Institution
Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center
Nonprofit•Cape Town, South Africa•
About: Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center is a nonprofit organization based out in Cape Town, South Africa. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Transplantation. The organization has 12322 authors who have published 30954 publications receiving 2288772 citations. The organization is also known as: Fred Hutch & The Hutch.
Topics: Population, Transplantation, Cancer, Breast cancer, Prostate cancer
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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TL;DR: A population‐based case–control study of anal cancer to examine factors that may account for this increase in incidence among both men and women since 1973.
Abstract: BACKGROUND. The incidence of anal cancer has increased among both men (160%) and women (78%) from 1973 to 2000 in the U.S. The authors conducted a population-based case– control study of anal cancer to examine factors that may account for this increase. METHODS. Men (n 119 patients) and women (n 187 patients) who were diagnosed with anal cancer between 1986 and 1998 in the Seattle area were ascertained through the local Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results registry. Control participants (n 1700) were ascertained through random-digit telephone dialing. Participants were interviewed in person and provided blood samples. Archival tumor tissue was tested for human papilloma virus (HPV) DNA, and serum samples were tested for HPV type 16 (HPV-16). RESULTS. Overall, 88% of tumors (all histologies) in the study were found to be positive for HPV. HPV-16 was the most frequent HPV type detected (73% of all tumors), followed by HPV-18 (6.9%), regardless of gender. However, 97.7% of tumors from men who were not exclusively heterosexual contained HPV DNA. The risk of anal cancer increased among men (odds ratio [OR], 5.3; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 2.4 –12.0) and women (OR, 11.0; 95% CI, 5.5–22.1) who had 15 sexual partners during their lifetime. Among men who were not exclusively heterosexual and women, receptive anal intercourse was related strongly to the risk of anal cancer (OR, 6.8 [95% CI, 1.4 –33.8] and OR, 2.2 [95% CI, 1.4 –3.3], respectively). Current smokers among men and women were at particularly high risk for anal cancer, independent of age and other risk factors (OR, 3.9 [95% CI, 1.9 – 8.0] and OR, 3.8 [95% CI, 2.4 – 6.2], respectively). CONCLUSIONS. The high proportion of tumors with detectable HPV suggests that infection with HPV is a necessary cause of anal cancer, similar to that of cervical cancer. Increases in the prevalence of exposures, such as cigarette smoking, anal intercourse, HPV infection, and the number of lifetime sexual partners, may account for the increasing incidence of anal cancer in men and women. Cancer 2004;101:270 – 80. © 2004 American Cancer Society.
754 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors identify microsatellite instability and chromosome instability in colorectal cancer cells and determine the effects of the different forms of genomic instability on the biological and clinical behavior of colon tumors.
751 citations
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TL;DR: Men treated for localized prostate cancer commonly had declines in all functional domains during 15 years of follow-up, and no significant relative differences in disease-specific functional outcomes were observed among men undergoing prostatectomy or radiotherapy.
Abstract: Background The purpose of this analysis was to compare long-term urinary, bowel, and sexual function after radical prostatectomy or external-beam radiation therapy. Methods The Prostate Cancer Outcomes Study (PCOS) enrolled 3533 men in whom prostate cancer had been diagnosed in 1994 or 1995. The current cohort comprised 1655 men in whom localized prostate cancer had been diagnosed between the ages of 55 and 74 years and who had undergone either surgery (1164 men) or radiotherapy (491 men). Functional status was assessed at baseline and at 2, 5, and 15 years after diagnosis. We used multivariable propensity scoring to compare functional outcomes according to treatment. Results Patients undergoing prostatectomy were more likely to have urinary incontinence than were those undergoing radiotherapy at 2 years (odds ratio, 6.22; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.92 to 20.29) and 5 years (odds ratio, 5.10; 95% CI, 2.29 to 11.36). However, no significant between-group difference in the odds of urinary incontinence ...
750 citations
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TL;DR: The results indicate that little, if any, transcription from the adult or embryonic beta-globin genes is detectable in the heterologous red cell nuclei, even under conditions in which ribonucleic acid processing probably does not occur.
Abstract: We used recombinant chicken deoxyribonucleic acid clones containing embryonic and adult beta-globin genes and "runoff" endogenous nuclear transcription to investigate the expression of embryonic and adult beta-globin genes during hematopoiesis in the developing chicken embryo. Purified, cloned deoxyribonucleic acids were digested with various restriction enzymes, separated on agarose gels, blotted to nitrocellulose, and annealed with purified nuclear [32P]ribonucleic acid synthesized in vitro from embryonic or adult red cell nuclei. Transcription of the respective globin genes was assayed by hybridization of nuclear [32P]ribonucleic acid to specific restriction fragments containing adult or embryonic coding sequences. Our results indicate that little, if any, transcription from the adult or embryonic beta-globin genes is detectable in the heterologous red cell nuclei, even under conditions in which ribonucleic acid processing probably does not occur.
748 citations
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TL;DR: It is shown here that resveratrol is a substrate-specific activator of yeast Sir2 and human SirT1 and that in three different yeast strain backgrounds, resver atrol has no detectable effect on Sir2 activity in vivo, as measured by rDNA recombination, transcriptional silencing near telomeres, and life span.
747 citations
Authors
Showing all 12368 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Walter C. Willett | 334 | 2399 | 413322 |
Robert Langer | 281 | 2324 | 326306 |
Meir J. Stampfer | 277 | 1414 | 283776 |
JoAnn E. Manson | 270 | 1819 | 258509 |
David J. Hunter | 213 | 1836 | 207050 |
Peer Bork | 206 | 697 | 245427 |
Eric Boerwinkle | 183 | 1321 | 170971 |
Ruedi Aebersold | 182 | 879 | 141881 |
Bruce M. Psaty | 181 | 1205 | 138244 |
Aaron R. Folsom | 181 | 1118 | 134044 |
David Baker | 173 | 1226 | 109377 |
Frederick W. Alt | 171 | 577 | 95573 |
Lily Yeh Jan | 162 | 467 | 73655 |
Yuh Nung Jan | 162 | 460 | 74818 |
Charles N. Serhan | 158 | 728 | 84810 |