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Institution

Ford Motor Company

CompanyDearborn, Michigan, United States
About: Ford Motor Company is a company organization based out in Dearborn, Michigan, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Internal combustion engine & Clutch. The organization has 36123 authors who have published 51450 publications receiving 855200 citations. The organization is also known as: Ford Motor & Ford Motor Corporation.


Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the static and dynamic behavior of weakly connected superconducting rings was investigated using an experimental and phenomenological approach, where a point contact was used as a weak link to determine the critical supercurrent in the ring.
Abstract: This paper reports the results of an experimental and phenomenological investigation of the static and dynamic behavior of weakly connected superconducting rings. The configuration is essentially a macroscopic superconducting ring of inductance $L$ incorporating a point contact as a weak link which determines the critical supercurrent in the ring, ${i}_{c}$. A phenomenological model for the stationary quantum states of the system as a function of an applied field is developed. The dynamic behavior is obtained directly from the time dependence of the applied fields. Experiments demonstrating both the stationary and the time-dependent magnetic behavior are described. The stationary behavior was obtained with a magnetometer incorporating a weakly connected ring as a sensor to measure the flux through the ring under test. The experimental results confirm the phenomenological model if the critical curr\`ent ${i}_{c}$ is greater than $\frac{{\ensuremath{\Phi}}_{0}}{2L(1+\ensuremath{\gamma})}$, where ${\ensuremath{\Phi}}_{0}=\frac{h}{2e}$ is the flux quantum and $\ensuremath{\gamma}$ is a material and geometric parameter which is usually small compared to unity. In the regime $L{i}_{c}g\frac{{\ensuremath{\Phi}}_{0}}{2(1+\ensuremath{\gamma})}$, the quantum states are discrete, and the transitions between states are well defined and irreversible. If the critical current is not too large, the transitions generally occur only between adjacent states; that is, $\ensuremath{\Delta}k=\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}1$. At large critical current, multiple quantum jumps are observed. On the other hand, if $L{i}_{c}l\frac{{\ensuremath{\Phi}}_{0}}{2(1+\ensuremath{\gamma})}$, the quantum states merge into one another continuously and reversibly. In this case the magnetic behavior inthe neighborhood of the half-quantum points is related to the depairing or gapless regime in superconductivity. Measurements of the ac properties of the weakly connected ring at 30 MHz are interpreted directly in terms of the static properties under the influence of a time-varying applied field. In fact, no qualitative corrections to the theory are expected up to frequencies of the order of the superconducting energy gap.

255 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In fatigue of human compact bone, the principal mechanisms of matrix failure are strongly dependent on local strain type, including linear microcrack, diffuse damage foci, and tearing‐type damage.

255 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Successful suppression of hard copper dendrites by the composite ion conductor at extreme discharge conditions is demonstrated, thereby providing a new approach for the materials engineering of solid ion conductors.
Abstract: Dendrite growth threatens the safety of batteries by piercing the ion-transporting separators between the cathode and anode. Finding a dendrite-suppressing material that combines high modulus and high ionic conductance has long been considered a major technological and materials science challenge. Here we demonstrate that these properties can be attained in a composite made from Kevlar-derived aramid nanofibres assembled in a layer-by-layer manner with poly(ethylene oxide). Importantly, the porosity of the membranes is smaller than the growth area of the dendrites so that aramid nanofibres eliminate 'weak links' where the dendrites pierce the membranes. The aramid nanofibre network suppresses poly(ethylene oxide) crystallization detrimental for ion transport, giving a composite that exhibits high modulus, ionic conductivity, flexibility, ion flux rates and thermal stability. Successful suppression of hard copper dendrites by the composite ion conductor at extreme discharge conditions is demonstrated, thereby providing a new approach for the materials engineering of solid ion conductors.

254 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Mental stress-induced myocardial ischemia is associated with a significant increase in systemic vascular resistance and a relatively minor increase in heart rate and rate-pressure product compared with ischemIA induced by exercise.
Abstract: Background The pathophysiology of mental stress–induced myocardial ischemia, which occurs at lower heart rates than during physical stress, is not well understood. Methods and Results The Psychophy...

253 citations

Proceedings ArticleDOI
08 Jul 1991
TL;DR: These studies demonstrate that the judicious grouping of weights along with the use of artificial process noise in DEKF result in input-output mapping performance that is comparable to the global extended Kalman algorithm, and is often superior to SBP, while requiring significantly fewer presentations of training data than SBP and less overall training time than either of these procedures.
Abstract: Presents a training algorithm for feedforward layered networks based on a decoupled extended Kalman filter (DEKF). The authors present an artificial process noise extension to DEKF that increases its convergence rate and assists in the avoidance of local minima. Computationally efficient formulations for two particularly natural and useful cases of DEKF are given. Through a series of pattern classification and function approximation experiments, three members of DEKF are compared with one another and with standard backpropagation (SBP). These studies demonstrate that the judicious grouping of weights along with the use of artificial process noise in DEKF result in input-output mapping performance that is comparable to the global extended Kalman algorithm, and is often superior to SBP, while requiring significantly fewer presentations of training data than SBP and less overall training time than either of these procedures. >

251 citations


Authors

Showing all 36140 results

NameH-indexPapersCitations
Anil K. Jain1831016192151
Markus Antonietti1761068127235
Christopher M. Dobson1501008105475
Jack Hirsh14673486332
Galen D. Stucky144958101796
Federico Capasso134118976957
Peter Stone130122979713
Gerald R. Crabtree12837160973
Douglas A. Lauffenburger12270555326
Abass Alavi113129856672
Mark E. Davis11356855334
Keith Beven11051461705
Naomi Breslau10725442029
Fei Wang107182453587
Jun Yang107209055257
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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers from the Institution in previous years
YearPapers
202237
2021766
20201,397
20192,195
20181,945
20171,995