Institution
Federal University of São Paulo
Education•São Paulo, Brazil•
About: Federal University of São Paulo is a education organization based out in São Paulo, Brazil. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Transplantation. The organization has 27971 authors who have published 49365 publications receiving 935536 citations. The organization is also known as: Universidade Federal de São Paulo & Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo.
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors reviewed the existing literature and knowledge of ACE2 in COVID-19 setting and focused on its pathophysiologic involvement in disease progression, clinical outcomes, and therapeutic potential.
Abstract: COVID-19 pandemic is caused by the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is not only an enzyme but also a functional receptor on cell surfaces through which SARS-CoV-2 enters the host cells and is highly expressed in the heart, kidneys, and lungs and shed into the plasma. ACE2 is a key regulator of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS). SARS-CoV-2 causes ACE/ACE2 balance disruption and RAAS activation, which leads ultimately to COVID-19 progression, especially in patients with comorbidities, such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and cardiovascular disease. Therefore, ACE2 expression may have paradoxical effects, aiding SARS-CoV-2 pathogenicity, yet conversely limiting viral infection. This article reviews the existing literature and knowledge of ACE2 in COVID-19 setting and focuses on its pathophysiologic involvement in disease progression, clinical outcomes, and therapeutic potential.
325 citations
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Newcastle University1, University of Southern California2, University of Bologna3, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre4, Maastricht University5, University of Pavia6, Turku University Hospital7, University of Turku8, Federal University of São Paulo9, Erasmus University Rotterdam10, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich11
TL;DR: It is shown that the risk of visual failure is greater when the 11778G-->A or 14484T-->C mutations are present in specific subgroups of haplogroup J and when the 3460G -->A mutation is present in haplogroups K and K, and significantly less when 11778g-->A occurs in haplogiroup H.
Abstract: Leber hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) is due primarily to one of three common point mutations of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), but the incomplete penetrance implicates additional genetic or environmental factors in the pathophysiology of the disorder. Both the 11778G→A and 14484T→C LHON mutations are preferentially found on a specific mtDNA genetic background, but 3460G→A is not. However, there is no clear evidence that any background influences clinical penetrance in any of these mutations. By studying 3,613 subjects from 159 LHON-affected pedigrees, we show that the risk of visual failure is greater when the 11778G→A or 14484T→C mutations are present in specific subgroups of haplogroup J (J2 for 11778G→A and J1 for 14484T→C) and when the 3460G→A mutation is present in haplogroup K. By contrast, the risk of visual failure is significantly less when 11778G→A occurs in haplogroup H. Substitutions on MTCYB provide an explanation for these findings, which demonstrate that common genetic variants have a marked effect on the expression of an ostensibly monogenic mtDNA disorder.
323 citations
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TL;DR: The results of some key studies are brought forth that can help to elucidate the aging-oxidative stress puzzle, as well as to explain which are the fundamental events in this interplay and why their causal relationships remain so elusive.
323 citations
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Federal University of Paraná1, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation2, University of Nottingham3, Aston University4, University of Southampton5, University of São Paulo6, University of Gothenburg7, University of Oxford8, University of St Andrews9, Federal University of São Paulo10, London Metropolitan University11, University of Southern Denmark12, Technische Universität München13, University of Glasgow14, Oxford Brookes University15
TL;DR: Small sizes and the limited quantities that can usually be obtained from patient-derived samples pose a number of challenges to their isolation, study and characterization, which are discussed in this review.
Abstract: Extracellular Vesicles (EVs) are gaining interest as central players in liquid biopsies, with potential applications in diagnosis, prognosis and therapeutic guidance in most pathological conditions. These nanosized particles transmit signals determined by their protein, lipid, nucleic acid and sugar content, and the unique molecular pattern of EVs dictates the type of signal to be transmitted to recipient cells. However, their small sizes and the limited quantities that can usually be obtained from patient-derived samples pose a number of challenges to their isolation, study and characterization. These challenges and some possible options to overcome them are discussed in this review.
323 citations
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TL;DR: Although the polymyxins showed excellent in vitro activity against the vast majority of Gram-negative bacilli evaluated, a trend to greater resistance was observed in the Asia-Pacific and Latin American regions, therefore, the clinical use of poly myxins must be cautious and surveillance monitored.
Abstract: OBJECTIVES: To comparatively evaluate the antimicrobial activities of colistin and polymyxin B with those of other antimicrobials against a worldwide collection of 40 625 Gram-negative bacilli. METHODS: Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed and interpreted using the CLSI broth microdilution method except for colistin against Enterobacteriaceae. RESULTS: The polymyxins showed potent in vitro activities (MIC₉₀, ≤ 0.5-1 mg/L) against this large collection of clinical isolates, with very low resistance rates (< 0.1%-1.5%). Resistance to the polymyxins remained stable among organisms tested except for Klebsiella spp. isolates collected from the Asia-Pacific and Latin American regions, where a trend towards greater resistance was observed (P ≤ 0.05). In addition, an important reduction in imipenem susceptibility among Acinetobacter spp. and Klebsiella spp. was demonstrated in most geographical regions. CONCLUSIONS: Although the polymyxins showed excellent in vitro activity against the vast majority of Gram-negative bacilli evaluated, a trend to greater resistance was observed in the Asia-Pacific and Latin American regions. Therefore, the clinical use of polymyxins must be cautious and surveillance monitored.
323 citations
Authors
Showing all 28240 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
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Majid Ezzati | 133 | 443 | 137171 |
Christian Guilleminault | 133 | 897 | 68844 |
Jean Rivier | 133 | 769 | 73919 |
Myron M. Levine | 123 | 789 | 60865 |
Werner Seeger | 114 | 1113 | 57464 |
Katherine L. Tucker | 106 | 683 | 39404 |
Michael Bader | 103 | 735 | 37525 |
Paulo A. Lotufo | 89 | 622 | 100527 |
Fernando Q. Cunha | 88 | 682 | 31501 |
Paul R. Sanberg | 87 | 635 | 29745 |
Harold A. Chapman | 87 | 191 | 26617 |
Ricardo T. Gazzinelli | 86 | 340 | 28233 |
Carlito B. Lebrilla | 86 | 495 | 25415 |
Roger S. McIntyre | 85 | 807 | 32040 |
Sergio Tufik | 85 | 1424 | 35174 |