Ford Motor Company

About: Ford Motor Company is a company organization based out in Dearborn, Michigan, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Internal combustion engine & Clutch. The organization has 36123 authors who have published 51450 publications receiving 855200 citations. The organization is also known as: Ford Motor & Ford Motor Corporation.

Trouble sleeping and anxiety/depression in childhood.

Abstract: The purpose of this report was to estimate the association between children's trouble sleeping and anxiety/depression at ages 6 and 11, cross-sectionally and prospectively. Data come from a study of the psychiatric sequelae of low birth weight (LBW: <2500 g). LBW and normal birth weight children were randomly selected from the 1983-1985 newborn lists of an urban and a suburban hospital. Eight hundred and twenty-three children participated at age 6 and, of those, 717 (87.1%) participated at age 11. Achenbach's Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) and the Teacher Report Form (TRF) were used to obtain ratings of psychiatric problems. The CBCL asked if the child had trouble sleeping during the past 6 months. Children with trouble sleeping had significantly increased odds of anxiety/depression based on mothers' reports (OR=6.9, 95% CI 4.1-11. 4) but not teachers' reports (OR=1.1, 95% CI 0.4-2.7). There was a greater association between sleep and depression at age 11 than at age 6, and among suburban than among urban children. These findings remained when adjusted for birthweight, sex, and mother's history of major depressive disorder. Profile analysis indicated a stronger association of trouble sleeping with anxiety/depression than other psychiatric problems. The association of trouble sleeping at age 6 with incidence of depression at age 11 was not statistically significant (suburban children RR=2.22, 95% CI 0.53-9.23; urban children RR=0.92, 95% CI 0.20-4.18).

Effects of long-term monotherapy with enalapril, metoprolol, and digoxin on the progression of left ventricular dysfunction and dilation in dogs with reduced ejection fraction.

Abstract: BACKGROUNDRecent clinical trials have suggested that therapy with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors in asymptomatic patients with reduced left ventricular (LV) function can significantly reduce the incidence of congestive heart failure compared with patients receiving placebo. In the present study, we examined the effects of long-term monotherapy with enalapril, metoprolol, and digoxin on the progression of LV systolic dysfunction and LV chamber enlargement in dogs with reduced LV ejection fraction (EF).METHODS AND RESULTSLV dysfunction was produced in 28 dogs by multiple sequential intracoronary microembolizations. Embolizations were discontinued when LVEF was 30% to 40%. Three weeks after the last embolization, dogs were randomized to 3 months of oral therapy with enalapril (10 mg twice daily, n = 7), metoprolol (25 mg twice daily, n = 7), digoxin (0.25 mg once daily, n = 7), or no treatment (control, n = 7). As expected, in untreated dogs, LVEF decreased (36 +/- 1% versus 26 +/- 1%, P < .001) an...

Particulate Matter Associated with Vehicles on the Road

Abstract: Experiments at the Allegheny and Tuscarora Mountain Tunnels of the Pennsylvania Turnpike in 1975–1979 have resulted in a comprehensive description of the airborne particulate matter associated with highway traffic. Because of strong variations of traffic composition with time, emission rates of most species were resolvable into emission rates for each of the two vehicle categories: gasoline-powered vehicles and heavy-duty diesels. Thirty-four elements were identified, accounting for all of the vehicle-derived airborne particulate mass. The principal component was carbon (elemental and organic) from exhausts of heavy-duty diesels, which comprised on the average 10%–15% of the traffic. Per vehicle-kilometer, diesels were the preponderant source of most of the other species as well. Other emissions resulted from oxidation of diesel-fuel sulfur to H2SO4 (5% of the particulate mass total for traffic overall), inorganic additives and adventitious components of fuels and motor oils (10% of the overall mass total...

Integrated computational materials engineering: A new paradigm for the global materials profession

Abstract: Integrated computational materials engineering is a field of study whose time has come. It promises to link manufacturing and design via advanced materials models in a seamless, integrated computational environment. The feasibility of ICME and its benefits have been demonstrated by several projects that have developed methods which are in use in the aerospace and automotive industries. To fully realize the potential of ICME, anumber of technical, cultural, and organizational challenges have been identified and must be overcome.

Optical Absorption in an Electric Field

Abstract: The effect of an external electric field on the optical absorption associated with a direct transition between bands is studied. Expressions are given for the absorption constant for photon energies below and above the band gap. The formation of discrete levels in the presence of the electric field produces oscillations in the absorption.