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Institution

Forest Research Institute

FacilityDehra Dūn, India
About: Forest Research Institute is a facility organization based out in Dehra Dūn, India. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Forest management. The organization has 5320 authors who have published 7625 publications receiving 185876 citations.


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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The NITREX project as mentioned in this paper investigated the effect of atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition in coniferous forests and found that the status and dynamics of the forest floor are key components in determining the response of forests to altered N inputs.
Abstract: The NITREX project, which encompasses seven ecosystem-scale experiments in coniferous forests at the plot or catchment level in northwestern Europe, investigates the effect of atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition in coniferous forests. The common factor in all of the experiments is the experimentally controlled change in N input over a period of 4–5 years. Results indicate that the status and dynamics of the forest floor are key components in determining the response of forests to altered N inputs. An empirical relationship between the carbon–nitrogen (C/N) ratio of the forest floor and retention of incoming N provides a simply measured tool through which the likely timing and consequences of changes in atmospheric N deposition for fresh waters may be predicted. In the terrestrial ecosystem, a 50% increase in tree growth is observed following the experimental reduction of N and sulfur inputs in a highly N-saturated site, illustrating the damaging effects of acidifying pollutants to tree health in some locations. Few biotic responses to the experimental treatments were observed in other NITREX sites, but the rapid response of water quality to changes in N deposition, and the link to acidification in sensitive areas, highlight the need for N-emission controls, irrespective of the long-term effects on tree health. The observed changes in ecosystem function in response to the experimental treatments have been considered within the framework of the current critical-load approach and thus contribute to the formulation of environmental policy.

173 citations

Journal Article
TL;DR: The essential oils described herein merit further study as potential nematicides against the pinewood nematode.
Abstract: Commercial plant essential oils from 26 plant species were tested for their nematicidal activities against the pinewood nematode, Bursaphelenchus xylophilus. Good nematicidal activity against B. xylophilus was achieved with essential oils of ajowan (Trachyspermum ammi), allspice (Pimenta dioica) and litsea (Litsea cubeba). Analysis by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry led to identification of 12, 6 and 16 major compounds from ajowan, allspice and litsea oils, respectively. These compounds from three plant essential oils were tested individually for their nematicidal activities against the pinewood nematode. LC50 values of geranial, isoeugenol, methyl isoeugenol, eugenol, methyl eugenol and neral against pine wood nematodes were 0.120, 0.200, 0.210, 0.480, 0.517 and 0.525 mg/ml, respectively. The essential oils described herein merit further study as potential nematicides against the pinewood nematode.

172 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: High percentage of heritability coupled with moderate intensity of genetic gain, was observed for seed germination traits, which signifies that germination is under strong genetic control and good amount of heritable additive genetic component can be exploited for improvement of this species.
Abstract: The aim of the study was to determine source variation in Jatropha curcas seeds collected from ten locations in Central India. A significant seed source variation was observed in seed morphology (colour, size and weight), seed germination (viability, germination percent, germination energy, germination value) and seedling growth parameters (survival percentage, seedling height, collar diameter, leave/plant, and seedling biomass). The seed source of Chhindwara (M.P.) was found as the best source in comparison to others. The phenotypic and genotypic variance, their coefficient of variability and broad sense heritability also showed a sizeable variability. This offers a breeder ample scope to undertake screening and selection of seed sources for the desired traits. Further, high percentage of heritability coupled with moderate intensity of genetic gain, was observed for seed germination traits, which signifies that germination is under strong genetic control and good amount of heritable additive genetic component can be exploited for improvement of this species.

172 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The biological ingredients of leaf essential oil, leaf oil as a natural medicine, and pharmacological and toxicological values of the leaf oil of different Eucalyptus species worldwide are congregated.
Abstract: The genus Eucalyptus L'Heritier comprises about 900 species, of which more than 300 species contain volatile essential oil in their leaves. About 20 species, within these, have a high content of 1,8-cineole (more than 70%), commercially used for the production of essential oils in the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. However, Eucalyptus is extensively planted for pulp, plywood and solid wood production, but its leaf aromatic oil has astounding widespread biological activities, including antimicrobial, antiseptic, antioxidant, chemotherapeutic, respiratory and gastrointestinal disorder treatment, wound healing, and insecticidal/insect repellent, herbicidal, acaricidal, nematicidal, and perfumes, soap making and grease remover. In the present review, we have made an attempt to congregate the biological ingredients of leaf essential oil, leaf oil as a natural medicine, and pharmacological and toxicological values of the leaf oil of different Eucalyptus species worldwide. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry.

172 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors surveyed 60 species of forest birds on 121 transects (2.5 ha each) in 35 forest fragments in the semideciduous forest zone of Ghana and found that only large forests will conserve many species of West African forest birds.
Abstract: Despite the fact that West African tropical forests are the most fragmented in Africa, there has been no published research on biodiversity in these fragments. To determine how forest birds respond to five fac- tors—patch size, patch isolation, canopy density, abundance of large trees, and proximity to forest edge—in these forests, we surveyed 60 species of forest birds on 121 transects (2.5 ha each) in 35 forest fragments in the semideciduous forest zone of Ghana. Species richness per transect increased with patch size over the en- tire range of patch sizes observed (3-33,000 ha). The diversity of forest birds (22 species) on a single transect in a large forest patch was similar to the cumulative diversity (25 species) on all 17 transects in 13 small patches. Twenty-two of 60 species were area sensitive, 15 of which were never found in small patches. These results suggest that only large forests will conserve many species of West African forest birds. Nine species were edge sensitive, 7 of which were also area sensitive. However, forest structure near patch edges was not consistent with bird responses to canopy and tree density, suggesting that mechanisms other than microcli- mate or structural changes (perhaps predation or nest parasitism) underlie the response of most species that are sensitive to both edge and area. Regression of critical patch size (the smallest patch size in which a species was detected) on logarithm of body mass (an index of home range size) for 22 area-sensitive species suggests that area-sensitive species are unlikely to occur in patches smaller than several home-range areas. Canopy density influenced 13 species (11 positively, 2 negatively), and abundance of large trees influenced 8 species (3 positively, 5 negatively). Forest birds did not respond to isolation (distance from a patch to a large forest) for isolation distances of 1-25 km, suggesting that island biogeographic mechanisms had less influence on birds than other potential mechanisms of area sensitivity. Although small patches contributed little to the con- servation of forest birds—species found in small patches were well represented in large patches—small patches are probably important for supporting generalist bird species that provide ecological services in the agricultural matrix and serving as nuclei for future ecosystem recovery. Colapso de la Avifauna en Fragmentos de Bosque en Africa Occidental Resumen: A pesar de que los bosques tropicales de Africa Occidental son los mas fragmentados en Africa, no existe informacion publicada sobre la biodiversidad de esos fragmentos. Para determinar como responden las aves de bosque a cinco factores (tamano del fragmento, aislamiento del fragmento, densidad del dosel, abundancia de arboles grandes y proximidad al borde bosque) en estos bosques, tomamos muestras de 60 es- pecies a lo largo de 121 transectos (2.5 Ha cada uno) en 35 fragmentos de bosque en la zona de bosque semideciduo en Ghana. La riqueza de especies por transecto incremento con el tamano del fragmento en todo el rango de tamanos de fragmento (3 a 30,000 Ha). La diversidad de aves de bosque (22 especies) a lo largo de un solo transecto fue comparable a la diversidad acumulada (25 especies) en 17 transectos en 13 fragmentos pequenos. Veintidos de 60 especies fueron sensibles al tamano del fragmento, de las cuales 15 nunca fueron encontradas en fragmentos pequenos. Estos resultados sugieren que muchas especies de aves de bosque en Africa Occidental se conservaran solo en fragmentos grandes. Nueve especies fueron sensibles al borde del bosque, de las cuales 7 tambien fueron sensibles al tamano del fragmento. Sin embargo, la estruc- tura del bosque cerca del borde de los fragmentos no se correlaciono con las respuestas de las aves a los cinco factores, lo que sugiere que en la respuesta de muchas especies sensibles tanto al borde como al area sub- yacen mecanismos distintos al microclima o cambios estructurales ( probablemente depredacion o parasi-

172 citations


Authors

Showing all 5332 results

NameH-indexPapersCitations
Kari Alitalo174817114231
Jaakko Kaprio1631532126320
Glenn D. Prestwich8869042758
John K. Volkman7821221931
Petri T. Kovanen7743227171
Hailong Wang6964719652
Mika Ala-Korpela6531918048
Heikki Henttonen6427114536
Zhihong Xu5743811832
Kari Pulkki5421511166
Louis A. Schipper531929224
Sang Young Lee532719917
Young-Joon Ahn522889121
Venkatesh Narayanamurti492589399
Francis M. Kelliher491248599
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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers from the Institution in previous years
YearPapers
20236
202226
2021504
2020503
2019440
2018381