Institution
Free University of Berlin
Education•Berlin, Germany•
About: Free University of Berlin is a education organization based out in Berlin, Germany. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Context (language use). The organization has 35195 authors who have published 66525 publications receiving 2094403 citations. The organization is also known as: FU Berlin.
Topics: Population, Context (language use), Excited state, Receptor, Politics
Papers published on a yearly basis
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TL;DR: As a novel type of lipid nanoparticles with solid matrix, the nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC) are presented and improvements discussed, for example, increase in loading capacity, physical and chemical long-term stability, triggered release and potentially supersaturated topical formulations.
1,783 citations
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TL;DR: The most complete cyanobacterial photosystem II structure obtained so far is described, showing locations of and interactions between 20 protein subunits and 77 cofactors per monomer, and provides information about the Mn4Ca cluster, where oxidation of water takes place.
Abstract: Oxygenic photosynthesis in plants, algae and cyanobacteria is initiated at photosystem II, a homodimeric multisubunit protein-cofactor complex embedded in the thylakoid membrane. Photosystem II captures sunlight and powers the unique photo-induced oxidation of water to atmospheric oxygen. Crystallographic investigations of cyanobacterial photosystem II have provided several medium-resolution structures (3.8 to 3.2 A) that explain the general arrangement of the protein matrix and cofactors, but do not give a full picture of the complex. Here we describe the most complete cyanobacterial photosystem II structure obtained so far, showing locations of and interactions between 20 protein subunits and 77 cofactors per monomer. Assignment of 11 beta-carotenes yields insights into electron and energy transfer and photo-protection mechanisms in the reaction centre and antenna subunits. The high number of 14 integrally bound lipids reflects the structural and functional importance of these molecules for flexibility within and assembly of photosystem II. A lipophilic pathway is proposed for the diffusion of secondary plastoquinone that transfers redox equivalents from photosystem II to the photosynthetic chain. The structure provides information about the Mn4Ca cluster, where oxidation of water takes place. Our study uncovers near-atomic details necessary to understand the processes that convert light to chemical energy.
1,774 citations
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TL;DR: The evolution of virulence is linked to bacterial sex because rates of evolution have accelerated in pathogenic lineages, culminating in highly virulent organisms whose genomic contents are altered frequently by increased rates of homologous recombination.
Abstract: Summary Pathogenic Escherichia coli cause over 160 million cases of dysentery and one million deaths per year, whereas non-pathogenic E. coli constitute part of the normal intestinal flora of healthy mammals and birds. The evolutionary pathways underlying this dichotomy in bacterial lifestyle were investigated by multilocus sequence typing of a global collection of isolates. Specific pathogen types (enterohaemorrhagic E. coli , enteropathogenic E. coli , enteroinvasive E. coli , K1 and Shigella ) have arisen independently and repeat- edly in several lineages, whereas other lineages con- tain only few pathogens. Rates of evolution have accelerated in pathogenic lineages, culminating in highly virulent organisms whose genomic contents are altered frequently by increased rates of homolo- gous recombination; thus, the evolution of virulence is linked to bacterial sex. This long-term pattern of evolution was observed in genes distributed through- out the genome, and thereby is the likely result of episodic selection for strains that can escape the host immune response.
1,773 citations
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Donostia International Physics Center1, Rovira i Virgili University2, MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology3, Victoria University of Wellington4, University of Cambridge5, University of California, Santa Barbara6, Queen's University Belfast7, Technical University of Denmark8, University of Victoria9, Chung-Ang University10, Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology11, University of Jena12, Rutgers University13, University of Strathclyde14, University of Liverpool15, University of Iowa16, University of Minnesota17, Heidelberg University18, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology19, Chalmers University of Technology20, Humboldt University of Berlin21, University of Michigan22, Jiangnan University23, Stanford University24, Xiamen University25, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich26, Hokkaido University27, Seoul National University28, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign29, Kwansei Gakuin University30, University of Vigo31, Free University of Berlin32, Northwestern University33, University of Duisburg-Essen34, National Research Council35, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Thiruvananthapuram36, Duke University37, Northeastern University (China)38, Temple University39, Wuhan University40, Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology41, Jilin University42, Ikerbasque43
TL;DR: Prominent authors from all over the world joined efforts to summarize the current state-of-the-art in understanding and using SERS, as well as to propose what can be expected in the near future, in terms of research, applications, and technological development.
Abstract: The discovery of the enhancement of Raman scattering by molecules adsorbed on nanostructured metal surfaces is a landmark in the history of spectroscopic and analytical techniques. Significant experimental and theoretical effort has been directed toward understanding the surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) effect and demonstrating its potential in various types of ultrasensitive sensing applications in a wide variety of fields. In the 45 years since its discovery, SERS has blossomed into a rich area of research and technology, but additional efforts are still needed before it can be routinely used analytically and in commercial products. In this Review, prominent authors from around the world joined together to summarize the state of the art in understanding and using SERS and to predict what can be expected in the near future in terms of research, applications, and technological development. This Review is dedicated to SERS pioneer and our coauthor, the late Prof. Richard Van Duyne, whom we lost during the preparation of this article.
1,768 citations
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TL;DR: The principles and practical application of receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) analysis for diagnostic tests, including meta-analysis of diagnostic Tests, correlated ROC curves (paired-sample design) and chance- and prevalence-corrected R OC curves are reviewed.
1,762 citations
Authors
Showing all 35717 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Andreas Pfeiffer | 149 | 1756 | 131080 |
Nicholas A. Peppas | 141 | 825 | 90533 |
Robert H. Purcell | 139 | 666 | 70366 |
Andrea Castro | 132 | 1500 | 90019 |
Klaus Ley | 129 | 495 | 57964 |
Klaus-Robert Müller | 129 | 764 | 79391 |
Britton Chance | 128 | 1112 | 76591 |
Stefan H. E. Kaufmann | 126 | 925 | 58891 |
Thomas F. Tedder | 123 | 426 | 48374 |
Aravinda Chakravarti | 120 | 451 | 99632 |
Jerome Ritz | 120 | 644 | 47987 |
Thomas C. Quinn | 120 | 827 | 65881 |
Angela D. Friederici | 120 | 701 | 50191 |
E. K. U. Gross | 119 | 1154 | 75970 |
Alexander Rich | 115 | 539 | 50171 |