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Institution

Ford Motor Company

CompanyDearborn, Michigan, United States
About: Ford Motor Company is a company organization based out in Dearborn, Michigan, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Internal combustion engine & Clutch. The organization has 36123 authors who have published 51450 publications receiving 855200 citations. The organization is also known as: Ford Motor & Ford Motor Corporation.


Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A theoretical study of two ultrasmall-capacitance normal tunnel junctions connected in series and driven by a dc voltage source, using the semiclassical junction approach shows that the two junctions in series display a voltage offset similar to that of a single junction that isdriven by a current source.
Abstract: We present a theoretical study of two ultrasmall-capacitance normal tunnel junctions connected in series and driven by a dc voltage source, using the semiclassical junction approach. We show that the two junctions in series display a voltage offset similar to that of a single junction that is driven by a current source. We also show that two junctions in series can, for the right set of parameters, produce an I-V curve with distinct steps. A parallel array of such series units shows similar behavior. We suggest specific experimental realizations of two junctions in series and the parallel array using a scanning tunneling microscope and a granular array of small metal drops. We also compare our predictions with experiments in the literature.

156 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, defect ordering in cubic-stabilized zirconia was studied using gradient corrected density-functional calculations, and the crystal structure of the experimentally identified, ordered compound was established.
Abstract: Defect ordering in aliovalently doped cubic-stabilized zirconia is studied using gradient corrected density-functional calculations. Intra- and intersublattice ordering interactions are investigated for both cation (Zr and dopant ions) and anion (oxygen ions and vacancies) species. For yttria-stabilized zirconia, the crystal structure of the experimentally identified, ordered compound $\ensuremath{\delta}\ensuremath{-}{\mathrm{Zr}}_{3}{\mathrm{Y}}_{4}{\mathrm{O}}_{12}$ is established, and we predict metastable zirconia-rich ordered phases. Anion vacancies repel each other at short separations, but show an energetic tendency to align as third-nearest neighbors along $〈111〉$ directions. Calculations with divalent (Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba) and trivalent (Y, Sc, B, Al, Ga, In) oxides show that anion vacancies prefer to be close to the smaller of the cations (Zr or dopant ion). When the dopant cation is close in size to Zr, the vacancies show no particular preference, and are thus less prone to be bound preferentially to any particular cation type when the vacancies traverse such oxides. This ordering tendency offers insight into the observed high conductivity of ${\mathrm{Y}}_{2}{\mathrm{O}}_{3}\ensuremath{-}$ and ${\mathrm{Sc}}_{2}{\mathrm{O}}_{3}$-stabilized zirconia, as well as recent results using, e.g., lanthanide oxides. The calculations point to ${\mathrm{In}}_{2}{\mathrm{O}}_{3}$ as a particularly promising stabilizer for high ionic conductivity. Thus we are able to directly link (thermodynamic) defect ordering to (kinetic) ionic conductivity in cubic-stabilized zirconia using first-principles atomistic calculations.

156 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The magnetic behavior of iron aluminum alloys has been determined for compositions from 0 to 40 atomic percent aluminum in external fields to 12 kilo-oersteds from 4\ifmmode^\circ\else\text degree\fi{}K to 300\ifmode^''circ\ else\textdegree\fi {}K.
Abstract: The magnetic behavior of iron aluminum alloys has been determined for compositions from 0 to 40 atomic percent aluminum in external fields to 12 kilo-oersteds from 4\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}K to 300\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}K. The alloys above 33 atomic percent exhibit antiferromagnetism. Those below 28 atomic percent are ferromagnetic. Between 28 and 33 atomic percent, the behavior is ferromagnetic at room temperature but shows a transition to antiferromagnetism on lowering the temperature. The effect of order on the magnetic properties has also been investigated. Antiferromagnetism is found only in the ordered structures.

156 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: IL‐6, an upstream inflammatory marker, was independently associated with the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events, cardiovascular and all‐cause mortality, myocardial infarction, heart failure, and cancer mortality in patients with stable coronary heart disease.
Abstract: BackgroundEvaluation of cardiovascular prognosis in patients with stable coronary heart disease is based on clinical characteristics and biomarkers indicating dysglycemia, dyslipidemia, renal dysfu...

156 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, mass measurements, size distributions, and the transient response of tailpipe particulate emissions from 21 recent model gasoline vehicles were made for the FTP drive cycle and limited ECE test using a scanning mobility particle sizer and an electrical low-pressure impactor.
Abstract: This paper reports mass measurements, size distributions, and the transient response of tailpipe particulate emissions from 21 recent model gasoline vehicles Transient measurement are made for the FTP drive cycle (and limited ECE test) using a scanning mobility particle sizer and an electrical low-pressure impactor The particles emitted in vehicle exhaust have diameters in the 10-300 nm diameter range, with a mean diameter of about 60 nm Particle emissions during the drive cycles occur as narrow peaks that correlate with vehicle acceleration Cold start emissions generally outweight those from a hot start by more than a factor of 3 Particulate mass deduced from the transient distributions agrees semiquantitatively with gravimetric measurements Tailpipe particulate emissions from the recent model gasoline vehicles tested are very low, with mass emission rated ranging downward from 7 mg/mi for a light-duty truck druing the cold start phase of the FTP drive cycle to less than or equal to 01 mg/mi during phase 2 for nearly half of the test vehicles Three high-mileage (greater than 100 K mi) test vehicles exhibited similarly low particulate emission rates The FTP-weighted 3-bag average is under 2 mg/mi for all the conventional gasoline vehicles tested (A)

156 citations


Authors

Showing all 36140 results

NameH-indexPapersCitations
Anil K. Jain1831016192151
Markus Antonietti1761068127235
Christopher M. Dobson1501008105475
Jack Hirsh14673486332
Galen D. Stucky144958101796
Federico Capasso134118976957
Peter Stone130122979713
Gerald R. Crabtree12837160973
Douglas A. Lauffenburger12270555326
Abass Alavi113129856672
Mark E. Davis11356855334
Keith Beven11051461705
Naomi Breslau10725442029
Fei Wang107182453587
Jun Yang107209055257
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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers from the Institution in previous years
YearPapers
202237
2021766
20201,397
20192,195
20181,945
20171,995