Institution
Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies
Facility•Frankfurt am Main, Germany•
About: Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies is a facility organization based out in Frankfurt am Main, Germany. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Quark–gluon plasma & Baryon. The organization has 798 authors who have published 2733 publications receiving 82799 citations. The organization is also known as: FIAS.
Topics: Quark–gluon plasma, Baryon, Hadron, Quark, Neutron star
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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01 Jan 2017
TL;DR: In this paper, a two time-scale update rule (TTUR) was proposed for training GANs with stochastic gradient descent on arbitrary GAN loss functions, which has an individual learning rate for both the discriminator and the generator.
Abstract: Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) excel at creating realistic images with complex models for which maximum likelihood is infeasible. However, the convergence of GAN training has still not been proved. We propose a two time-scale update rule (TTUR) for training GANs with stochastic gradient descent on arbitrary GAN loss functions. TTUR has an individual learning rate for both the discriminator and the generator. Using the theory of stochastic approximation, we prove that the TTUR converges under mild assumptions to a stationary local Nash equilibrium. The convergence carries over to the popular Adam optimization, for which we prove that it follows the dynamics of a heavy ball with friction and thus prefers flat minima in the objective landscape. For the evaluation of the performance of GANs at image generation, we introduce the `Frechet Inception Distance'' (FID) which captures the similarity of generated images to real ones better than the Inception Score. In experiments, TTUR improves learning for DCGANs and Improved Wasserstein GANs (WGAN-GP) outperforming conventional GAN training on CelebA, CIFAR-10, SVHN, LSUN Bedrooms, and the One Billion Word Benchmark.
3,755 citations
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TL;DR: Evidence that certain brain disorders, such as schizophrenia, epilepsy, autism, Alzheimer's disease, and Parkinson's are associated with abnormal neural synchronization is reviewed to suggest close correlations between abnormalities in neuronal synchronization and cognitive dysfunctions.
1,956 citations
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TL;DR: Dysfunctional oscillations may arise owing to anomalies in the brain's rhythm-generating networks of GABA (γ-aminobutyric acid) interneurons and in cortico-cortical connections.
Abstract: Converging evidence from electrophysiological, physiological and anatomical studies suggests that abnormalities in the synchronized oscillatory activity of neurons may have a central role in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. Neural oscillations are a fundamental mechanism for the establishment of precise temporal relationships between neuronal responses that are in turn relevant for memory, perception and consciousness. In patients with schizophrenia, the synchronization of beta- and gamma-band activity is abnormal, suggesting a crucial role for dysfunctional oscillations in the generation of the cognitive deficits and other symptoms of the disorder. Dysfunctional oscillations may arise owing to anomalies in the brain's rhythm-generating networks of GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid) interneurons and in cortico-cortical connections.
1,813 citations
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TL;DR: It is proposed that the pattern of synchronization flexibly determines thepattern of neuronal interactions, and that the mutual influence among neuronal groups depends on the phase relation between rhythmic activities within the groups.
Abstract: Brain processing depends on the interactions between neuronal groups. Those interactions are governed by the pattern of anatomical connections and by yet unknown mechanisms that modulate the effective strength of a given connection. We found that the mutual influence among neuronal groups depends on the phase relation between rhythmic activities within the groups. Phase relations supporting interactions between the groups preceded those interactions by a few milliseconds, consistent with a mechanistic role. These effects were specific in time, frequency, and space, and we therefore propose that the pattern of synchronization flexibly determines the pattern of neuronal interactions.
1,327 citations
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TL;DR: Evidence is reviewed suggesting that the resulting rhythmic network inhibition interacts with excitatory input to pyramidal cells such that the more excited cells fire earlier in the gamma cycle, enabling transmission and read out of amplitude information within a single gamma cycle without requiring rate integration.
1,089 citations
Authors
Showing all 809 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Wolf Singer | 124 | 580 | 72591 |
Peter Braun-Munzinger | 100 | 527 | 34108 |
R. Stock | 96 | 429 | 34877 |
G. Kozlov | 90 | 339 | 36161 |
Luciano Rezzolla | 90 | 394 | 26159 |
Walter Greiner | 84 | 1282 | 51857 |
Igor Pshenichnov | 83 | 362 | 22699 |
Xiaofeng Zhu | 80 | 1062 | 28158 |
Mikolaj Krzewicki | 77 | 284 | 18908 |
Ivan Kisel | 75 | 389 | 18330 |
David Edmund Johannes Linden | 74 | 361 | 18787 |
David Michael Rohr | 71 | 217 | 15111 |
Sergey Gorbunov | 71 | 258 | 15638 |
M. Bach | 71 | 123 | 14661 |
Miklos Gyulassy | 69 | 358 | 19140 |