Forest Research Institute

About: Forest Research Institute is a facility organization based out in Dehra Dūn, India. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Forest management. The organization has 5320 authors who have published 7625 publications receiving 185876 citations.

Levomilnacipran ER 40 mg and 80 mg in patients with major depressive disorder: a phase III, randomized, double-blind, fixed-dose, placebo-controlled study.

Abstract: Background Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a global health concern. This study examined the efficacy, safety and tolerability of an extended-release (ER) formulation of levomilnacipran, an antidepressant approved for the treatment of MDD in adults.

Fungi associated with ambrosia beetles in Great Britain

Abstract: Summary The fungi associated with the ambrosia beetles infesting dead and standing trees and logs in Britain have been isolated. Ceratocystis piceae (Munch) Bakshi, Leptographium lundbergii Lagerberg and Melin and Oedocephalum lineatum n.sp. were constantly isolated from the gallery of Trypodendron lineatum infesting conifers in different localities in Scotland. Ceratocystis ambrosia n.sp. was isolated from the tunnels of Trypodendron domesticum infesting birch. The behaviour of the ambrosia beetles inside the wood has been studied and the appearance of the beetle tunnels and the fungi growing in them are described both on agar and on various species of coniferous wood. Leptographium lundbergii is recorded in Britain for the first time. It has been found to be a strong blueing agent on various coniferous timber, whereas Ceratocystis piceae has a weak capacity for blueing wood. The ambrosia beetles are believed to cultivate different but specific fungi in their galleries. The symbiotic relation between the ambrosia beetles and their associated fungi is discussed. The beetles help the fungi in their dissemination and thus open up new and suitable substrata for them. The fungi, in their turn, serve as food for the beetles. Though no feeding experiments were performed, it is assumed that the fungi, isolated from the beetle galleries, are ‘ambrosia’ in the true sense since they were isolated constantly from the beetle tunnels under pure conditions from different localities.

Temporal development of ash dieback symptoms and spatial distribution of collar rots in a provenance trial of Fraxinus excelsior

Abstract: European ash (Fraxinus excelsior) is threatened by Hymenoscyphus pseudoalbidus, the agent of ash dieback disease. Beside ordinary ash dieback symptoms, collar rots have been reported on declining ashes as an additional problem of increasing severity. Since 2009, ash dieback has been surveyed annually in a provenance trial on four different sites in southwest Germany (Metzler et al. in Ger J For Res 183:168–180, 2012). The trial was established in 2005. Data of tree growth, ash dieback symptoms and collar rot prevalence were collected by surveying the trial in summer 2012 and compared with previously published data of the trial. Evaluations revealed a continuous and considerable increase in dieback severity since 2009. The results suggest that the infection process has not come to a standstill yet. Up to 2012, 6 % of the trees remained symptomless, whereas mortality added up to 9 %. There were significant differences in ash dieback severity between the investigated provenances. Collar rot prevalence ranged from 19 to 59 % between study sites. Moreover, high spatial dependency of collar rot prevalence could be detected within sites. Collar rots were more abundant on trees of severe ash dieback intensity, but could also be detected on 15 % of otherwise healthy trees. Mycelium from collar rots could be identified by means of RFLP analyses and sequencing of the ITS region as most likely belonging to Armillaria gallica. The possible roles of Armillaria spp. and H. pseudoalbidus in collar rot formation are discussed.

Agrobacterium- mediated transformation of Pinus radiata organogenic tissue using vacuum-infiltration

Abstract: An Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation protocol was developed for detached cotyledons of Pinus radiata zygotic embryos resulting in up to 55% of cotyledons transiently expressing the reporter gene uidA Transient expression of uidA was improved when detached cotyledons were pre-cultured on half strength medium containing cytokinin for 7 days, wounded by vortexing and then vacuum-infiltrated in a solution of A tumefaciens The transformation protocol was applied both to cotyledons and also to the apical meristematic dome which was the portion of the embryo remaining after cotyledons were detached, and from which the apical shoot and axillary shoots regenerate Molecular analysis of putatively transformed shoots regenerated either adventitiously from cotyledons or via axillary shoots from apical domes, indicated the presence of uidA and nptII genes by PCR in some of these shoots Biochemical analysis of putatively transformed shoots using nptII ELISA indicated that they contained the nptII enzyme However, Southern hybridisation indicated stable integration of nptII only in one shoot which was regenerated from an apical dome Shoots regenerated from cotyledons appeared to exhibit chimeric expression and were not stably transformed Based on a comparison of time for regeneration, technical difficulty, molecular and biochemical analysis, apical domes may be more suitable as explants for transformation and subsequent regeneration of transclones than detached cotyledons