scispace - formally typeset
Search or ask a question

Showing papers by "Florida Atlantic University published in 1997"


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that the theta rhythm is controlled by a network of cells extending from the brainstem to the septum/hippocampus and that its disruption (electroencephalographic desynchronization) may block or temporarily suspend mnemonic processes of the hippocampus.

738 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, molecular orbital theoretical calculations based on the modified neglect of differential overlap (MNDO) method were performed on some substituted methyl pyridines and substituted ethane derivatives in common use as corrosion inhibitors for iron in acid media.
Abstract: Molecular orbital theoretical calculations based on the modified neglect of differential overlap (MNDO) method were performed on some substituted methyl pyridines and substituted ethane derivatives in common use as corrosion inhibitors for iron in acid media. New correlations of corrosion rates with the energy of the highest occupied molecular orbital (EHOMO), the energy gap or difference between the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital and the highest occupied molecular orbital (ELUMO − EHOMO), and Hammett's parameter (σ) were presented. Absolute electronegativity (χ) values and the fraction of electrons (ΔN) transferred from substituted pyridine and ethane compounds to iron in the bulk metal were calculated and correlated with corrosion rates for the first time.

466 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors focus on the impact that reputation has on the decision to proceed with a strategic alliance and find that reputation is a multidimensional construct, personal information processing characteristics of the decision-maker mediate the reputation effect.
Abstract: This paper focuses on the impact that reputation has on the decision to proceed with a strategic alliance. Employing reputation constructs adapted from the Fortune Corporate Reputation Survey, we manipulated a target firm’s reputation in an experimental design. The subjects were placed in the role of CEO of the partner firm and asked whether they would engage in the alliance. Findings indicate that (1) reputation is a multidimensional construct, (2) the personal information-processing characteristics of the decision-maker mediate the reputation effect and may suppress the reputation information, (3) subjects may compensate weaker elements of reputation for stronger ones when making decisions, (4) product and management reputation are the most important factors, and (5) reputation is a factor affecting the decision regardless of whether the proposed target is a supplier or a competitor. © 1997 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

448 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: An evolutionary psychological account of human aggression is proposed and several of the contexts in which humans confront these adaptive problems are outlined and the evolutionary logic of why men are cross-culturally more violently aggressive than women in particular contexts is outlined.

374 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the elastic behavior of open-ended, free-standing, single wall, carbon nanotubes is investigated by a Tersoff-Brenner potential, and typical failure modes as well as stress-strain curves for a number of tube radii are shown.

365 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors developed a 12-item scale to measure an individual's level of trust in his or her supervisor and in her or his work organization as a whole.
Abstract: This article reports on the development of a 12-item scale to measure an individual's level of trust in his or her supervisor and in his or her work organization as a whole. The scale was tested in...

319 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a dual notion, output-to-state stability (OSS), was proposed in terms of a dissipation inequality involving storage (Lyapunov) functions.

301 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The possibility that infants' and young children's immature behaviors and cognitions are sometimes adaptive is explored and interpreted in terms of evolutionary theory in this paper, where it is argued that developmental immaturity had an adaptive role in evolution and continues to have an adaptive roles in human development.
Abstract: The possibility that infants' and young children's immature behaviors and cognitions are sometimes adaptive is explored and interpreted in terms of evolutionary theory. It is argued that developmental immaturity had an adaptive role in evolution and continues to have an adaptive role in human development. The role of developmental retardation in human evolution is discussed, followed by an examination of the relation between humans' extended childhood and brain plasticity. Behavioral neoteny, as exemplified by play, is examined, as are some potentially adaptive aspects of infants' perception and cognition that limit the amount of information they can process. Aspects of immature cognition during early childhood that may have some contemporaneous adaptive value are also discussed. It is proposed that viewing immaturity as sometimes adaptive to the developing child alters how children and their development are viewed. Nature wants children to be children before they are men. If we deliberately depart from this order, we shall get premature fruits which are neither ripe nor well flavored and which soon decay. We shall have youthful sages and grown up children. Childhood has ways of seeing, thinking, and feeling, peculiar to itself; nothing can be more foolish than to substitute our ways for them. —Jean Jacques Rousseau

300 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The motivation is to present a unifying mechanism for a diverse set of long memory processes, observed under a variety of sensorimotor conditions, by incorporating both the inevitable occurrence of noise in the nervous system and delay feedback networks involved in controlling the motor output.
Abstract: The wide occurrence of 1yf a type of long memory (long range correlated) processes in electrical systems and in solid state devices has long posed a challenging problem for physics [1]. A number of mechanisms, ranging from the superposition of many independent relaxation processes [2] to self-organized criticality [3], are proffered to explain this phenomenon. In this Letter we report the manifestation of long memory processes in a human sensorimotor coordination experiment in which a subject synchronizes his finger tapping with an external periodic stimulus. Using an array of diagnostic tools including rescaled range analysis and the spectral maximum likelihood estimator, we show that the error time series, defined as the time between a predetermined point in the tapping cycle and the onset of the stimulus, exhibits long memory of 1yf a type, and can be modeled as fractional Gaussian noise [4]. The average value of a is found to be about 0.5. This result adds the present human sensorimotor coordination system to a growing list of biological examples in which one observes long range correlated random fluctuations [5‐ 7]. In addition, we report our attempt at modeling the experimental findings using stochastic delay differential equations. Our motivation is to present a unifying mechanism for a diverse set of long memory processes, observed under a variety of sensorimotor conditions [7], by incorporating both the inevitable occurrence of noise (white) in the nervous system and delay feedback networks involved in controlling the motor output. Experiment and data collection.—Five right-handed male subjects ranging in age from 25 to 35 took part in the synchronization experiment. Seated in a sound attenuated chamber, each subject was instructed to cyclically press his index finger against a computer key in synchrony with a periodic series of auditory beeps, delivered through a headphone. Two frequency conditions, F1 › 2 Hz (T1 › 500 ms) and F2 › 1.25 Hz (T2 › 800 ms), were studied. These frequencies were chosen such that the subject was able to perform the required tapping motion continuously

285 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors used SPSS discriminant function analysis to determine the sex of 56 male and 50 female individuals from cadaver collections, and found that the distal breadths from both the femur and tibia provided the best discrimination.

250 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is shown here that oxidation of a methionine residue in a voltage-dependent potassium channel modulates its inactivation, and the results suggest that oxidation and reduction of Methionine could play a dynamic role in the cellular signal transduction process in a variety of systems.
Abstract: Oxidation of amino acid residues in proteins can be caused by a variety of oxidizing agents normally produced by cells. The oxidation of methionine in proteins to methionine sulfoxide is implicated in aging as well as in pathological conditions, and it is a reversible reaction mediated by a ubiquitous enzyme, peptide methionine sulfoxide reductase. The reversibility of methionine oxidation suggests that it could act as a cellular regulatory mechanism although no such in vivo activity has been demonstrated. We show here that oxidation of a methionine residue in a voltage-dependent potassium channel modulates its inactivation. When this methionine residue is oxidized to methionine sulfoxide, the inactivation is disrupted, and it is reversed by coexpression with peptide methionine sulfoxide reductase. The results suggest that oxidation and reduction of methionine could play a dynamic role in the cellular signal transduction process in a variety of systems.


Journal ArticleDOI
01 Jun 1997
TL;DR: It is shown that by installing a number of redundant sensors on the Stewart platform, the system is able to perform self-calibration and the approach provides a tool for rapid and autonomous calibration of the parallel mechanism.
Abstract: Self-calibration has the potential of: 1) removing the dependence on any external pose sensing information; 2) producing high accuracy measurement data over the entire workspace of the system with an extremely fast measurement rate; 3) being automated and completely noninvasive; 4) facilitating on-line accuracy compensation; and 5) being cost effective. A general framework is introduced in this paper for the self-calibration of parallel manipulators. The concept of creating forward and inverse measurement residuals by exploring conflicting information provided with redundant sensing is proposed. Some of these ideas have been widely used for robot calibration when robot end-effector poses are available. By this treatment, many existing kinematic parameter estimation techniques can be applied for the self-calibration of parallel mechanisms. It is illustrated through a case study, i.e. calibration of the Stewart platform, that with this framework the design of a suitable self-calibration system and the formulation of the relevant mathematical model become more systematic. A few principles important to the system self-calibration are also demonstrated through the case study. It is shown that by installing a number of redundant sensors on the Stewart platform, the system is able to perform self-calibration. The approach provides a tool for rapid and autonomous calibration of the parallel mechanism.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Across the adolescent years, interdependence and perceived closeness shift from parents to peers, with patterns that differ somewhat for adolescents with and without a romantic partner.
Abstract: Adolescents' relationships with mothers, fathers, siblings, friends, and romantic partners are examined. Across the adolescent years, interdependence (operationalized in terms of social interaction, activities, and influence) and perceived closeness shift from parents to peers, with patterns that differ somewhat for adolescents with and without a romantic partner. The findings are discussed in the context of sodal exchange theory, which offers a descriptive account of developmental variations in adolescent close relationships.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, an accelerated failure time (AFT) model was used to investigate the effects of several characteristics suggested as indicators of firm survival for initial public offerings (IPOs) and found that the survival time for IPOs increases with size, age of the firm at the offering, initial return, IPO activity level in the market, and the percentage of insider ownership.
Abstract: We estimate an accelerated failure time (AFT) model to investigate the effects of several characteristics suggested as indicators of firm survival for initial public offerings (IPOs). The results indicate that the survival time for IPOs increases with size, age of the firm at the offering, the initial return, IPO activity level in the market, and the percentage of insider ownership, while the survival time decreases with increases in the general market level at the time of the offering and the number of risk characteristics. Additionally, the survival time is negatively affected if the IPO is in the computer and data, wholesale, restaurant, or airline industries and positively affected if the IPO is in the optical or drug industries.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The findings suggest that the mixed influence is the dominant influence factor in the diffusion of IS outsourcing, and that there is no evidence of the “Kodak effect” in the IS diffusion process.
Abstract: Information systems outsourcing is an increasingly popular IS management practice in companies of all sizes. Examining the adoption of IS outsourcing from the well-developed theoretical foundation of innovation diffusion may shed some light on significant factors that affect the adoption decision, and clarify some misperceptions. This study explores the sources of influence in the adoption of IS outsourcing. Using a sample of 175 firms that outsourced their IS functions during the period from January 1985 to January 1995, we tested three hypotheses of sources of influences using four diffusion models: internal influence, external influence, and two mixed influence models. Our findings suggest that the mixed influence is the dominant influence factor in the diffusion of IS outsourcing, and that there is no evidence of the “Kodak effect” in the IS diffusion process. This directly contradicts the conclusions of the Loh and Venkatraman 1992 study. Further discussions are provided about the potential problems in studies of influence sources of IT innovation diffusion.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A case study of neural-network modeling techniques developed for the EMERALD system, which modeled a subset of modules representing over seven million lines of code from a very large telecommunications software system and found the neural- network model had better predictive accuracy.
Abstract: Society relies on telecommunications to such an extent that telecommunications software must have high reliability. Enhanced measurement for early risk assessment of latent defects (EMERALD) is a joint project of Nortel and Bell Canada for improving the reliability of telecommunications software products. This paper reports a case study of neural-network modeling techniques developed for the EMERALD system. The resulting neural network is currently in the prototype testing phase at Nortel. Neural-network models can be used to identify fault-prone modules for extra attention early in development, and thus reduce the risk of operational problems with those modules. We modeled a subset of modules representing over seven million lines of code from a very large telecommunications software system. The set consisted of those modules reused with changes from the previous release. The dependent variable was membership in the class of fault-prone modules. The independent variables were principal components of nine measures of software design attributes. We compared the neural-network model with a nonparametric discriminant model and found the neural-network model had better predictive accuracy.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: There is no evidence of channel arrest in Carassius brain, and the probable result is that electrical activity in the brain is not suppressed but instead maintained at a level sufficient to regulate and control the locomotory and sensory activities of the anoxic carp.
Abstract: Anoxia-tolerant turtles and carp (Carassius) exhibit contrasting strategies for anoxic brain survival In the turtle brain, the energy consumption is deeply depressed to the extent of producing a comatose-like state Brain metabolic depression is brought about by activating channel arrest to reduce ion flux and through the release of inhibitory gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and the upregulation of GABAA receptors Key glycolytic enzymes are down-regulated during prolonged anoxia The result is a suppression of neurotransmission and a substantial depression in brain electrical activity By contrast, Carassius remain active during anoxia, though at a reduced level As in the turtle, there is an adenosine-mediated increase in brain blood flow but, in contrast to the turtle, this increase is sustained throughout the anoxic period Key glycolytic enzymes are up-regulated and anaerobic glycolysis is enhanced There is no evidence of channel arrest in Carassius brain The probable result is that electrical activity in the brain is not suppressed but instead maintained at a level sufficient to regulate and control the locomotory and sensory activities of the anoxic carp The key adaptations permitting the continued high level of glycolysis in Carassius are the production and excretion of ethanol as the glycolytic end-product, which avoids self-pollution by lactate produced during glycolysis that occurs in other vertebrates

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors identify cues to a long-term partner's sexual infidelity and emotional infidelity, including Anger and Argumentativeness, Exaggerated Affection, Sexual Boredom and Relationship Dissatisfaction.
Abstract: This research sought to identify cues to a long-term partner's sexual infidelity and emotional infidelity. In Study 1, 204 participants nominated acts that evoke suspicions of sexual or emotional infidelity. In Study 2, 230 participants evaluated these acts on how diagnostic each was of sexual and emotional infidelity. Factor analysis revealed 14 factors of cues, including Anger and Argumentativeness, Exaggerated Affection, Sexual Boredom, and Relationship Dissatisfaction. Twelve factors were differentially diagnostic of sexual versus emotional infidelity. Sexual Boredom, for example, was more diagnostic of sexual infidelity, whereas Relationship Dissatisfaction was more diagnostic of emotional infidelity. Men and women provided higher diagnosticity ratings for acts performed by an opposite-sex versus same-sex target. For ratings collapsed across sex of target, however, women provided higher diagnosticity ratings than did men. Discussion integrates results with previous research on infidelity and suggests...

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A developmental guide to close relationships is presented that describes relationship differences in organisational principles that encompass internal representations, social understanding, and interpersonal experiences that address permanence, power, and gender.
Abstract: A developmental guide to close relationships is presented. Parent-child, sibling, friend, and romantic relationships are described along dimensions that address permanence, power, and gender. These dimensions describe relationship differences in organisational principles that encompass internal representations, social understanding, and interpersonal experiences. The concept of domain specificity is borrowed from cognitive development to address the shifting developmental dynamics of close relationships. Distinct relationships are organised around distinct socialisation tasks, so each relationship requires its own organisational system. As a consequence, different principles guide different relationships, and these organisational principles change with development.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Variations suggest that multiple relationships may be involved in the development of autonomy and self-regulation during childhood and adolescence.
Abstract: Relational components of three attributes often regarded as individual variables (conflict, autonomy, and self-regulation) were examined in two studies. In Study 1, mothers and their 10-through 12-...

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors extended the concept of utilization deficiency to training studies and reviewed nearly 30 years of memory-training research, identifying three different types of utilization deficiencies and evaluated 39 different studies with 76 separate conditions for evidence of utilization defects.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Atlantic spotted dolphins were observed underwater and from the surface from 1985 to 1996 and photographed through successive years, with sex ratios close to parity and age of first parturition associated with the mottled color phase.
Abstract: Atlantic spotted dolphins (Stenella frontalis) were observed underwater and from the surface from 1985 to 1996 and photographed through successive years. Individuals were categorized into age classes by their degree of spotting and color phases. Dolphins spent an average of 3 yr in the two-tone color phase, 5 yr in the speckled phase, 7 yr in the mottled phase and up to 10 yr or more in the fused phase. Sex ratios were close to parity, with old adults skewed towards females and juveniles and young adults skewed towards males. The average calving interval for 24 females was 2.96 years with a range of 1–5 yr. Females whose calves survived the first year had a significantly longer calving interval (3.56 years). The ages of first parturition for five females were estimated to be 10–12 yr. The age at sexual maturation was estimated to range from 8 to 15 yr. Pregnancy rate fluctuated annually, with an average rate of 0.25 (range 0.07–0.57). Annual average birth rate was 0.08 (range 0.07–0.14), average calf production was 0.33 (range 0.06–0.52), average fecundity was 0.23 (range 0.13–0.30), and average recruitment was 0.06 (range 0.03–0.08). Most females who lost a calf conceived the same or following year. Lactation lasted up to 5 yr, and 45% of visibly pregnant females were also lactating. Age of first parturition was associated with the mottled color phase. Average first-year mortality rate of calves was 0.24.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The results underscore the salience of intimacy for peer relationships during the adolescent years and suggest that intimacy may be an important construct distinguishing between different types of close friendships.
Abstract: Two studies examined intimacy in adolescent friendships. In the first, 7th-, 9th-, and 11th-grade students completed a questionnaire assessing perceived friendship intimacy. Age and sex differences were identified in emotional closeness, self-disclosure, emphasis on individuality, control, and conformity. Across ages, emphasis on individuality increased, whereas control and conformity declined. There were no age differences in emotional closeness and self-disclosure. Females reported more emotional closeness and self-disclosure than males. In the second study, individual differences in friendship intimacy were examined in a sample of 9th-grade adolescents. A joint problem solving task identified interdependent and disengaged friends. Perceived intimacy among interdependent and disengaged friends was contrasted with that in a control group of subjects without friends. Adolescents with friends reported more closeness than those without friends. Interdependent friends reported greater levels of respect for individuality than disengaged friends. The results underscore the salience of intimacy for peer relationships during the adolescent years and suggest that intimacy may be an important construct distinguishing between different types of close friendships.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors measured thermal conductivity versus temperature and magnetic field for perovskite manganites that exhibit ferromagnetic (FM), charge-ordering (CO), antiferromagnetic, and structural phase transitions.
Abstract: Measurements of thermal conductivity versus temperature and magnetic field are reported for perovskite manganites that exhibit ferromagnetic (FM), charge-ordering (CO), antiferromagnetic, and/or structural phase transitions. The data reveal a dominant lattice contribution to the heat conductivity with $\ensuremath{\kappa}\ensuremath{\sim}1\ensuremath{-}2$ W/mK near room temperature. The rather low values, implying a phonon mean free path on the order of a lattice spacing, are shown to correlate with static local distortions of the ${\mathrm{MnO}}_{6}$ octahedra. Modifications of the local structure are responsible for abrupt anomalies in the zero-field \ensuremath{\kappa} at the FM, CO, and structural transitions, and for colossal magnetothermal resistance near the FM transition.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The rejection of root-initial gemination supports the psychological reality of the Obligatory Contour Principle, a pivotal constraint in autosegmental phonology, and Hebrew speakers' ratings reflect a phonological constraint on the location of geminates.

Proceedings ArticleDOI
06 Nov 1997
TL;DR: A simple and complete method to determine the needed rights for roles in a system by determining all of a role’s rights from the collection of all use cases for the system.


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the impact of actual boycotts and threats of boycott on the value of target firms was analyzed using the event study methodology, and the results showed that the market does not react differently to whether boycotts/threats are union sponsored or non-union sponsored.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is shown that after the bifurcation one generally observes on-off intermittency, a process in which the entire system evolves nearly synchronously (but chaotically) for long periods of time, which are interrupted by brief bursts away from synchrony.
Abstract: In this paper we consider the stability of synchronous chaos in lattices of coupled $N$-dimensional maps. For global coupling, we derive explicit conditions for computing the parameter values at which the synchronous chaotic attractor becomes unstable and bifurcates into asynchronous chaos. In particular, we show that after the bifurcation one generally observes on-off intermittency, a process in which the entire system evolves nearly synchronously (but chaotically) for long periods of time, which are interrupted by brief bursts away from synchrony. For nearest-neighbor coupled systems, however, we show that the stability of the synchronous chaotic state is a function of the system size. In particular, for large systems, we will not be able to observe synchronous chaos. We derive a condition relating the local map's largest Lyapunov exponent to the maximal system size under which one can still observe synchronous chaos and on-off intermittency. Other issues related to the characterization of on-off intermittent signals are also discussed.