Showing papers by "Fu Jen Catholic University published in 2013"
Manchester Academic Health Science Centre1, University of Leicester2, Hull York Medical School3, University of Exeter4, VU University Medical Center5, Karolinska Institutet6, University of New South Wales7, City University London8, VU University Amsterdam9, University of Sheffield10, University of Wollongong11, University of Manchester12, Fu Jen Catholic University13
TL;DR: The data suggest that patients with more severe depression at baseline show at least as much clinical benefit from low intensity interventions as less severely depressed patients and could usefully be offered these interventions as part of a stepped care model.
Abstract: Objective To assess how initial severity of depression affects the benefit derived from low intensity interventions for depression.
305 citations
New York University1, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center2, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai3, Radiation Effects Research Foundation4, Sookmyung Women's University5, Peking Union Medical College6, National Cancer Research Institute7, University of Tokyo8, Hokkaido University9, University of Pittsburgh10, Vanderbilt University11, Tohoku University12, National Taiwan University13, Academia Sinica14, Seoul National University15, University of Chicago16, National Health Research Institutes17, Tulane University18, International Agency for Research on Cancer19, National University of Singapore20, Kyushu University21, Fu Jen Catholic University22, Hallym University23, Columbia University24, National Institutes of Health25, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston26, Massey University27, University of Washington28
TL;DR: Body mass index shows a U shaped association with death from overall cardiovascular disease among east Asians: increased risk of death from cardiovascular disease is observed at lower and higher ranges of body mass index.
Abstract: Objective To evaluate the association between body mass index and mortality from overall cardiovascular disease and specific subtypes of cardiovascular disease in east and south Asians. Design Pooled analyses of 20 prospective cohorts in Asia, including data from 835 082 east Asians and 289 815 south Asians. Cohorts were identified through a systematic search of the literature in early 2008, followed by a survey that was sent to each cohort to assess data availability. Setting General populations in east Asia (China, Taiwan, Singapore, Japan, and Korea) and south Asia (India and Bangladesh). Participants 1 124 897 men and women (mean age 53.4 years at baseline). Main outcome measures Risk of death from overall cardiovascular disease, coronary heart disease, stroke, and (in east Asians only) stroke subtypes. Results 49 184 cardiovascular deaths (40 791 in east Asians and 8393 in south Asians) were identified during a mean follow-up of 9.7 years. East Asians with a body mass index of 25 or above had a raised risk of death from overall cardiovascular disease, compared with the reference range of body mass index (values 22.5-24.9; hazard ratio 1.09 (95% confidence interval 1.03 to 1.15), 1.27 (1.20 to 1.35), 1.59 (1.43 to 1.76), 1.74 (1.47 to 2.06), and 1.97 (1.44 to 2.71) for body mass index ranges 25.0-27.4, 27.5-29.9, 30.0-32.4, 32.5-34.9, and 35.0-50.0, respectively). This association was similar for risk of death from coronary heart disease and ischaemic stroke; for haemorrhagic stroke, the risk of death was higher at body mass index values of 27.5 and above. Elevated risk of death from cardiovascular disease was also observed at lower categories of body mass index (hazard ratio 1.19 (95% confidence interval 1.02 to 1.39) and 2.16 (1.37 to 3.40) for body mass index ranges 15.0-17.4 and Conclusions Body mass index shows a U shaped association with death from overall cardiovascular disease among east Asians: increased risk of death from cardiovascular disease is observed at lower and higher ranges of body mass index. A high body mass index is a risk factor for mortality from overall cardiovascular disease and for specific diseases, including coronary heart disease, ischaemic stroke, and haemorrhagic stroke in east Asians. Higher body mass index is a weak risk factor for mortality from cardiovascular disease in south Asians.
263 citations
TL;DR: It is found that miR-135b is dually regulated by DNA demethylation and nuclear factor-kappaB signalling, implying that abnormal expression in cancer may result from inflammatory and epigenetic modulations.
Abstract: Dysregulation of microRNAs has a critical role in cancer progression. Here we identify an intronic microRNA, miR-135b that is upregulated in highly invasive non-small-cell lung cancer cells. Expression of miR-135b enhances cancer cell invasive and migratory abilities in vitro and promotes cancer metastasis in vivo, while specific inhibition of miR-135b by a miR-135b-specific molecular sponge and antagomirs suppresses cancer cell invasion, orthotopic lung tumour growth and metastasis in a mouse model. miR-135b targets multiple key components in the Hippo pathway, including LATS2, β-TrCP and NDR2, as well as LZTS1. Expression of miR-135b, LZTS1, LATS2 and nuclear TAZ predicts poor outcomes of non-small-cell lung cancer. We find that miR-135b is dually regulated by DNA demethylation and nuclear factor-kappaB signalling, implying that abnormal expression of miR-135b in cancer may result from inflammatory and epigenetic modulations. We conclude that miR-135b is an oncogenic microRNA and a potential therapeutic target for non-small-cell lung cancer.
255 citations
TL;DR: Chemotherapy with fluorouracil or gemcitabine is the optimum adjuvant treatment for pancreatic adenocarcinoma and reduces mortality after surgery by about a third, and chemoradiation plus chemotherapy is less effective in prolonging survival and is more toxic than chemotherapy.
Abstract: Summary Background Major adjuvant treatments for pancreatic adenocarcinoma include fluorouracil, gemcitabine, chemoradiation, and chemoradiation plus fluorouracil or gemcitabine. Since the optimum regimen remains inconclusive, we aimed to compare these treatments in terms of overall survival after tumour resection and in terms of grade 3–4 toxic effects with a systematic review and random-effects Bayesian network meta-analysis. Methods We searched PubMed, trial registries, and related reviews and abstracts for randomised controlled trials comparing the above five treatments with each other or observation alone before April 30, 2013. We estimated relative hazard ratios (HRs) for death and relative odds ratios (ORs) for toxic effects among different therapies by combining HRs for death and survival durations and ORs for toxic effects of included trials. We assessed the effects of prognostic factors on survival benefits of adjuvant therapies with meta-regression. Findings Ten eligible articles reporting nine trials were included. Compared with observation, the HRs for death were 0·62 (95% credible interval 0·42–0·88) for fluorouracil, 0·68 (0·44–1·07) for gemcitabine, 0·91 (0·55–1·46) for chemoradiation, 0·54 (0·15–1·80) for chemoradiation plus fluorouracil, and 0·44 (0·10–1·81) for chemoradiation plus gemcitabine. The proportion of patients with positive lymph nodes was inversely associated with the survival benefit of adjuvant treatments. After adjustment for this factor, fluorouracil (HR 0·65, 0·49–0·84) and gemcitabine (0·59, 0·41–0·83) improved survival compared with observation, whereas chemoradiation resulted in worse survival than fluorouracil (1·69, 1·12–2·54) or gemcitabine (1·86, 1·04–3·23). Chemoradiation plus gemcitabine was ranked the most toxic, with significantly higher haematological toxic effects than second-ranked chemoradiation plus fluorouracil (OR 13·33, 1·01–169·36). Interpretation Chemotherapy with fluorouracil or gemcitabine is the optimum adjuvant treatment for pancreatic adenocarcinoma and reduces mortality after surgery by about a third. Chemoradiation plus chemotherapy is less effective in prolonging survival and is more toxic than chemotherapy. Funding None.
196 citations
TL;DR: An improved authentication of the batch scheme based on bilinear pairing is proposed to make VANET more secure, efficient, and more suitable for practical use.
Abstract: Vehicular Ad-Hoc Network (VANET) is an application of Ad-Hoc Network, which can significantly improve the efficiency of transportation systems. The authentication of information is particularly important in the VANET system, because of its significant impact, and the transportation systems may be paralyzed as a result of receiving the wrong traffic information. Hence, a lot of schemes have been proposed to verify the information of VANET. However, most of currently known schemes verify the information on a one by one basis. In real situation, the large amount of traffic flow will generate a lot of information at the same time. If the authentication method is authenticating one by one, it is bound to lead to information delays, and the system will have difficulty to achieve real-time performance. Therefore, we shall propose an improved authentication of the batch scheme based on bilinear pairing to make VANET more secure, efficient, and more suitable for practical use.
194 citations
TL;DR: Based on the current Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute susceptible breakpoint of cefepime (minimum inhibitory concentration ≤ 8 μg/mL), cefepingime definitive therapy is inferior to carbapenem therapy in treating patients with so-called cefEPime-susceptible ESBL-producer bacteremia.
Abstract: BACKGROUND Extended-spectrum s-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae isolates are important clinical pathogens. In addition, the efficacy of cefepime for such infections is controversial. METHODS We performed a retrospective study of monomicrobial bacteremia caused by ESBL producers at 2 medical centers between May 2002 and August 2007. The patients definitively treated with in vitro active cefepime (cases) were compared with those treated with a carbapenem (controls) in a propensity score-matched analysis to assess therapeutic effectiveness. The 30-day crude mortality is the primary endpoint. RESULTS A total of 178 patients were eligible for the study. Patients who received cefepime (n = 17) as definitive therapy were more likely to have a clinical failure (odds ratio [OR] 6.2; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.7-22.5; P = .002), microbiological failure (OR 5.5; 95% CI, 1.3-25.6; P = .04), and 30-day mortality (OR 7.1; 95% CI, 2.5-20.3; P < .001) than those who received carbapenem therapy (n = 161). Multivariate regression revealed that a critical illness with a Pitt bacteremia score ≥ 4 points (OR 5.4; 95% CI, 1.4-20.9; P = .016), a rapidly fatal underlying disease (OR 4.4; 95% CI, 1.5-12.6; P = .006), and definitive cefepime therapy (OR 9.9; 95% CI, 2.8-31.9; P < .001) were independently associated with 30-day crude mortality. There were 17 case-control pairs in the propensity scores matched analysis. The survival analysis consistently found that individuals who received cefepime therapy had a lower survival rate (log-rank test, P = .016). CONCLUSIONS Based on the current Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute susceptible breakpoint of cefepime (minimum inhibitory concentration ≤ 8 μg/mL), cefepime definitive therapy is inferior to carbapenem therapy in treating patients with so-called cefepime-susceptible ESBL-producer bacteremia.
164 citations
TL;DR: This study evaluated the changes of GERD symptoms and erosive esophagitis in severely obese patients who underwent laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy.
Abstract: Although laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) is an effective treatment for morbid obesity, the effects of LSG on gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) are controversial This study evaluated the changes of GERD symptoms and erosive esophagitis (EE) in severely obese patients who underwent LSG Forty-seven severely obese women and 19 severely obese men (mean age of 372 ± 127 years) who underwent LSG between August 2007 and November 2009 were enrolled All patients completed the Reflux Disease Questionnaire and underwent esophagogastroduodenoscopy preoperatively and at least 1 year after LSG The median follow-up period was 12 months (range, 12–21) After surgery, significant decreases were reported in mean body mass index (363 ± 41 vs 258 ± 29 kg/m2), mean waist circumference (1095 ± 128 vs 857 ± 95 cm), and prevalence of metabolic syndrome (545 vs 76 %; P < 0001 for both) Conversely, a significant increase was observed in the prevalence of GERD symptoms (121 vs 47 %) and EE (167 vs 667 %) after LSG (P < 0001 for both) The prevalence of hiatal hernias also increased significantly (61 vs 273 %; P < 0001) after LSG, and it was significantly higher in patients with than those without EE after LSG (91 vs 364 %, respectively; P = 002) Although LSG can achieve significant weight loss and improvement of comorbidities in severely obese patients, the prevalence and severity of GERD symptoms and EE increase after the operation The occurrence of EE after LSG is related to the presence of a hiatal hernia after the operation
140 citations
TL;DR: This paper investigated gender differences in behavioral regulation in four societies: the United States, Taiwan, South Korea, and China, and found that girls had significantly higher individual behavioral regulation than boys.
131 citations
TL;DR: Using the proposed pre-equalization technology, the ~1 MHz bandwidth of phosphor LED could be extended to ~12 MHz without using blue filter, which would enhance the traffic data rate for VLC transmission.
Abstract: In this demonstration, we first demonstrate a real-time phosphor-LED visible light communication (VLC) system with 37 Mbit/s total throughput under a 1.5 m free space transmission length. The transmitter and receiver modules are compact size. Utilizing our proposed pre-equalization technology, the ~1 MHz bandwidth of phosphor LED could be extended to ~12 MHz without using blue filter. Thus, the increase in bandwidth would enhance the traffic data rate for VLC transmission. The maximum bit-rate achieved by the VLC system is 37 Mbit/s, and a video transmission at 28.419 Mbit/s is demonstrated using the proposed VLC system. In addition, the relationships of received power and signal performance are discussed and analyzed.
125 citations
TL;DR: The FIT produced a higher percentage of false-negative results in detection of carcinoma in situ and T1 cancer than in T2-T4 cancers, and early-stage cancers are associated with a high rate offalse- negative results from the FIT.
124 citations
TL;DR: Elevated baseline serum HBV DNA was a strong risk predictor of HCC and antiviral NUCs therapy reduced the incidence of H CC in cirrhotic patients with HBV infection and alcoholism.
TL;DR: It is pointed out that Xue et al.'s scheme cannot resist stolen-verifier, insider, off-line password guessing, smart card lost problem and many logged-in users' attacks and these security weaknesses make the scheme inapplicable to practical WSN applications.
Abstract: Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) can be quickly and randomly deployed in any harsh and unattended environment and only authorized users are allowed to access reliable sensor nodes in WSNs with the aid of gateways (GWNs). Secure authentication models among the users, the sensor nodes and GWN are important research issues for ensuring communication security and data privacy in WSNs. In 2013, Xue et al. proposed a temporal-credential-based mutual authentication and key agreement scheme for WSNs. However, in this paper, we point out that Xue et al.'s scheme cannot resist stolen-verifier, insider, off-line password guessing, smart card lost problem and many logged-in users' attacks and these security weaknesses make the scheme inapplicable to practical WSN applications. To tackle these problems, we suggest a simple countermeasure to prevent proposed attacks while the other merits of Xue et al.'s authentication scheme are left unchanged.
17 Jul 2013
TL;DR: This work proposes two QoS-aware data replication (QADR) algorithms in cloud computing systems that can produce the optimal solution to the QADR problem in polynomial time and proposes node combination techniques to reduce the possibly large data replication time.
Abstract: Cloud computing provides scalable computing and storage resources. More and more data-intensive applications are developed in this computing environment. Different applications have different quality-of-service (QoS) requirements. To continuously support the QoS requirement of an application after data corruption, we propose two QoS-aware data replication (QADR) algorithms in cloud computing systems. The first algorithm adopts the intuitive idea of high-QoS first-replication (HQFR) to perform data replication. However, this greedy algorithm cannot minimize the data replication cost and the number of QoS-violated data replicas. To achieve these two minimum objectives, the second algorithm transforms the QADR problem into the well-known minimum-cost maximum-flow (MCMF) problem. By applying the existing MCMF algorithm to solve the QADR problem, the second algorithm can produce the optimal solution to the QADR problem in polynomial time, but it takes more computational time than the first algorithm. Moreover, it is known that a cloud computing system usually has a large number of nodes. We also propose node combination techniques to reduce the possibly large data replication time. Finally, simulation experiments are performed to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithms in the data replication and recovery.
TL;DR: It is suggested that the PI3K/Akt/FoxO survival pathway activated by hypoxia in MSCs enhances chondrogenesis and plays an important role in preventing endochondral ossification.
Abstract: Hypoxia, a common environmental condition, influences cell signals and functions. Here, we compared the effects of hypoxia (1% oxygen) and normoxia (air) on chondrogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). For in vitro chondrogenic differentiation, MSCs were concentrated to form pellets and subjected to conditions appropriate for chondrogenic differentiation under normoxia and hypoxia, followed by the analysis for the expression of genes and proteins of chondrogenesis and endochondral ossification. MSCs induced for differentiation under hypoxia increased in chondrogenesis, but decreased in endochondral ossification compared to those under normoxia. MSCs induced for differentiation were more resistant to apoptosis under hypoxia compared to those under normoxia. The hypoxia-dependent protection of MSCs from chondrogenesis-induced apoptosis correlated with an increase in the activation of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt/FoxO pathway. These results suggest that the PI3K/Akt/FoxO survival pathway activated by hypoxia in MSCs enhances chondrogenesis and plays an important role in preventing endochondral ossification.
TL;DR: It is suggested that if extracorporeal membrane oxygenation were to be used in this patient population, age 60 years or older might be a contraindication and central extracorbidities could possibly be beneficial according to the favorable pediatric experience in published studies.
TL;DR: There is a significant association between prior IDA and ischemic stroke and no significant relationship betweenIDA and subarachnoid/intracerebral hemorrhage even adjusting for other confounding factors.
Abstract: Background
Very little is known about the relationship between non-sickle cell anemia and stroke. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the association of iron-deficiency anemia (IDA) with stroke based on a nationwide coverage database in Taiwan.
TL;DR: This paper proposes a secure biometric-based remote user authentication with key agreement scheme using extended chaotic maps that can resist the privileged insider attack and the off-line password guessing attack, and provide user anonymity.
Abstract: Recently, biometric-based remote user authentication schemes along with passwords have drawn considerable attention in research. In 2011, Das proposed an improvement on an efficient biometric-based remote user authentication scheme using smart cards and claimed his scheme could resist various attacks. However, there are some weaknesses in Das’s scheme such as the privileged insider attack and the off-line password guessing attack. Besides, Das’s scheme also cannot provide user anonymity. To overcome these weaknesses, we shall propose a secure biometric-based remote user authentication with key agreement scheme using extended chaotic maps. The proposed scheme not only can resist the above-mentioned attacks, but also provide user anonymity.
TL;DR: With the exception of the food poisoning construct, this study found correlations among knowledge, attitude, and HACCP practices, with attitude mediating the relationship between knowledge and HacCP practices.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated how political connections are related to preferential bank loans, how the entrenched position of the ruling party affects the types of preferential bank loan, and how corporate governance is related to preference bank loans.
Abstract: The presidential election in Taiwan during 2000 resulted in the first political changeover in more than fifty years from the ruling party, the Kuomintang (KMT), to the Democratic Progressive Party (DPP). In 2004, the KMT was expected to win, but eventually lost to the DPP. We use these two exogenous events to investigate three issues: how political connections are related to preferential bank loans, how the entrenched position of the ruling party affects the types of preferential bank loans and how corporate governance is related to preferential bank loans. We find that KMT-connected (DPP-connected) firms were associated with higher (lower) abnormal returns before the 2004 election. This pattern of returns was reversed after the unexpected result. Moreover, we find that political connections were positively correlated with preferential bank loans. However, the types of preferential bank loans differed between KMT-connected and DPP-connected firms due to differences in the entrenched power of the ruling party. Finally, we find that corporate governance is negatively correlated with preferential bank loans, probably because firms with good corporate governance have more alternative financial sources.
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that HDAC inhibitor treatment in OA-FLS significantly increased miR-146a expression and mediated markedly negative regulation to inhibit IL-1β-induced signaling and cytokine secretion, indicating the potential rationale of anti-inflammatory effects for HDAC inhibitors.
TL;DR: CHADS2 and CHA2DS2-VASc scores were predictive of postoperative atrial fibrillation after cardiac surgery and may be helpful for identifying high-risk patients.
TL;DR: Higher serum concentrations of PFOA and PFHxS are associated with total T3, total T4, and free T4 in the U.S. general population, and more studies are warranted to clarify the causal relationship.
Abstract: Context: Perfluorinated chemicals (PFCs) have been widely used in a variety of products worldwide for years. The relationship between serum PFCs and thyroid function has never been addressed in a nationally representative survey. Objectives: The study examined the association between serum PFCs and thyroid function in the general U.S. population. Design and Participants: We selected 1181 subjects (aged >20 years) from a National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) in 2007 through 2008 and 2009 through 2010 to determine the relationship between serum PFCs and thyroid function. Data were adjusted for confounding variables. Results: The geometric means and 95% confidence interval (CI) concentrations of perfluorooctanoate (PFOA), perfluorooctane sulfonate, perfluorononanoic acid, and perfluorohexane sulfonate (PFHxS) were 4.15 (4.02–4.29), 14.2 (13.59–14.86), 1.54 (1.48–1.59), and 2.00 (1.89–2.11) ng/mL, respectively. After weighting for sampling strategy, we determined a 1-U increase in natural ...
TL;DR: A scheme utilizing three-party password-based authenticated key exchange protocol with user anonymity using extended chaotic maps, which is more efficient and secure than previously proposed schemes.
Abstract: In this paper, we propose a scheme utilizing three-party password-based authenticated key exchange protocol with user anonymity using extended chaotic maps, which is more efficient and secure than previously proposed schemes. In order to enhance the efficiency and security, we use the extended chaotic maps to encrypt and decrypt the information transmitted by the user or the server. In addition, the proposed protocol provides user anonymity to guarantee the identity of users, which is transmitted in the insecure public network.
TL;DR: In this paper, the dynamics of photoexcited charge carriers in CdSe/Au and CdSE/Pt nanorods was probed via ultrafast spectroscopy.
Abstract: Combining metal and semiconducting nanomaterials into one single nanocrystal, metal–semiconducting nanocomposites have been attracting considerable research interest due to the integrated and unprecedented properties that arise at the heterostructure interface. Herein, the dynamics of photoexcited charge carriers in CdSe/Au and CdSe/Pt nanorods is probed via ultrafast spectroscopy. Upon 400 nm photoexcitation, the results show both hot and cold electrons transfer from CdSe to the metal counterpart. The injection of photoinduced electrons into the Au tip is faster than that into the Pt nanoparticles, but only Pt can completely extract the excited electrons from the CdSe nanorod. Combined with temperature-dependent photoluminescence spectra, the electron migration can be ascribed to the band alignments and the charge storage/discharge behavior of the metallic tips. These findings not only support the distinct difference in photocatalytic efficiency between CdSe/Au and CdSe/Pt nanorods but also shed light on...
TL;DR: Recently, the bioactivities of O. sinensis were described, and they include antiarteriosclerosis, antidepression, and antiosteoporosis activities, photoprotection, prevention and treatment of bowel injury, promotion of endurance capacity, and learning-memory improvement.
TL;DR: Although safety and efficacy were similar between elderly patients without frailty and younger patients, an increased risk of large post-void residual urine volume and a lower long-term success rate in frail elderly patients were noted after intravesical onabotulinumtoxinA injection for refractory idiopathic detrusor overactivity.
TL;DR: Patients with CHB who develop diabetes are at an increased risk of liver cirrhosis and its decompensation over time, and their time relationship in patients with chronic hepatitis B is unclear.
Abstract: BACKGROUND The impact of diabetes on cirrhosis, its decompensation, and their time relationship in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) remain unclear. METHODS We conducted a nationwide cohort study by using the Taiwanese National Health Insurance Research Database, which was comprised of data from >99% of the entire population. Among 1 million randomly sampled enrollees, 14 523 adult CHB patients were identified from 1997 to 2009. Diabetes was defined as newly diagnosed in CHB patients who were given the diagnosis in the years 1998-2001 but not in 1996-1997 and with physician visits of at least twice per year. The cohorts of CHB with newly diagnosed diabetes (n = 351) and without diabetes (n = 7886) were followed up from the diagnosis of diabetes and from 2000 in the patients without diabetes until development of cirrhosis or its decompensation, withdrawal from insurance, or December 2009. RESULTS Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed a significantly higher cumulative incidence of cirrhosis (relative risk [RR] = 3.43; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.62-4.49; P < .001, log-rank test) and decompensated cirrhosis (RR = 4.11; 95% CI, 2.95-5.70; P < .001, log-rank test) among patients with newly developed diabetes compared with those without diabetes. After adjustment for age, sex, CHB treatment, hepatocellular carcinoma, and comorbidity index by Cox proportional hazards model, diabetes was still an independent predictor for cirrhosis (hazard ratio [HR] = 2.015; 95% CI, 1.393-2.915; P < .001) and its decompensation (HR = 1.792; 95% CI, 1.192-2.695; P = .005). CONCLUSIONS Patients with CHB who develop diabetes are at an increased risk of liver cirrhosis and its decompensation over time.
TL;DR: The data indicate that neonatal LPS exposure resulted in learning deficits in the passive avoidance task, less anxiety-like (anxiolytic-like) responses in the elevated plus-maze task, and effects related to the chronic inflammation in the rat hippocampus.
TL;DR: DFT calculations provided rationale for the intriguing 1:1 ratio of amide sorption sites to CO2 molecules and revealed that the nanochamber of compound 1 permits the slipped-parallel arrangement ofCO2 molecules, an arrangement found in crystal and gas-phase CO2 dimer.
Abstract: A unique spatial arrangement of amide groups for CO2 adsorption is found in the open-ended channels of a zinc(II)–organic framework {[Zn4(BDC)4(BPDA)4]·5DMF·3H2O}n (1, BDC = 1,4-benzyl dicarboxylate, BPDA = N,N′-bis(4-pyridinyl)-1,4-benzenedicarboxamide). Compound 1 consists of 44-sql [Zn4(BDC)4] sheets that are further pillared by a long linker of BPDA and forms a 3D porous framework with an α-Po 412·63 topology. Remarkably, the unsheltered amide groups in 1 provide a positive cooperative effect on the adsorption of CO2 molecules, as shown by the significant increase in the CO2 adsorption enthalpy with increasing CO2 uptake. At ambient condition, a 1:1 ratio of active amide sites to CO2 molecules was observed. In addition, compound 1 favors capture of CO2 over N2. DFT calculations provided rationale for the intriguing 1:1 ratio of amide sorption sites to CO2 molecules and revealed that the nanochamber of compound 1 permits the slipped-parallel arrangement of CO2 molecules, an arrangement found in crystal...
TL;DR: Application of DAS, DADS, and DATS might serve as potential antimetastatic drugs and inhibit the migration and invasion of colo 205 human colon cancer cells.
Abstract: Diallyl sulfide (DAS), diallyl disulfide (DADS), and diallyl trisulfide (DATS) are major organosulfur compounds exiting in garlic (Allium sativum). These compounds are reported to exhibit various pharmacological properties such as antibacteria, antiangiogenesis, anticancer, and anticoagulation, and they also induce cytotoxicity and induction of apoptosis in human cancer cells. Although these compounds show wide spectrum of biological activities, there are no reports to show that DAS, DADS, and DATS affected migration and invasion of human colon cancer cells, and their exact molecular mechanisms are not well investigated. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine whether DAS, DADS, and DATS affected the invasion and migration abilities of colo 205 human colon cancer cells. The results indicate that DAS, DADS, and DATS at 10 and 25 μM inhibited the migration and invasion of colo 205 cells in the order of DATS < DADS < DAS. DATS is the highest for inhibition of migration and invasion of colo 205 cells. DAS, DADS, and DATS induce downregulation expression of PI3K, Ras, MEKK3, MKK7, ERK1/2, JNK1/2, and p38 and then lead to the inhibition of MMP-2, -7, and -9. DAS, DADS, and DATS inhibited NF-κB and COX-2 for leading to the inhibition of cell proliferation. Taken together, these results demonstrated that application of DAS, DADS, and DATS might serve as potential antimetastatic drugs.