Ford Motor Company

About: Ford Motor Company is a company organization based out in Dearborn, Michigan, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Internal combustion engine & Clutch. The organization has 36123 authors who have published 51450 publications receiving 855200 citations. The organization is also known as: Ford Motor & Ford Motor Corporation.

Internal Magnetic Fields, Isomer Shifts, and Relative Abundances of the Various Fe Sites in FeSi Alloys

Abstract: The "M\"ossbauer" technique was used to measure the internal magnetic fields and isomer shifts of ${\mathrm{Fe}}^{57}$ atoms residing at various sites in the FeSi series. The relative abundances of the various sites present in a given alloy were obtained by measuring the relative intensities of the components in the resolved spectrum of the alloy. Alloys with Si content varying from 0 to \ensuremath{\sim}27 at.% were studied. In the disordered region (10 at.% Si) three different type sites were observed. These corresponded to Fe atoms having 8, 7, and 6 nearest-neighbor Fe atoms. The internal field decreased by $0.08 {H}_{\mathrm{Fe}}$ for each Si nearest neighbor. In the ordered region the alloys try to go into a ${\mathrm{Fe}}_{3}$Al type structure. Sites having 8 through 3 nearest-neighbor iron atoms were observed. For $A$-type sites (4 nearest-neighbor Fe atoms and 4 nearest-neighbor Si atoms at 25 at.% Si), the internal field decreased by $0.14 {H}_{\mathrm{Fe}}$ for each Si nearest neighbor. Over the whole series the isomer shift indicated that there was progressively less electronic charge density at the origin as the number of nearest-neighbor Si atoms increased. A measure of the relative intensities of the various magnetic field components in the spectra of an alloy series is shown to give direct evidence on the type of ordering. No tendency to form intermediate compounds other than ${\mathrm{Fe}}_{3}$Si was observed. An average internal magnetic field for each alloy could be obtained from the data. This average internal field does not vary in the same way as the magnetization on the FeSi series.

Kinetic spray coatings

Abstract: Coatings have been produced by entraining metal powders in an air flow which is accelerated by a de Laval type of nozzle. The particles are not melted or thermally softened prior to impingement onto the substrate. The coating process depends primarily on the kinetic energy of the incident powders. The coatings have low oxide content and low thermal stress, and can exhibit relatively low porosity and high adhesion. The mechanism by which the coatings are formed is not well understood, and it is the goal of this work to provide some insights into this mechanism. We have produced a new high-velocity spray apparatus which allows the spray parameters to be controlled and monitored for the first time. This, together with our simulations of air and particle velocities and temperatures, has provided new information on the coating process. Al, Cu, and Fe powders were sprayed onto Al, brass, Cu, and steel substrates. A threshold behavior was observed for coating deposition as a function of nozzle inlet air temperature, with a roughly linear behavior above the threshold. Results are obtained as a function of nozzle inlet air pressure and temperature, powder feed rate, and nozzle–substrate stand-off distance. The effect of the choice of substrate metal was relatively weak in our experiments. Results seem consistent with necessary inelastic processes such as plastic deformation and/or partial melting of the powder particles upon collision with the substrate. More research is needed to define the relative importance of these phenomena or of other possible mechanisms.

Ultrastructural and light microscopic evidence of apoptosis after middle cerebral artery occlusion in the rat.

Abstract: Brains from eight rats subjected to transient focal ischemia (2 hours) and reperfusion (22 hours) revealed an ultrastructural appearance of apoptosis and light microscopic features of cells exhibiting DNA fragmentation. The number of cells exhibiting DNA fragmentation was significantly higher (P < 0.01) in the ipsilateral hemisphere (216 +/- 43 per section) than in the contralateral hemisphere and in normal (n = 4) and sham operated (n = 4) rats (0 to 3 positive cells per section in controls). Cells exhibiting DNA fragmentation were primarily located in the inner boundary zone to the infarct. Cells exhibiting DNA fragmentation provided morphological information of apoptosis. Apoptosis may contribute to the development of infarct after transient focal cerebral ischemia.