Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University

About: Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University is a healthcare organization based out in Ürümqi, China. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Apoptosis & Population. The organization has 241 authors who have published 139 publications receiving 1190 citations.

The paxillin-plectin-EPLIN complex promotes apical elimination of RasV12-transformed cells by modulating HDAC6-regulated tubulin acetylation.

Abstract: Recent studies have revealed that newly emerging RasV12-transformed cells are often apically extruded from the epithelial layer. During this cancer preventive process, cytoskeletal proteins plectin and Epithelial Protein Lost In Neoplasm (EPLIN) are accumulated in RasV12 cells that are surrounded by normal cells, which positively regulate the apical elimination of transformed cells. However, the downstream regulators of the plectin-EPLIN complex remain to be identified. In this study, we have found that paxillin binds to EPLIN specifically in the mix culture of normal and RasV12-transformed cells. In addition, paxillin is accumulated in RasV12 cells surrounded by normal cells. Paxillin, plectin and EPLIN mutually influence their non-cell-autonomous accumulation, and paxillin plays a crucial role in apical extrusion of RasV12 cells. We also demonstrate that in RasV12 cells surrounded by normal cells, acetylated tubulin is accumulated. Furthermore, acetylation of tubulin is promoted by paxillin that suppresses the activity of histone deacetylase (HDAC) 6. Collectively, these results indicate that in concert with plectin and EPLIN, paxillin positively regulates apical extrusion of RasV12-transformed cells by promoting microtubule acetylation. This study shed light on the unexplored events occurring at the initial stage of carcinogenesis and would potentially lead to a novel type of cancer preventive medicine.

Effect of N-acetylcysteine on exacerbations of bronchiectasis (BENE): a randomized controlled trial

Abstract: N-acetylcysteine is a classic mucolytic agent. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of N-acetylcysteine on reducing the risk of exacerbations in bronchiectasis patients. A prospective, randomized, controlled trial was conducted between April 1, 2014 and December 31, 2016 in five general hospitals in Shandong Province, China. Adult bronchiectasis patients with at least two exacerbations in the past year were potentially eligible. Patients were randomly assigned to receive oral N-acetylcysteine (600 mg, twice daily, 12 months) or on-demand treatment. A total of 161 patients were eligible for randomization (81 to the N-acetylcysteine group and 80 to the control group). During the 12-month follow-up, the incidence of exacerbations in the N-acetylcysteine group was significantly lower than that in the control group (1.31 vs. 1.98 exacerbations per patient-year; risk ratio, 0.41; 95% CI, 0.17–0.66; P = 0.0011). The median number of exacerbations in the N-acetylcysteine group was 1 (0.5–2), compared with 2 (1–2) in the control group (U = − 2.95, P = 0.003). A total of 24.7% of the N-acetylcysteine group patients and 11.3% of the control group patients remained exacerbation-free throughout the 12-month follow-up (χ2 = 4.924, P = 0.026). Compared with the control group, the volume of 24-h sputum in the N-acetylcysteine group was significantly reduced (t = − 3.091, P = 0.002). Additionally, the N-acetylcysteine group showed a significant improvement in the quality of life. No severe adverse events were reported in the intervention group. The long-term use of N-acetylcysteine is able to reduce the risk of exacerbations for bronchiectasis patients in Shandong Province, China. The results of this study should be verified in a larger randomized controlled trial. ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT02088216) (Registered date: March 5, 2014).

Regional Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasonography (CEUS) Characteristics of Breast Cancer and Correlation with Microvessel Density (MVD).

Abstract: BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to investigate the perfusion characteristics of different breast lesion regions in contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS). MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 161 malignant and benign breast lesion cases were subjected to CEUS. Perfusion parameters were analyzed and compared between the central and peripheral lesion regions, and surrounding tissue. Mass section was marked with methylene blue. Samples were subjected to immunohistochemistry, and microvessel density (MVD) was calculated. RESULTS There were significant differences in perfusion performance between the central and peripheral lesion regions, and surrounding tissue. In the malignant tumors, the fast-in and fast-out pattern was the most common type in the peripheral region (57.98%), while the slow-in and slow-out patterns were the major types in the central region and surrounding tissue (49.58% and 57.98%, respectively). Compared with the surrounding tissue, the peripheral region in the cancers exhibited hyperechoic enhancement and fast-in and slow-out pattern, with large area under the curve (AUC), while the central region showed isoechoic enhancement and equally-in and slow-out pattern, with large AUC. In the benign lesions, the peripheral region exhibited hyperechoic enhancement and fast-in and fast-out pattern, with small AUC, while the central region showed isoechoic enhancement and equally-in and -out pattern, with the same AUC value. Moreover, the perfusion parameters in the central and peripheral regions were significantly associated with MVD. CONCLUSIONS It is more objective to evaluate the perfusion performance of breast lesions with the reference of surrounding tissue. Compared with the central region, the peripheral region could better reflect the perfusion characteristics of malignant lesions.

Study on anterior and posterior approaches for spinal tuberculosis: a meta-analysis

Abstract: Timely and appropriate surgical intervention can enhance the stability of spine, eliminate the compression on spinal cord and prevent the further development the complications that may follow. However, there is no optimum surgical approach that has been agreed by surgeons. Incidence rate of spinal tuberculosis is still high in many developing countries. Except from chemotherapy, some patients require surgical treatment at certain phases of disease development. However, there is still not a standard operative procedure for spinal tuberculosis in the current research, and we studied the differences of anterior and posterior approach for spinal tuberculosis, to provide guidance for the further operative treatments. We searched “Pubmed” (2000.1–2014.7), “Medline” (2000.1–2014.7), “Elseveir” (2000.1–2014.7), Cochrane library (2008.1–2014.7), Wanfang (2000.1–2014.7), and CNKI (2000.1–2014.7) databases with the key words of “thoracolumbar tuberculosis”, “controlled randomized trial”, “RCT”, “anterior” “posterior”, and searched for randomized controlled trials for spinal tuberculosis. We compared the operative time, total blood loss, correction of Cobb angle, loss of Cobb angle at final follow-up, fusion time of allograft, time of total hospital stay, and the effectiveness of operative treatment between the anterior and posterior surgical approaches by Revman5.3 software. From 1,523 papers found, we chose eight randomized controlled trials comparing different surgical approaches for the treatment of spinal tuberculosis. The total number of patients was 754, in which 377 were treated with anterior approach and 377 were treated with posterior approach correction of Cobb angle (P 0.05). There are significant differences between the two operative approaches regarding the correction of Cobb angle, but no significant differences regarding operation time, blood loss, loss of Cobb angle at the last follow-up, total fusion time, and length of total stay in the hospital.

Expression of HPV-16 E6 protein and p53 inactivation increases the uterine cervical cancer invasion.

Abstract: Human papillomavirus infection (HPV-16) and expression of HPV E6 protein are the major risk factors of cervical cancer. Studies reported that expression of E6 protein adversely affect the function of p53 and thus involved in tumor progression. In the present study, we made an attempt to analyze the prevalence of HPV-16 association, E6 and p53 expression in cervical cancer tissues. Uterine cervical cancer (n=10) and corresponding normal epithelium tissues (n=10) were collected at the time of surgery. The HPV-16 integration and E6 expression were analyzed by PCR and immunohistostaining. Further, p53 and Ki67 expression were analyzed by immunohistostaining. Telomerase was detected using a modified TRAP (telomerase repeat amplification protocol) assay. We have found that almost 90% of the collected cervical cancer DNA samples showed positivity to HPV-16 and more than 60% of DNA samples were E6 positive. Further, these tissues were highly positive to p53 and Ki67 protein which contribute to apoptosis resistance and increased cell proliferation. We also found elevated level of telomerase expression in cancer tissues compared to control. The association of HPV infection and E6 expression increases the risk of cervical cancer. Further, E6 expression is the cause for inactivation of p53 in tumor tissues and deregulated cell proliferation and thus favors for tumor invasion.