Federal University of São Paulo

About: Federal University of São Paulo is a education organization based out in São Paulo, Brazil. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Transplantation. The organization has 27971 authors who have published 49365 publications receiving 935536 citations. The organization is also known as: Universidade Federal de São Paulo & Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo.

Antimicrobial Susceptibility and Epidemiology of a Worldwide Collection of Chryseobacterium spp.: Report from the SENTRY Antimicrobial Surveillance Program (1997-2001)

Abstract: Limited data are available on Chryseobacterium spp. leading to an evaluation of the patient demographics and susceptibility patterns for Chryseobacterium spp. collected in the first 5 years of the SENTRY Antimicrobial Surveillance Program (1997 to 2001). Fifty isolates (24 Chryseobacterium meningosepticum, 20 Chryseobacterium indologenes, two Chryseobacterium gleum, and 4 Chryseobacterium spp. isolates) were collected. The highest Chryseobacterium prevalence was detected among the elderly. The most active antimicrobials were the newer quinolones (garenoxacin, gatifloxacin, and levofloxacin, each with a MIC at which 90 percent of the isolates are inhibited [MIC90] of 1 μg/ml and 98.0% susceptibility) followed by rifampin (MIC90, 2 μg/ml and 85.7% susceptibility). Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, ciprofloxacin, and piperacillin-tazobactam also showed reasonable activity; vancomycin showed poor potency.

An anatomic study of the iliotibial tract.

Abstract: Purpose: To identify the structure of the iliotibial tract at knee level, as well as its insertions, layer arrangement, and relationship with other structures of the lateral region of the knee and to compare the findings with available literature. Methods: Ten detailed anatomic dissections were performed by using incisions as recommended by the literature in fresh cadaver knees identifying the iliotibial tract components. Results: The authors observed an iliotibial tract arrangement in superficial, deep, and capsularosseous layers. Insertions have been described as follows: at linea aspera, at the upper border of the lateral epicondyle, at the patella, and at Gerdy’s tibial tuberculum and across the capsular-osseous layer. Conclusions: The iliotibial tract (ITT) has important interconnections to the femur, the patella, and the lateral tibia; the iliopatellar band joins the ITT to the patella through the superficial oblique retinaculum and the lateral femoropatellar ligament, and the ITT capsular-osseous layer presents differentiated fibers in an arched arrangement that borders the femoral condyle and inserts laterally to the Gerdy’s tubercle. Clinical Relevance: The iliotibial tract can be considered as an anterolateral knee stabilizer, particularly its capsular-osseous layer, which, together with the anterior cruciate ligament, constitutes a functional unit forming a spatial “horseshoe” form. The detailed description of the structures forming iliotibial tract plays an important role in the study of knee instabilities. Its important tibial, femoral, and patellar conections are described so that better understanding of tibial femoral instability on the lateral side as well as patellofemoral instability can be achieved and mechanisms of repair can be conceived. Key Words: Iliotibial tract—Knee functional anatomy—Pivot shift.

Stapled versus handsewn methods for colorectal anastomosis surgery: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials

Abstract: CONTEXTO: O aumento do numero de ensaios clinicos tem demonstrado o alto interesse nos resultados de comparacoes entre sutura manual e grampeamento nas anastomoses colorretais Esses estudos, no entanto, nao permitem conclusoes em virtude da falta de poder estatistico das amostras analisadas OBJETIVO: Comparar anastomoses colorretais realizadas com sutura manual e com grampeamento, testando a hipotese de que a tecnica que utiliza o grampeador e mais vantajosa em relacao aquela realizada com fios de sutura TIPO DE ESTUDO: Revisao sistematica de ensaios clinicos randomizados e controlados ESTRATEGIA DA PESQUISA: Uma revisao sistematica da literatura foi realizada, sem restricoes de lingua, datas ou outras consideracoes As fontes de informacao utilizadas foram Embase, Lilacs, Medline, Base de Dados de Ensaios Clinicos Controlados da Colaboracao Cochrane e cartas para autores e produtores de grampos e fios de sutura CRITERIOS DE SELECAO: Os estudos foram incluidos na amostra de acordo com os criterios de randomizacao A validade externa das pesquisas foi investigada pelas caracteristicas dos participantes, pelas intervencoes e pelas variaveis analisadas Dois revisores realizaram a selecao dos estudos clinicos, os quais enfocaram analises de pacientes adultos atendidos eletivamente COLETA DE DADOS E ANALISE: A qualidade metodologica dos estudos foi investigada pelos mesmos revisores Alem disso, os criterios de randomizacao, o mascaramento, a intencao de tratamento, perdas e exclusoes foram tambem analisadas A metanalise foi realizada utilizando-se diferenca de risco e diferenca de media ponderal, com os respectivos intervalos de confianca de 95% As variaveis estudadas foram mortalidade, deiscencia, estenose, hemorragia, reoperacao, infeccao da parede abdominal, tempo de realizacao da anastomose e tempo de internacao RESULTADOS: Nove ensaios clinicos foram selecionados Apos a constatacao de que era possivel a utilizacao de uma das duas tecnicas que estavam sendo comparadas, 1233 pacientes foram incluidos, dos quais 622 foram submetidos a tecnica do grampeamento e 611 a tecnica de sutura manual com fios As diferencas encontradas entre as variaveis nao foram significantes, exceto para a estenose, que foi mais frequente na tecnica do grampeamento (p < 0,05) e tempo de realizacao da anastomose que foi maior para a tecnica de sutura manual (p < 0,05) CONCLUSAO: As evidencias encontradas foram insuficientes para demonstrar superioridade da tecnica de grampeamento sobre a tecnica de sutura manual nas anastomoses colorretais, independentemente do nivel da anastomose

Dissemination in distinct Brazilian regions of an epidemic carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa producing SPM metallo-β-lactamase

Abstract: Background: In Brazil, carbapenem use has been limited by high carbapenem-resistance rates among Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates. Objective: The main objective of this study was to evaluate the presence of an epidemic P. aeruginosa strain In unrelated Brazilian hospitals. We also aimed to search for the gene bla SPM , which encodes production of SPM, a novel metallo-β-lactamase (MBL). Methods: A reference broth microdilution method was used for antimicrobial susceptibility testing. The Isolates were typed by ribotyping and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). A disc-approximation test using MBL inhibitors was employed to screen Isolates for MBL production. PCR was used to search for the gene bla SPM . Results: A total of 43 clinical isolates of carbapenem-resistant P. aeruginosa were collected from 12 hospitals. Colistin retained greatest activity In vitro. A single ribogroup included 17 P. aeruginosa isolates (39.5%) collected from seven unrelated hospitals located in five Brazilian states. Sixteen of these Isolates showed an identical PFGE pattern, and 15 produced an SPM-1-like MBL. The remaining 26 isolates were grouped Into 25 diverse ribogroups; none were MBL producers. Conclusions: The emergence and dissemination of an epidemic clone has contributed to the high carbapenem resistance rates among P. aeruginosa Isolates in Brazil. In addition, the production of SPM MBL has an Important role in carbapenem resistance In this region. This Is the first report of dissemination of an SPM-1 -like-MBL-producing strain of P. aeruginosa among unrelated Brazilian hospitals.