenging problems facing the world today. But, surprisingly, the number of patents issued worldwide has surpassed the number of published scientific articles, indicating a very high level of activity in technological research.

Rethinking chemistry for a circular economy

Abstract: Brucellae are gram-negative intracellular pathogens that survive and multiply within host phagocytic cells. Smooth organisms present O-polysaccharides (OPS) on their surface. The wboA gene, which codes for the enzyme glycosyl transferase, is essential for the assembly of O-chain in Brucella. Deletion of wboA in smooth, virulent B. melitensis 16M results in a rough mutant designated WRR51. Unlike B. abortus, both smooth and rough strains of B. melitensis are resistant to complement-mediated killing. To determine the role of surface OPS in the interactions of B. melitensis with monocytes/macrophages (M/M), 16M and WRR51 were transformed with the plasmid pBBR1MCS-6y encoding green fluorescent protein, and the transformants were used to infect human mononuclear phagocytes with and without fresh human serum as a source of complement. Human monocytes were cultured in the presence of macrophage colony-stimulating factor to allow their differentiation into macrophages during the course of infection. Intracellular bacteria were easily visualized using fluorescence microscopy. Infection in M/M, identified by surface staining and fate of infected phagocytes, was quantitated by flow cytometry. Rough bacteria were internalized, with no requirement for opsonization by serum, at a higher rate than smooth organisms. Smooth B. melitensis survived and multiplied for at least 6 days inside M/M, but rough organisms were eliminated by death of the infected cells. In human monocytes cultured for 1 day without serum in order to trigger the apoptotic pathway, infection by rough brucellae accelerated phagocyte death; smooth brucellae inhibited apoptosis. This study suggests that the presence of surface OPS on live B. melitensis benefits the bacterium by preventing the death of macrophages, Brucella9s preferred target for intracellular replication.

Rehydration characteristics of freeze-dried tropical fruits

Abstract: Rehydration behaviours of five freeze-dried fruits, namely, pineapple, mango, guava, acerola and papaya were investigated and related to the structural changes during drying and glass transition temperature. After freeze-drying performed under vacuum conditions (13 kPa) and initial sample temperature near to −30 °C, fruits were allowed to rehydrate at 25 °C in distilled water for 6 h. The Exponential, Peleg and Weibull equations were applied to fit the experimental data using non-linear regression analysis. The statistical criteria used to evaluate the goodness of fit of each equation were the coefficient of determination ( R 2 ), the standard error of estimate (SEE) and the mean relative percentage deviation modulus (MRD). The Weibull equation was found to be the most adequate for describing the rehydration kinetics, since it gave the higher R 2 values and lower SEE and MRD values for all fruits examined in this study. From indices that take into account the quantity of water absorbed and the losses of solutes, it was possible to fully characterize the rehydration process of the freeze-dried fruits. Their water uptake capacity was affected not only by injuries during moisture removal but also by structural collapse induced by the rehydration process itself, which was explained using the glass transition concept.