Showing papers by "Florida Atlantic University published in 1979"

Olfaction: Responses of a Decapod Crustacean Are Enhanced by Flicking

Abstract: Periodic movements of the olfactory organs, known as "flicking," temporally enhance the response of the olfactory receptors of the spiny lobster to changes in stimulus concentration. This reflex provides the lobster with a physiological mechanism to compensate for the indiscrete temporal nature of chemical stimuli.

Linking actual and perceived certainty of punishment

Abstract: An untested proposition in deterrence theory is that people's perceptions of the certainty of arrest in a community are influenced by their exposure to information about crimes committed in the community which have and have not resulted in arrest. We examine the effects of two sources of information on people k perceptions of the certainty of arrest in a community: (1) newspaper crime stories and (2) personal experiences with crimes and the personal experiences of one's acquaintances. Only the latter appear to influence people's estimates of the certainty of arrest.

Mapping Personal Value Space: A Study of Managers in Four Organizations

Abstract: The concept of personal values is a much referenced but little documented one in the organization behavior literature. In this study, a modified version of the Rokeach Value Survey is used to generate data on the personal values of 132 managers from four different organizations. Comparisons are made by level and by organization, and the value space of each organization is partially mapped, by combining the value data of the managers themselves with the values attributed by them to relevant and nonrelevant others. The results indicate the existence of by-level, by-organization differences hither-to undetected by other, more general measures of personal values. Suggestions for expanded research and diagnostic use of the Value Survey are made.

The Education Deanship: A Further Analysis.

Abstract: This article expands and extends the analysis of data previously reported in a study of the education deanship The data were collected from national samples of deans, central administrators, department chairpersons, and faculty Multivariate statistical procedures used were factor analysis with rotations, multivariate analysis of variance, and canonical discriminant analysis The purposes of the retreatment of the data were to: (1) identify factors that were produced from the responses and compare them with the semantic “factors” described in the original analysis; (2) compare differences among respondent groups; and (3) assess commonality of responses within each group New and unique factors, relationships, and group differences were found Perceptions and acceptances of the dean's role were not uniform, with department chairpersons being the most heterogeneous

Range Expansion in Southern Florida of the Introduced Spotted Tilapia, with Comments on its Environmental Impress

Abstract: The Spotted Tilapia, Tilapia mariae , apparently introduced to Dade County, Florida, between 1972 and 1974, has expanded its range dramatically. This exotic fish is now established in three counties (Broward, Collier, and Dade) in canals and lakes in an area encompassing approximately 2,000 km 2 .

Chemosensory integration in the spiny lobster: Ascending activity in the olfactory-globular tract

Abstract: Chemical stimulation of the antennules (1st antennae) of the spiny lobster,Panulirus argus, activates olfactory-globular tract neurons that ascend the eyestalk of this organism. Extracellular records show that: 1. Receptor fields of these neurons are always unilateral. Fields of some units include medial as well as lateral filament chemoreceptors. Ipsilateral input predominates but some crossing over of contralateral input is evident (Table 1). 2. These neurons respond to antennular chemostimulation with a transient, concentration-dependent increase in firing frequency (Fig. 3). No inhibitory responses were noted. Thresholds to taurine stimulation average 2.4×10−5M (Table 3). 3. Responses decrement rapidly to repetitive stimulation (Fig. 4). Responses are not decremented or incremented by simultaneous bilateral chemostimulation (Table 4).

Mode spectrum of the modified Goubau line

Abstract: The problem of surface-wave propagation over the modified Goubau line, which consists of a Goubau line with an airgap between the conductor and dielectric, is formulated by the boundary-value method. The various modes which exist on the line as well as their cutoff conditions and the specific effects of the airgap are obtained from a solution of the characteristic equation. The mode spectrum for the symmetric and hybrid modes as well as the transverse field distributions for the E00 and H01 modes are also presented. The axial power flow and the attenuation constant are calculated for the dominant mode and the salient low-loss feature may be explained perhaps in terms of total internal reflection or duct propagation phenomena.

Criteria for Choice A Study of Individual Behavior in the Criminal Justice System

Abstract: This article begins with a definition of politics as a problem-solving process. Thus, to understand politics we need to understand how people solve problems. This research focuses on the ways individuals perceive, evaluate, and use a limited amount of informa tion in solving problems in a criminal justice context.An experiment was used to control information and assess performance levels. In the first wave of the experiment Ss read "criminal court transcripts" from an assault and battery case, in which characteristics of the information source were varied. In the second treatment Ss read excerpts of the Miranda case. The data analysis presented here examines the effects of information source, individual level of cognitive complexity, and decision making rules or logics on verdicts.

Note on the equivalence of the Routh and Hurwitz methods of approximation

Abstract: A method of reduction based on the use of Hurwitz polynomials is shown to be equivalent to other methods of reduction which are based on the Routh table.

An Application of Pattern Recognition Techniques to Side Scan Sonar Data

Abstract: This paper summarizes a study designed to determine if computer-aided pattern recognition techniques could be applied to the data of side scanning sonar. The technique presented is based on the hypothesis that variations in backscatter of sound energy from different ocean bottoms may be described in terms of changes in the texture and tone of side scanning sonar images. Measures of texture and tone are derived from first order statistics of the spatial variation of bottom returns. The pattern recognition classification algorithm known as "adaptive sample set constrution" is implemented for use with side scanning sonar data. The results are presented for application of the algorithm to the classification of two sand and one mud bottom type.

Channel catfish virus disease vaccine and method of preparation thereof and method of immunization therewith

Abstract: The invention relates to a channel catfish virus vaccine comprising an attenuated strain or strains of channel catfish virus and a pharmaceutically acceptable diluent and a method of preparation thereof comprising the serial passage of a channel catfish virus through a plurality of tissue cell cultures until the resulting virus material is sufficiently attenuated to permit its safe administration to channel catfish. The invention also relates to a method of immunizing channel catfish from channel catfish virus disease comprising hyperosmotically infiltrating the channel catfish with the above-described vaccine followed by a the hyperosmotic infiltration thereof with a booster dose of said vaccine.

Sex differences in socialization anxiety.

Abstract: Summary Cross-cultural ethnographic data on 106 pre-industrial and industrializing societies were used to test seven hypotheses about sex-linked differences in modal levels of socialization anxiety observed among children. Five of these hypotheses were supported, demonstrating that boys displayed significantly higher overall levels of socialization anxiety than girls; girls exhibited significantly lower levels of anxiety related to achievement, independence, and self-reliance training than boys; and, finally, a higher level of anxiety, associated with nurturance training occurred among girls than boys. Of the two remaining unsupported hypotheses, data were in the predicted direction for both (girls exhibited higher levels of responsibility and obedience anxiety than boys); however, the differences failed to reach significance.

Primary tissue cultures from organ fragments: a simplified method.

Abstract: Organ fragments washed in Ca++ and Mg++-free saline, treated with trypsin and placed directly into culture flasks adhered within seconds to the vessel surface. If the fragments were suspended in culture medium before they were added to the flasks, they did not adhere. This technique permits the rapid attachment and subsequent growth of the primary tissue cultures.

The Innovation Cycle.

Abstract: 1. Ralph W. Tyler, Basic Principles of Curriculum and Instruction (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1950), p. 150. 2. Michael Scriven, "The Methodology of Evaluation" in Curriculum Evaluation, ed. R. Stake. AERA Monograph Series on Evaluation, no. 1. (Chicago: Rand McNally, 1967), p. 52. 3. W. James Popham, Educational Evaluation (Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey: Prentice-Hall, Inc., 1975), p. 250. 4. Ibid., p. 234.

Revitalizing the Urban High School

Abstract: Student apathy, poor academic performance, truancy, vandalism—these are some of the most serious problems faced by the urban school today. At one school with such problems a low-cost, highly effective program to involve the students in the problem-solving process was designed and implemented. A description of that program follows.

The taxonomic status of Polystachya foliosa (orchidaceae) in The Bahama Islands

Abstract: Polystachya foliosa is lectotypified and a new triandrous variety of it is described from the Bahama Islands and Cuba.

Alternate Formulas for Chi Square

Abstract: Two alternate formulas for chi square are presented in this article. Formula 1 is for two observed frequencies. Formula 2 is for three observed frequencies. The formulas do not require prior calculations of expected frequencies and thus eliminate errors frequently incurred in calculating expected frequencies. Both formulas represent a faster and more economical method for obtaining chi square than the conventional formula and methodology. For example, Formula 1, for two observed frequencies, can yield a chi square value in 10 sec. on a hand calculator equipped with chain functions. Appropriate tables and examples of use are given for both formulas. Degrees of freedom and significance levels required by each formula for chi square are given. The logic of the chi square test and the appropriate null hypothesis are also considered. The two formulas are abridged from a larger series of alternate formulas for chi square developed by the authors.

Time moments and Markov parameters of composite systems

Abstract: A theorem is given to show that a reduced-order composite system, formed from the interconnection of a number of reduced-order models that are Pade-type approximants of some subsystems, matches the initial time moments and Markov parameters of the composite system formed from the interconnection of these subsystems. Thus the reduced-order composite system has the same tracking properties as the original composite system.

The effect of response-contingent feedback stimuli under two types of avoidance extinction conditions

Abstract: Four groups of rats were conditioned to avoid shock in a two-way shuttlebox. During acquisition. each response both precluded a brief programmed shock and produced a I-sec feedback signal. CS termination was not permitted during either acquisition or' extinction. During extinction, response-produced or yoked feedback was combined with either 100% response-independent shock or no-shock conditions. Greatest resistance to extinction of avoidance behavior was obtained when response-produced feedback occurred in the absence of shock relative to any other combination of these events. These results, when compared to those of previous studies investigating the role of warning signal termination in combination with the presence or absence of shock in extinction (Hartley, 1968), clearly reveal a functional similarity between feedback and CS termination. The most prevalent interpretation of discriminative avoidance behavior has been the two-factor theory, originally discussed by Mowrer and Lamoreaux (1946) and more recently by Solomon and Brush (1956). According to the theory, conditioning is accomplished by both Pavlovian and operant processes. A classically conditioned fear response develops by repeated pairings of CS and US. This fear reaction motivates the subject to avoid the US. Reinforcement of avoidance occurs when fear is reduced by response-produced termination of the CS and preclusion of the US. An alternative explanation of avoidance views the CS, CS termination, and the presence or absence of the US as having discriminative rather than motivational prop­ erties (Mowrer & Jones, 1945; Sheffield, 1949). When one or all of these cues are altered during extinction, avoidance behavior declines due to generalization decrement. Thus, if a subject is avoiding either a high proportion of shocks during terminal acquisition or all of them, a no-shock extinction procedure should pro­ long extinction over a procedure in which shocks occur on all extinction trials . Similarly , any extinction pro­ cedure that alters the consequences of responding from those occurring during the acquisition phase, whether the events be CS termination, US avoidance, or any other highly discriminable events, should facilitate extinction of the behavior.