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Institution

French Institute of Health and Medical Research

GovernmentParis, France
About: French Institute of Health and Medical Research is a government organization based out in Paris, France. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Receptor. The organization has 109367 authors who have published 174236 publications receiving 8365503 citations.


Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The second European Federation of Neurological Societies Task Force as discussed by the authors aimed at updating the existing evidence about the pharmacological treatment of neuropathic pain since 2005, and identified studies using the Cochrane Database and Medline.
Abstract: Background and objectives: This second European Federation of Neurological Societies Task Force aimed at updating the existing evidence about the pharmacological treatment of neuropathic pain since 2005. Methods: Studies were identified using the Cochrane Database and Medline. Trials were classified according to the aetiological condition. All class I and II randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were assessed; lower class studies were considered only in conditions that had no top-level studies. Treatments administered using repeated or single administrations were considered, provided they are feasible in an outpatient setting. Results: Most large RCTs included patients with diabetic polyneuropathies and post-herpetic neuralgia, while an increasing number of smaller studies explored other conditions. Drugs generally have similar efficacy in various conditions, except in trigeminal neuralgia, chronic radiculopathy and HIV neuropathy, with level A evidence in support of tricyclic antidepressants (TCA), pregabalin, gabapentin, tramadol and opioids (in various conditions), duloxetine, venlafaxine, topical lidocaine and capsaicin patches (in restricted conditions). Combination therapy appears useful for TCA-gabapentin and gabapentin-opioids (level A). Conclusions: There are still too few large-scale comparative studies. For future trials, we recommend to assess comorbidities, quality of life, symptoms and signs with standardized tools and attempt to better define responder profiles to specific drug treatments.

1,504 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Early Parkinson's disease can be managed successfully for up to five years with a reduced risk of dyskinesia by initiating treatment with ropinirole alone and supplementing it with levodopa if necessary.
Abstract: Background There is debate about whether the initial treatment for patients with Parkinson's disease should be levodopa or a dopamine agonist. Methods In this prospective, randomized, double-blind study, we compared the safety and efficacy of the dopamine D2–receptor agonist ropinirole with that of levodopa over a period of five years in 268 patients with early Parkinson's disease. If symptoms were not adequately controlled by the assigned study medication, patients could receive supplementary levodopa, administered in an open-label fashion. The primary outcome measure was the occurrence of dyskinesia. Results Eighty-five of the 179 patients in the ropinirole group (47 percent) and 45 of the 89 patients in the levodopa group (51 percent) completed all five years of the study. In the ropinirole group, 29 of the 85 patients (34 percent) received no levodopa supplementation. The analysis of the time to dyskinesia showed a significant difference in favor of ropinirole (hazard ratio for remaining free of dyski...

1,499 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This review focuses only on permanent modifications in relation to clinical dysfunction in cardiac remodeling secondary to myocardial infarction and/or arterial hypertension and includes a special section on the senescent heart, since CR is mainly a disease of the elderly.
Abstract: Swynghedauw, Bernard. Molecular Mechanisms of Myocardial Remodeling. Physiol. Rev. 79: 215–262, 1999. — “Remodeling” implies changes that result in rearrangement of normally existing structures. Th...

1,489 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
22 Nov 2013-Science
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that cyclophosphamide alters the composition of microbiota in the small intestine and induces the translocation of selected species of Gram-positive bacteria into secondary lymphoid organs, which suggests that the gut microbiota help shape the anticancer immune response.
Abstract: Cyclophosphamide is one of several clinically important cancer drugs whose therapeutic efficacy is due in part to their ability to stimulate antitumor immune responses. Studying mouse models, we demonstrate that cyclophosphamide alters the composition of microbiota in the small intestine and induces the translocation of selected species of Gram-positive bacteria into secondary lymphoid organs. There, these bacteria stimulate the generation of a specific subset of "pathogenic" T helper 17 (pT(H)17) cells and memory T(H)1 immune responses. Tumor-bearing mice that were germ-free or that had been treated with antibiotics to kill Gram-positive bacteria showed a reduction in pT(H)17 responses, and their tumors were resistant to cyclophosphamide. Adoptive transfer of pT(H)17 cells partially restored the antitumor efficacy of cyclophosphamide. These results suggest that the gut microbiota help shape the anticancer immune response.

1,487 citations


Authors

Showing all 109539 results

NameH-indexPapersCitations
Guido Kroemer2361404246571
Pierre Chambon211884161565
Peer Bork206697245427
Ronald M. Evans199708166722
Raymond J. Dolan196919138540
Matthew Meyerson194553243726
Charles A. Dinarello1901058139668
Julie E. Buring186950132967
Tadamitsu Kishimoto1811067130860
Didier Raoult1733267153016
Giuseppe Remuzzi1721226160440
Zena Werb168473122629
Nahum Sonenberg167647104053
Philippe Froguel166820118816
Gordon J. Freeman164579105193
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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers from the Institution in previous years
YearPapers
202368
2022306
20217,549
20207,367
20196,969
20186,607