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Showing papers by "Flinders University published in 1982"


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Cholesteryl Ester transfer activity did not correlate with the molar rate of cholesterol esterification in the plasma, nor with the concentration of cholesteryl ester in low density lipoproteins or high density lipiproteins.
Abstract: 1. Large variations have been observed in the cholesteryl ester transfer activity of lipoprotein-free plasma isolated from 16 vertebrate species. 2. The different species have been arbitrarily divided into low, intermediate and high transfer activity groups, with man in the intermediate group. 3. Cholesteryl ester transfer activity did not correlate with the molar rate of cholesterol esterification in the plasma, nor with the concentration of cholesteryl ester in low density lipoproteins or high density lipoproteins. 4. It correlated positively and significantly with the concentration in very low density lipoproteins (r = 0.34, P = 0.014).

362 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Vascular substance P-immunoreactive nerves are likely to be of sensory origin and were markedly reduced in guinea-pigs that were injected with capsaicin but was unaffected by the injection of 6-hydroxydopamine.

307 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is deduced that varicose fibres immunoreactive for 5-hydroxytryptamine, which occur around the enteric ganglion cells of both plexuses arise from nerve cell bodies in myenteric ganglia than send their axons in an anal direction.

256 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: There are two classes of aromatic amine neuron in the guinea-pig small intestine, the enteric 5-HT neurons and enteric, non-5-HT, amine handling neurons, compared with the distribution of enteric amine-handling neurons that take up and decarboxylate L-dopa.

254 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated differences in depressive symptoms, self-esteem, Protestant Ethic values, attributional style, and general interest for two samples of young male and female subjects (78 employed, 69 unemployed).
Abstract: Differences in depressive symptoms, self-esteem, Protestant Ethic values, attributional style; and general interest were investigated for two samples of young male and female subjects (78 employed, 69 unemployed) The unemployed subjects (both males and females) had higher depression scores (Beck Depression Inventory) and they were lower in self-esteem (Backman, O'Malley, & Johnston, 1978) Unemployed male subjects had lower Protestant Ethic scores and reported that good and bad outcomes across a range of situations were less important to them when compared with employed male subjects Some differences in attributional style were also obtained

129 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is concluded, that a single deep breath results in the opening of atelectatic alveoli, the release of pulmonary surfactant and possibly also the transfer of PLalv from the tubular myelin to the monomolecular phase.

128 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The behavioral effects of cholinergic agonists and antagonists were examined in two lines of rats developed through selective breeding techniques to be differentially sensitive to the anticholinesterase diisopropyl fluorophosphate (DFP).
Abstract: The behavioral effects of cholinergic agonists and antagonists were examined in two lines of rats which have been developed through selective breeding techniques to be differentially sensitive to the anticholinesterase diisopropyl fluorophosphate (DFP). The line of rats which were determined to be more sensitive to DFP (Flinders S line) were also more sensitive to the depressant effects of the agonists pilocarpine and physostigmine on locomotor activity, water intake, and operant responding maintained by water reward. In contrast, the locomotor stimulant effects of scopolamine, a muscarinic antagonist, were less marked in the S-line rats, while the depressant effects of atropine and scopolamine on water intake and operant responding maintained by water reward were comparable in the two lines. The S-line rats were also significantly more sensitive to the hypothermic effects of pilocarpine and oxotremorine. These findings are consistent with the hypothesis that the S-line rats are more sensitive to the acute effects of DFP because they have a higher number of muscarinic-cholinergic receptors.

105 citations


Journal ArticleDOI

85 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Tveitite is an ordered yttrofluorite mineral with an abnormally high yttrium plus rare-earth content, and the structure is strongly fluorite-related as discussed by the authors.

82 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the Rokeach Value Survey was used to test hypotheses about the relationship of values to action within the context of expectancy-valence theory and found that attitudes and outcome expectancies were correlated with measures of willingness to act on behalf of an organization.
Abstract: Two studies were conducted to test hypotheses about the relationship of values to action within the context of expectancy-valence theory. In these studies, university students who had previously completed the Rokeach Value Survey answered questionnaires that related to social movement organizations and that contained attitude items, expectancy items, and measures of willingness to assist these organizations. It was predicted that (1) value rankings from the Rokeach Value Survey will be systematically related to attitudes toward social movement organizations; (2) both attitudes and outcome expectancies (subjects' estimates of how helpful their action will be) will be correlated with measures of willingness to act on behalf of an organization; and (3) attitudes and expectancies will jointly account for more of the variance in action measures than either attitudes or expectancies can account for independently. Results showed that hypotheses were consistently supported across two measures of action, two contrasting organizations, hypothetical and actual commitments to act, and two subject samples. These results extend the scope of the expectancy-valence approach by incorporating general values (conceived as motives) into the analysis, and they have practical implications for social movement strategies.

76 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the alpha ratio between hemispheres changes during lateralized task performance and significant differences were found in hemispheric specificity between low and high hypnotizables especially during the continuous tasks.
Abstract: MacLeod-Morgan (1979) found a significant relationship between hypnotizability and EEG hemispheric specificity. Hemispheric specificity is defined as the extent to which the alpha ratio between hemispheres changes during lateralized task performance. The present study was designed to replicate and extend this finding. EEG was recorded bilaterally from 44 subjects during performance of two right- and two left-hemisphere discontinuous tasks from MacLeod-Morgan (1979), and four new comparable continuous tasks. As predicted, significant differences were found in hemispheric specificity between low and high hypnotizables especially during the continuous tasks.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The data are consistent with the hypothesis that the changes in sensitivity have arisen because of changes in the functioning of a central cholinergic system(s) and the generalization is relatively specific.
Abstract: The degree of generalization to the effects of DFP, an organophosphate anticholinesterase, was studied in two lines of Sprague-Dawley derived rats selectively bred for varying sensitivities to DFP. In the S13, S14, S15, and S16 generations the Flinders S-line of rats were still more sensitive to the effects of DFP on the criterion variables upon which selection was based: core body temperature, body weight and a simple operant response for water reward. The flinders S-line were also more sensitive to the effects of DFP on locomotor activity, FR5 responding for a water reward, and analgesia, indicating some degree of generalization. However, diarrhea, a symptom of peripheral effects of DFP, occurred at a similar incidence in the two lines, although males of both lines had higher incidences than the females. Neither of the two lines was affected by DFP for variables in which aversive (i.e. shock) motivation was used: The number of discriminative escape responses and the escape times were similar. These findings indicate that while the effects of DFP do generalize beyond the criterion variables upon which selection was based, the generalization is relatively specific. The data are consistent with the hypothesis that the changes in sensitivity have arisen because of changes in the functioning of a central cholinergic system(s).

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a consumer faces list prices for commodities, but can buy one at a discount, and the number of quotations sought depends on list prices, search costs and wealth.
Abstract: A consumer faces list prices for commodities, but can buy one at a discount. Discounts vary randomly between sellers. The number of quotations sought depends on list prices, search costs and wealth. This function is homogeneous of degree zero, and, provided some sufficient conditions are satisfied, is; increasing in wealth; decreasing in search cost; independent of the list price of the discounted commodity if indirect utility is multiplicatively separable; increasing in the list price if the commodity is a necessity; increasing in the list price of substitutes. Slutsky's equation is generalized to include search.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The use of constant-volume evaporation pans for estimating the isotopic composition of water evaporating from an open water body, δE, has been studied in this paper.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors found that job satisfaction was significantly predicted by the perceived job attributes of skill-utilization, influence, variety, pressure, and interaction, and the effects of multi-collinearity were measured using principle components analysis and measures of the variance inflation factor for each beta coefficient.
Abstract: With a representative sample of 1383 Adelaide employees it was found, using simple multiple regression, that job satisfaction was significantly predicted by the perceived job attributes of skill-utilization, influence, variety, pressure, and interaction. For the total sample, skill-utilization was the strongest predictor of job satisfaction. In order to measure the degree of over-estimation of R2, a double cross-validation of the data was conducted. The R2 varied from .47 to .51 and the beta coefficient for skill-utilization remained the highest and varied from .48 to .50. The effects of multi-collinearity were measured using principle components analysis and measures of the variance inflation factor for each beta coefficient. It was concluded that multicollinearity was not a significant problem for these data. The degree to which the observed association between job satisfaction and skill-utilization was due to content similarity of the scale was assessed by deleting ability items from the job-satisfacti...

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Observations suggest that tight junctions on day 5 may be more efficient in preserving the contents of the uterine lumen from dilution or escape than at earlier times of pregnancy.
Abstract: The ultrastructure of tight junctions between uterine luminal epithelial cells of the pregnant rat was studied by the freeze-fracture technique. On day 5 of pregnancy, the day of implantation, the region of tight junctions extended three times as far down the lateral cell membrane as on day 1 of pregnancy, and the strands of the complex interlinked more frequently. These observations suggest that tight junctions on day 5 may be more efficient in preserving the contents of the uterine lumen from dilution or escape than at earlier times of pregnancy.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In all cases the fit of the model predicted exchanges to those measured experimentally was extremely good, thus greatly increasing confidence in the validity of theModel was unable to detect evidence of the transfer protein binding to LDL.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Reproductive interference between three species of reptile tick, Aponomma hydrosauri, Amblyomma albolimbatum and Amb.
Abstract: Reproductive interference between three species of reptile tick, Aponomma hydrosauri, Amblyomma albolimbatum and Amb. limbatum was investigated. Adults of two species attach together on the same lizard hosts in narrow overlap zones at parapatric boundaries between species, providing opportunities for interference. The possibility of reproductive interference was suggested because of similarities in the sexual communication systems.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The N-B transition of albumin caused a change in conformation at site I which resulted in increased binding of drugs and fluorescent probes at this site, whereas there was no effect on acidic drug binding at site II and the effects of increasing pH and fatty acids were additive.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The application of a proposed evaluation procedure, involving an initial Recognition Test and a subsequent Recall Test, to a set of occupational safety signs is reported, with results indicating the same signs gave rise to difficulty for all groups.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is concluded that sulphinpyrazone and its metabolite(s) decrease the plasma clearance of tolbutamide by inhibition of oxidative metabolism.
Abstract: The effect of sulphinpyrazone on tolbutamide elimination was investigated in 6 healthy male volunteers. Co-administration of sulphinpyrazone (200 mg, 6 hourly) reduced mean plasma tolbutamide clearance by 40% and prolonged mean tolbutamide half-life by 80%. Twenty four hours after the cessation of a one week period of chronic sulphinpyrazone therapy tolbutamide plasma clearance (30% reduction) and half-life (19% prolongation) were still significantly different to control values, even though sulphinpyrazone could not be detected in the plasma of any of the subjects at this time. In vitro studies of the plasma protein binding of tolbutamide demonstrated concentration dependent binding but displacement of tolbutamide by sulphinpyrazone in vitro only became apparent at high concentrations of added sulphinpyrazone. Although the concentration dependence of tolbutamide protein binding demonstrated in vitro was also observed in the subject plasma samples, the magnitude of this effect was small. It is concluded that sulphinpyrazone and its metabolite(s) decrease the plasma clearance of tolbutamide by inhibition of oxidative metabolism.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is concluded that both enteric nerves and the peripheral processes of sensory nerves which show immunoreactivity for substance P in this species contain the authentic peptide.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Occupational and sex differences in eleven, need-related uses of leisure time and level of leisure satisfaction were examined, supporting the segmentation model of work and leisure but also indicating a number of ways in which work andisure are related.
Abstract: A stratified sample of 210 employees in Adelaide, Australia, were interviewed. Occupational and sex differences in eleven, need-related uses of leisure time and level of leisure satisfaction were examined. Occupational differences were small but lower status occupations were less likely to report autonomy and skill utilization needs. Females were more likely to report social oriented leisure needs. Occupations did not differ in leisure satisfaction and for the sample as a whole skill-utilization was the major predictor of satisfaction. The results were interpreted as supporting the segmentation model of work and leisure but also indicating a number of ways in which work and leisure are related.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the equilibrium of a plasma cylinder confined by means of a steady axial magnetic field and a transverse magnetic field, which rotates about the axis of the cylinder, was analyzed using a two-fluid model.
Abstract: The equilibrium of a plasma cylinder confined by means of a steady axial magnetic field, Bα, and a transverse magnetic field, Bω, which rotates about the axis of the cylinder is analysed using a two-fluid model. It is shown that the electron fluid is tied to the rotating field provided that The rotating field does not impart a steady azimuthal motion to the ions provided that However, the ion fluid acquires a steady azimuthal velocity due to electron-ion collisions. A self-consistent radial electric field is produced; this field plays an important role in establishing the steady ion flow.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The results show that the adult pattern of retinal projections to the LGNd and optic tectum develops a number of weeks before eye opening occurs (at 90-120 days).


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: An algorithm for the stable evaluation of the weights of interpolatory quadratures with prescribed simple or multiple knots is presented and the results indicate that the accuracy of the method presented is much higher than that achieved by solving the Vandermonde system directly.
Abstract: We present an algorithm for the stable evaluation of the weights of interpolatory quadratures with prescribed simple or multiple knots and compare its performance with that obtained by directly solving, using the method proposed by Galimberti and Pereyra [1], the confluent Vandermonde system of linear equations satisfied by the weights. Elsewhere Kautsky [5] has described a property which relates the weights of interpolatory quadratures to the principal vectors of certain non-derogatory matrices. Using this property one can get the information about the weight functionw of the approximated integral implicitly through the (symmetric tridiagonal) Jacobi matrix associated with the polynomials orthonormal with respect tow. The results indicate that the accuracy of the method presented is much higher than that achieved by solving the Vandermonde system directly.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the reliability of uranium-series age determinations of marine phosphorites has been tested by simultaneous determination of 230 Th/ 234 U and 231 Pa/ 235 U.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a sample of 139 medical students (87 male, 52 female) at an Australian university took part in a questionnaire study in which they completed the Rokeach Value Survey and rated the importance of various reasons for their decision to take up medicine as a career.
Abstract: A sample of 139 medical students (87 male, 52 female) at an Australian university took part in a questionnaire study in which they completed the Rokeach Value Survey and rated the importance of various reasons for their decision to take up medicine as a career. It was found that the students tended to endorse social/altruistic reasons (working with people, helping others) and the opportunity to become involved in a challenging occupation as the most important reasons for their occupational choice. Other reasons, such as satisfying one's parents or having the opportunity to achieve high social status and to benefit financially, were rated much lower in importance. In comparison with females, male students tended to rate personal, agentic reasons as more important, and interpersonal, expressive reasons as less important. The students' value priorities were related in predictable ways to the importance ratings they assigned to particular reasons, especially to status/materialistic reasons. Results were assumed to provide evidence about the self-concepts of medical students. It was suggested that future research might investigate how these self-concepts might change during training and in medical practice, and the extent to which actual behaviour in the work situation would be consistent with these self-concepts.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Two Australian tick species Aponomma hydrosauri and Amblyomma albolimbatum have the same major host species, the lizard Trachydosaurus rugosus but males show the same interspecific difference but there is also a difference between populations.
Abstract: Two Australian tick species Aponomma hydrosauri and Amblyomma albolimbatum have the same major host species, the lizard Trachydosaurus rugosus. While females of Amb. albolimbatum are most often attached in the ears and on the neck of their hosts, Ap. hydrosauri females prefer to attach further back, under the forearms and on the back. Males show the same interspecific difference but there is also a difference between populations. Ap. hydrosauri males from populations in contact with Amb. albolimbatum attach more often in posterior positions than Ap. hydrosauri males from populations isolated from Amb. albolimbatum. These differences were found in both field populations and laboratory reared ticks. Phylogenetic evidence suggests that the change in male attachment site between Ap. hydrosauri populations followed the colonization of T. rugosus. We propose that the most likely reason for the change of attachment sites has been interspecific interactions with Amb. albolimbatum and that competition has been for space for efficient reception of female signals.