Institution
Forest Research Institute
Facility•Dehra Dūn, India•
About: Forest Research Institute is a facility organization based out in Dehra Dūn, India. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Forest management. The organization has 5320 authors who have published 7625 publications receiving 185876 citations.
Topics: Population, Forest management, Picea abies, Forest ecology, Scots pine
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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TL;DR: TIE improved obesity-related parameters in blood, liver, and adipose tissue in a rat model and suppressed obesity induced by a high-fat diet, possibly by regulating lipid metabolism and lowering plasma leptin and FAS levels.
Abstract: Obesity and overweight are associated with atherosclerosis, fatty liver, hyperlipemia, diabetes mellitus, and various types of cancer. The global prevalence of overweight and obesity has reached epidemic proportions. Here, we investigated the effect of Tamarindus indica pulp aqueous extract (TIE) in diet-induced obese Sprague–Dawley rats. The animals were divided into five groups and labeled as follows: the normal control (NC) group received normal diet; the positive control (PC) group received high-fat diet; and the TIE 5, 25, and 50 groups, after the induction of obesity via a high-fat diet, received TIE at 5, 25, or 50 mg/kg orally for 10 weeks. It was observed that TIE decreased the levels of plasma total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and triglyceride, and increased high-density lipoprotein (HDL), with the concomitant reduction of body weight. Moreover, TIE decreased plasma leptin and reduced fatty acid synthase (FAS) activity and enhanced the efficiency of the antioxidant defense system. TIE exhibits antiobesity effects, as indicated by a significant reduction in adipose tissue weights, as well as lowering the degree of hepatic steatosis in the obesity-induced rats. The extract possesses hepatoprotective activity, as it reversed the plasma liver enzymes level elevation prior to the high-fat diet. In conclusion, TIE improved obesity-related parameters in blood, liver, and adipose tissue in a rat model and suppressed obesity induced by a high-fat diet, possibly by regulating lipid metabolism and lowering plasma leptin and FAS levels. A dose-dependant effect of TIE is detected, where TIE at 50 mg/kg showed the most prominent effect, followed by TIE at 25 mg/kg and, subsequently, 5 mg/kg.
58 citations
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TL;DR: Bioassays of selected fatty and resin acids using Dothistroma pini as test organism have shown that a long chain fatty acid, ω-hydroxy fatty acids and oxidized resin acids are highly fungistatic, suggesting that these compounds could be preinfectional factors contributing to resistance of mature P. radiata trees.
Abstract: Bioassays of selected fatty and resin acids using Dothistroma pini as test organism have shown that a long chain fatty acid (stearic), ω-hydroxy fatty acids and oxidized resin acids (7-keto, 7-hydroxy dehydroabietic acid, 13-hydroxypodocarpa-8,11,13-trien-18-oic acid) are highly fungistatic. The compounds inhibited both D. pini spore germination, and mycelial growth in vitro. Dehydroabietic acid had no effect on the fungus. The effect of the compounds on D. pini in vivo was studied by artificial inoculation in growth cabinets of P. radiata rooted cuttings whose foliage had been spray-extracted with acetone, and thereby depleted of epicuticular and stomatal pore fatty and resin acids. The mean infection level recorded for acetone-treated plants was ca. twice that of control plants, suggesting that these compounds could be preinfectional factors contributing to resistance of mature P. radiata trees.
58 citations
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TL;DR: The frequency and impact of exacerbations identified using healthcare resource utilisation (HCRU) or the EXAcerbations of Chronic pulmonary disease Tool (EXACT) were compared prospectively in a 24-week trial (ATTAIN).
Abstract: The frequency and impact of exacerbations identified using healthcare resource utilisation (HCRU) or the EXAcerbations of Chronic pulmonary disease Tool (EXACT) were compared prospectively in a 24-week, phase III trial (ATTAIN). Patients with moderate-to-severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease received twice-daily aclidinium 200 μg, aclidinium 400 μg or placebo. All HCRU events were reported to physicians. "EXACT-identified" events were categorised as "EXACT-reported" (detected by EXACT and reported to the physician) and "EXACT-unreported" (detected but not reported). Health status was measured using the St George's Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ). Annualised EXACT-identified event rates were higher in all study arms (placebo 1.39, aclidinium 200 μg 1.00 and aclidinium 400 μg 0.98 per patient per year) versus HCRU (placebo 0.60, aclidinium 200 μg 0.43 and aclidinium 400 μg 0.40 per patient per year). Concordance between methods was low (kappa 0.16). Aclidinium reduced EXACT-identified events (rate ratio versus placebo: aclidinium 200 μg 0.72 and aclidinium 400 μg 0.71; both p<0.05); HCRU events were similarly reduced. At week 24, SGRQ scores improved (-6.6 versus baseline) in patients with no event during weeks 1-12; improvements were significantly smaller in patients with HCRU events (-3.4; p=0.036) or EXACT-unreported events (-3.0; p=0.002). Unreported events were more frequent than reported events. Both had similar negative impact on health status. Aclidinium reduced the frequency of both types of event.
58 citations
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TL;DR: The results indicate that the controlled production of GAs through a tissue-specific promoter can be utilized as an efficient biotechnological tool for producing enhanced plant biomass, minimizing unwanted effects.
Abstract: Woody biomass has gained popularity as an environmentally friendly, renewable and sustainable resource for liquid fuel production. Here, we demonstrate biotechnological improvement of the quantity and quality of woody biomass by employing developing xylem (DX)-preferential production of gibberellin (GA), a phytohormone that positively regulates stem growth. First, for the proof of concept experiment, we produced transgenic Arabidopsis plants expressing GA20-oxidase, a key enzyme in the production of bioactive GAs, from Pinus densiflora (PdGA20ox1) under the control of either a constitutive 35S promoter, designated 35S::PdGA20ox1, or a DX-specific promoter (originated from poplar), designated DX15::PdGA20ox1. As we hypothesized, both transgenic Arabidopsis plants (35S::PdGA20ox1 and DX15::PdGA20ox1) exhibited an accelerated stem growth that resulted in a large increase of biomass, up to 300% compared to wild-type control plants, together with increased secondary wall thickening and elongation of fibre cells. Next, we applied our concept to the production of transgenic poplar trees. Both transgenic poplar trees (35S::PdGA20ox1 and DX15::PdGA20ox1) showed dramatic increases in biomass, up to 300%, with accelerated stem growth and xylem differentiation. Cell wall monosaccharide composition analysis revealed that in both Arabidopsis and poplar, glucose and xylose contents were significantly increased. However, undesirable phenotypes of 35S::PdGA20ox1 poplar, including poor root growth and leaf development, were found. Interestingly, DX15::PdGA20ox1 poplar resulted in a reduction of undesirable phenotypes. Our results indicate that the controlled production of GAs through a tissue-specific promoter can be utilized as an efficient biotechnological tool for producing enhanced plant biomass, minimizing unwanted effects.
57 citations
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TL;DR: Harmonised sampling and virus detection procedures including bioassays and serological and molecular methods were employed by 21 research institutions to detect PMTV in potato tubers and soil samples in 2005‐2008.
Abstract: Potato mop-top virus (PMTV; genus Pomovirus; family Virgaviridae) is transmitted bythesoil-borneSpongosporasubterraneaf.sp.subterranea,aprotoctistthatcauses powdery scab on potato. PMTV is distributed widely in the potato growing areas in South and North America, Japan and northwestern Europe. This article reviews the current knowledge on detection, distribution and control of PMTV with focus on the Baltic Sea region. Since the 1980s, PMTV has caused great economic losses to potato production in the Nordic countries (Norway, Sweden, Denmark and Finland), but its occurrence in other countries of the Baltic Sea region remained unknown. To fill this knowledge gap, harmonised sampling and virus detection procedures including bioassays and serological and molecular methods were employed by 21 research institutions to detect PMTV in potato tubers and soil samples in 2005‐2008. Potato growing areas were widely contaminated with PMTV in the Nordic countries. Only the main seed potato production area in northern Sweden and the High Grade seed potato production zone in Finland were negative for PMTV. Intensive and
57 citations
Authors
Showing all 5332 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Kari Alitalo | 174 | 817 | 114231 |
Jaakko Kaprio | 163 | 1532 | 126320 |
Glenn D. Prestwich | 88 | 690 | 42758 |
John K. Volkman | 78 | 212 | 21931 |
Petri T. Kovanen | 77 | 432 | 27171 |
Hailong Wang | 69 | 647 | 19652 |
Mika Ala-Korpela | 65 | 319 | 18048 |
Heikki Henttonen | 64 | 271 | 14536 |
Zhihong Xu | 57 | 438 | 11832 |
Kari Pulkki | 54 | 215 | 11166 |
Louis A. Schipper | 53 | 192 | 9224 |
Sang Young Lee | 53 | 271 | 9917 |
Young-Joon Ahn | 52 | 288 | 9121 |
Venkatesh Narayanamurti | 49 | 258 | 9399 |
Francis M. Kelliher | 49 | 124 | 8599 |